Cholelithiasis complicated with biliary sludge and urolithiasis in a dog

Seung-gon Lee,Dong-gun Kim,Joon-seok Lee,Ho-hyun Kwak,Hyun-sook Nam,Heung-myong Woo*, In-Chul Park**, Changbaig Hyun1,In-chul Park,Chang-baig Hyun 한국임상수의학회 2006 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.23 No.3

A 10-year-old intact female Miniature Schnauzer dog was referred with the primary complaint of persistentanorexia, remittent fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. Hemogram suggested a chronic inflammatory disease. Serumbiochemistry showed moderate hepatobiliary cellular damage with severe cholestasis. Abdominal radiography andultrasonography revealed hepatomegaly, choleliths and sludges in gall bladder and small stones in urinary bladder. Basedcholecystectomy and cystectomy, choleliths and uroliths were removed from gall bladder and urinary bladder,respectively. The clinical condition was dramatically improved after surgery.

地域社會 住民의 保健意義向上을 保健敎育事業

南喆鉉 韓國保健敎育學會 1985 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.3 No.1

활성 알루미나의 제조방법에 관한 연구

남영우,김현철,황희연 崇實大學校 生産技術硏究所 1994 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Aluminum hydroxide gels were formed from aluminum salts by precipitation method. These gels were aged and calcined to get γ- alumina. The effects of aging condition for aluminum hydroxide gels on the physical properties of γ- alumina were tested varying aging pH, time and temperature using aluminum sulfate as starting materials. The effect of starting materials were tested using aluminum sulfate, nitrate and chloride salts. Activated alumina prepared from Boehmite aged under the condition of pH 11 and 170℃ showed high surface area and large pore volume. Aging time above 1 day showed a little effect on the properties of activated alumina. Optimum aluminum salt concentration for high surface area and large pore volume was 4 wt%.

항갑상선제로 치료한 그레이브스병 환자의 관해예측인자

남일송,윤여일,김선규,김용현,이주영,목지오,윤석기,김철희,김영선,변동원,서교일,유명희 순천향의학연구소 2001 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.7 No.2

Background: Most cases of Graves' disease have been treated by antithyroid drugs in Korea. The major drawbacks of antithyroid drugs are the relative high rate of relapse and the inconvinience of long term therapy. Measurement of TBII and TRH stimulation test have been considered as the most reliable tests predicting relapse, but the predictive power is not high enough to use in clinical situation. This study was performed to find good prognostic indicators in Graves' disease patients after the discontinuation of antithyroid drug therapy. Subjects and methods : We restrospectively evaluated 96 patients with Graves' disease who showed normal TRH test at the end of antithyroid drug therapy and were followed for more than one year. Serum T3, T4, T3/T4 ratio, TBII, Anti-TPO Ab and TGAb levels were measured at the time of diagnosis and at the end of therapy. Two to three months after withdrawal of antithyroid medication, serum TSH and free T3 responses to TRH were examined. These parameters were compared between the relapse group and the remission group. Results : Among the 96 patients, 22 patients(22.9%) relapsed(Group Ⅱ) and 74 patients(77.1%) remained in remmision(Group Ⅰ). No significant difference was observed between the relapse and the remission group in clinical parameters, serum T3, T4, TSH, T3/T4 ratio, TBⅡ and Anti-TPO Ab determined before and after treatment. Serum TSH and free T3 levels measured after TRH stimulation were also similar in both groups. Serum TGAb levels determined at the end of treatment were significantly higher in the remission group(p<0.05). Relapse following the discontinuation of therapy occured within 24 months in 72.7% of the relapsed cases. After 24 months, relapse rate was reduced significantly. Conclusion : These results suggest that high serum TGAb levels could be a favorable prognostic indicator for the long term remission of Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drugs, and may suggest that Hashimoto's thyroiditis is combined with Graves' disease in those patients.

Kaolin을 이용한 고강도 자기소지의 개발

남인탁,김동현,조남철 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

자기소지의 기계적 강도를 향상시키기 위하여 함백 kaolin에 Al분말과 activated Al₂O₃ 및 reactive Al₂O₃를 혼합하고 1200∼1400℃에서 열처리 하여 다량의 mullite 결정을 함유한 자기소지를 제조하였다. 그 결과, 열처리 중에 생성된 mullite는 자기소지의 기계적 강도를 향상시켰으며 Al을 kaolin에 첨가하여 열처리를 행하면 reactive Al₂O₃ 및 activated Al₂O₃를 첨가한 경우에 비하여 보다 높은 mullite 생성량을 나타내었다. In order to clarify, factors affecting on mechanical strength of porcelain bodies having mullite crystals were prepared from Hamback kaolin and Al powder, activated Al₂O₃, reactive Al₂O₃ fired at 1200∼1400℃. The results confirms that the generation of mullite crystals in sintered body was one of the most important factors improving the mechanical strength. The strength of the fired bodies depend on the generation of mullite crystals. The generation of mullite crystals were increased by order of adding activated Al₂O₃, reactive Al₂O₃ and Al powder to kaolin.

農村住民의 吸煙 및 飮酒 實態와 이에 影響을 미치는 要因分析

南喆鉉 韓國保健敎育學會 1989 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The study was designed to analyse the factors effecting to smoking and drinking of community people in rural area. The study has been surveyed through interviews by trained college students for 1,846 residents who live in rural area(Eup or Myun office is located) for 20days(from 3rd. to 22nd, in August, 1988) The summary and conclusions are as follows. 1. The number of answers on the questionnaires was 1846. And the percent of man was 55.7%(woman 44.3%). Among age group 20-29 years group with 30.4% was larger than any other group. Anaverage age of answers was 38.6 years. 2. In the period of residence, 21.5% of the residents lived within 5 years(This group was larger than any other group). In occupations, workers in agriculture and fishing was more than other job occupants. In education, the percent of high school graduates was 44.0%( higher than any other group) 3. The smoking rate of rural residents was 41.8% and man's smoking rate was 76.0% (woman's smoking rate was 7.6%). These rates were higher than the rates in 1985 (The smoking rate of nation was 32.0%). First of all, waman's smoking rate increased rapidly 4. As for smoking amount, in male 52.8% of smokers smoked a cigarette case (20 cigarettes) in a day, and 16.9% of smokers smoked more than one cigarette case. In female 42.5% of woman smokers smoked a half case in a day and the rate of non-smokers diminished to 77.8% 5. The rate of non-smokers in 21-29 years coup was higher than any other group and a smoking rate increased as an age increased. However, a smoking amount decreased as an age increased. This suggests that people are more concerning about their health as their ages increase. 6. The smoking rate of college graduates was 58.8%(higher than any other group) and in a smoking amount 36.4% of college graduates, 29.8% of high school graduates smoked more than a cigarette case in a day. This shows that people in a higher education group smoke more than those in other groups. 7. As for non-smoking rate, students, service job workers, company employees, and teachers was 54.1%, 43.4%, 40.1% and 39.5% respectively. As for smoking rate. workers in agriculture and fishing was the highest level of all job employees. Public officers smoked less than the workers in agriculture and the smoking rate of teachers was less than that of public officers. with regard to smoking amount, above one cigarette case in a day was 39.9% in public officers, 39.2% workers in agriculture and fishing, 37.9% in businessmen, 34.2% in teachers, 31.9% in service job employees rind 31.6% in a company employees. 8. The variables which had an effect on smoking were sex (B= .1701), job(B= .1689), education( B= .1671), age(B= .1125). These variables were significant in P<0.05 statistically. Explanatory variance level was 19% 9. The drinking rate of community residents wart 61.8% and man's drinking rate was 81.7%(woman's drinking rate was 38.9%). As drinking rate 18.0%(the highest rate) of man drinkers drank 3 bottles of beer in a general drinking and 12.1% of them drank more than 10 bottles. 12.1% (the highest rate) of waman drinkers drank 2 cups of beer. The rising rate of woman's drinking of alcohol was remarkable. 10. Each non-drinking rate of age groups was 27.6% (in 20-30 years group), 28.9% (in 30-39 years group), 28.9%(in 40-49 years group) and 32,6%(in 50-59 tears group), 10,7%(the highest rate) of 20-29 and 30-39 years groups drank above 3 bottles. 7.5% of 20-29 years group and 7.7% of 30-39 years group drank above 10 bottles. In 40-49 years group, 14.4% of them drank a bottle and 8.1% of them drank above 1() bottles. In 50-59years group. 14,2% of them drank 2 bottles and 5.3% of them drank above 10 bottles. This shows that a drinking rate decreased as an age increased. 11. Non-drinking rate was higher as an education level was lower. Each non-drinking rate of non-educated group, elementary school group, middle school group and high school group was 41.0% of high school graduates and 14.5% of college graduates drank 3 bottles of beer. 9.7%(the highest rate) of college graduates drank above 10 bottles, in general drinking. 12. Each non-drinking rate of businessmen, farmers, service job workers, and students was, 3l.3%. 28.2%. 26.8% and 25.9%. However, Each drinking rate of public officers, company employees and teachers was 73.3%, 72.2% and 68.4%. This tells us that the drinking rate of mental workers is higher than that of physical workers. 14.9% of farmers and 14.4% of public officers drank 3 bottles at a time. 10.5% of teachers and 9.9% of public officers drank above 10 bottles. 13. The variables which affect on drinking were sex(B=.1545), education(B=.1476),job( B= .1064), and age(B=.1052). These variables were significant in the level of 0.05% and explanatory variance level was 18%. 14. Government have to educate people and demonstrate the health hazards caused by smoking and over-drinking. Especially, No-smoking campaign for woman and education not to over drink for professional job workers are necessary.

龜尾市 人文系高等學生들의 吸煙實態와 關聯要因 分析

南喆鉉,朴千萬,崔銀庭 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1999 保健福祉硏究 Vol.3 No.-

고등학생들의 흡연실태와 이에 영향을 주는 요인을 파악하여 건전한 청소년 시절을 보낼 수 있도록 하는 금연 교육 프로그램 개발에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 1998년 2월 28일부터 3월 7일까지 경북 구미시 소재 고등학생 6개 인문계 고등학생을 대상으로 설문조사 한 바 다음과 같은 요약과 결론을 얻었다. 1) 조사대상자의 일반특성은 여자가 50.5%였고 학년별로는 1학년이 34.0%로 가장 높았으며 2학년 33.7%, 3학년 32.3%였다. 종교는 무교가 47.5%로, 한달용돈 3만원 이하에서 43.4%로, 고졸자 아버지를 둔 학생이 47.1%였고 흡연하는 부모와 생활하는 학생이 66.3%로 높았으며, 스트레스가 심하다는 학생이 75.1%, 술을 마시는 학생이 79.5%로 타군보다 높았다. 2) 특성별 흡연실태 (1) 고등학생의 흡연률은 24.9%였으며 남학생 흡연률은 25.2%였고 여학생은 24.7%였다. 학년별 흡연률은 1학년에서 28.7%, 3학년 28.1%, 2학년 18.0% 순이였다. 특성별로는 불교신자에서 22.2%로, 한달용돈 3-5만원에서 35.5%로, 가정에서 부모가 흡연을 하는 경우 26.4%로 타군에 비해 각각 높았다. 학교성적이 나쁜쪽이, 스트레스가 심할수록 술을 마실수록 흡연률이 높았다. <표5> 변수별 상관관계 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 구분 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 성별 1.0000 2. 학년 0.0209 1.0000 3. 종교 0.0405 0.0831 1.0000 4. 용돈 0.0230 0.0783 -0.0354 1.0000 5. 아버지교육정도-0.0772 -0.0279 0.0870 -0.0058 1.0000 6. 학교성적 0.0578 0.0789 -0.0206 0.0008 -0.0694 1.0000 7. 부모님맞벌이 -0.1119** -0.0278 0.0714 -0.0249 0.2207* -0.0246 1.0000 8. 부모님흡연여부 -0.0070 0.0640 0.0040 0.0138 0.0103 0.0043 -0.0733 1.0000 9. 스트레스 정도 0.0052 -0.0783 -0.0014 -0.1287** -0.0400 0.0943 0.0078 0.0015 1.0000 10. 음주여부 0.0365 -0.1328** 0.0470 -0.1990* -0.0089 -0.0118 -0.1042 0.0624 0.0923 1.0000 11. 가정화목 0.1206** 0.0339 -0.0299 0.1028 -0.0973 0.0756 -0.1461** 0.0987 -0.0339 -0.1014 1.0000 12. 흡연여부 0.0058 0.0072 -0.0456 -0.1455** -0.0752 -0.1208** -0.0605 -0.0480 0.1580** 0.2929** -0.1181** 1.0000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * : P<0.01 ** : P<0.05 (2) 흡연량은 1일 1-10개피가 52.7%였고, 1갑이상이 27.0%, 11개피에서 한갑을 피우는 경우가 20.3% 였다. 특성별로는 1일 1-10개피는 여자에서 62.2%로, 1일 한갑이상에서는 남자가 29.7%로 높았다. 학년별로는 전학년 모두 1-10개피가 가장 높았고, 용돈이 3만원 이하에서 1일 한갑이상이 36.1%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 학교성적 하위군에서는 1-10개피가 53.9%, 한갑이상이 38.5%로 타군에 비해 높았다. 흡연을 하는 부모를 둔 학생에서 30.8%가 1일 한갑 이상 흡연을 하였고 스트레스가 심하지 않을 때는 흡연을 하지 않았다. (3) 흡연 시작시기는 중학교 재학중이 52.7%로 가장 높았고, 중학교 졸업 후가 27.0%, 중학교 입학전이 20.3%였다. 흡연 시작시기를 각 특성별로 보면 중학교 재학중이 여자에서 62.2%, 1학년에서 72.4%, 한달용돈 5만원 이상에서 66.7%, 학교성적이 상위에서 69.2%, 스트레스가 심한 학생에서 57.8%로 각각 타군 보다 월등히 높았다. 맞벌이 부모와 흡연을 하는 부모를 둔 학생에서 중학교 입학전에 각각 22.6%, 22.7%로 흡연을 시작하여 타군에 비해 다소 높았다. (4) 흡연장소는 놀이터, 공터가 33.8%로 가장 높았고 자기집 17.6%, 비디오방이나 노래방이 17.6%로 같은 순이였다. 특성별로는 놀이터, 공터에서 흡연이 남자에서, 3학년에서, 무교에서, 한달용돈 3-5만원에서, 학교성적이 상위수준에서, 스트레스가 보통에서 각각 타군보다 높았다. 부모가 흡연을 하지 않는 학생들은 자기집에서 흡연이 적었고 놀이터나 공터에서 흡연이 많았다. (5) 흡연동기는 호기심이 39.2%로 가장 높았고 스트레스 해소가 23.3%였다. 특성별로 보면 호기심으로 흡연을 한 경우가 여자에서, 2학년에서, 기독교에서, 초대졸 이상의 아버지를 둔 학생에서, 학교성적이 중간인 학생에서, 맞벌이 부모를 둔 학생에서, 비흡연 부모를 둔 학생에서, 스트레스가 심한 학생에서 각각 타군보다 높았다. (6) 담배를 가장 피우고 싶을 때는 언제 느끼느냐는 흡연유혹에 대한 문항에서 친구의 흡연이 35.1%로, 심리적 갈등이 33.8%로 높았다. 친구의 흡연에 유혹을 받는 경우는 여자에서 48.7%로, 1학년이 51.7%로 타군보다 높았다. 3) 특성별 흡연 관련요인 (1) 금연의지 유무에 있어서는 금연을 하겠다가 81.1%였고, 금연을 안하겠다는 18.9%였다. 성별로 보면 금연을 하겠다는 남자가 86.5%, 여자는 75.7%로 나타났다. 특성별 금연의지는 3학년에서 88.9%, 불교신자에서 93.8%, 한달용돈 5만원에서 91.7%, 학교성적이 하위수준에서 87.0%로 각각 타군보다 높았다. (2) 장래 흡연여부는 안피운다가 79.4%로 가장 높았고, 사회인이 되어서가 4.9%, 대학생일때가 4.5%였다. 성별로 보면 안피운다가 여자에서 85.0%로 가장 높았고, 특성별로 안피운다가 1학년에서 81.9%, 기독교 신자에서 78.6%, 한달 용돈 3-5만원에서 85.9%, 중졸이하의 아버지를 둔 학생에서 83.6%로 각각 타군에 비해 높았다. 흡연을 하지 않는 부모를 둔 학생의 83.3%가 안피우겠다고 응답하였고 스트레스가 심하지 않은 경우는 100%로 절대적으로 높았다. (3) 흡연으로 인한 질병에 대한 지식 조사에서는 폐암이라고 응답한 자가 92.6%로 가장 높았다. 특성별로 보면 폐암이라고 응답한 경우는 남자에서, 2학년에서, 기독교 신자에서, 학교성적이 상위수준에서, 부모가 흡연을 하는 학생에서, 스트레스가 심하지 않은 군에서, 술을 마시는 학생에서 각각 타군 보다 월등히 높았다. (4) 흡연의 건강장해에 대한 정보 습득원은 신문, 잡지가 56.0%로 가장 높았고 학교가 21.8%, T·V나 라디오가 15.5% 순이였다. 특성별로 보면 신문, 잡지가 정보 습득원인 경우는 여자에서, 1학년에서, 기독교 신자에서, 한달용돈이 3-5만원에서, 중졸이하의 아버지를 둔 학생에서, 맞벌이를 하지않는 부모를 둔 학생에서, 담배를 피우지 않는 부모를 둔 학생에서 타군보다 높았다. 학교성적이 상수준에서 학교가 29.2%로 정보 습득원이였으며, P<0.05 수준으로 유의성이 있었다. 4) 성별 흡연실태 (1) 여성흡연에 대한 견해를 질문한 결과 남학생의 경우 「남성과 달리 절대 피워서는 안된다」가 41.5%로 가장 높으며 「남성과 동등하게 피워도 된다」는 23.8%로 였다. 여학생의 경우에는 「잘 모르겠다」가 26.7%로 가장 높고, 「남성과 달리 절대 피워서는 안된다」가 22.7%인 반면 「남성과 동등하게 피워도 된다」는 견해가 20.7%로 나타났다. (2) 담배 구입시 태도에 관한 질문에 구입시 「죄책감을 느낀다」라고 응답한 남학생이 18.9%, 여학생이 13.5%인 반면에 「그냥 그렇다」라고 응답한 남학생이 48.8%, 여학생이 67.6%로 훨씬 높았다. (3) 흡연시 동반자는 여자친구가 32.4%, 남자친구가 28.4%로 친구와 함께가 가장 많았으며, 혼자서가 23.0%이고, 선후배와 함께가 16.3%였다. 5) 성별과 가정화목은 정상관 관계가 있고, 학년과 음주여부 그리고 부모님 맞벌이와 가정화목은 역상관 관계를 보였다. 스트레스 정도와 음주여부는 흡연여부와 정상관 관계가 있고, 한달용돈, 학교성적, 가정화목은 흡연여부와 역상관 관계가 있었다. The following results were obtained from my questionaire that purports to provide basic materials for an educational program 'Quit Smoking' for high school students. The program, if succeeded, would provide an opportunity for students to spend a productive and sound adolescence. The questionaire was circulated and collected among 300 students attending at various high schools in the City of Kumi, Kyungbuk, during March 28th through April 7th of 1998. 1. The characteristics of the students who answered the questionaire are: 50.5% of them are female students; 34.0% freshmen, 33.7% sophomores, and 33.2% seniors; atheists are 47.5%; 43.4% consist of those who have monthly allowance of less than ￦30,000; 47.1% have fathers who are only highschool graduates; 66.3% have parents who are smoking; 75.1% feel stress at school; and 79.5% drink alcohol occasionally. 2. Total smoking percentage among the answerers is 24.9%. Smoking rate for male students is 25.2% while smoking rate for female students is 24.7% and seems increasing. The smoking rate of students whose parents are smoking is higher than that of other groups. And those students group with stressful life, bad grade at school, and drinking habit, has the highest rate of smoking. 3. Among the smokers, 52.7% consume 1-10 cigarettes a day. 27% of them consume more than a pack a day, 20.3% smoke away more than half a pack but less than a pack. And 62% of female smokers are consuming only 1-10 cigarettes whereas 29.7% of male students consume more than one pack a day. 4. 52.7% of smoking students started smoking while they were at middle school, 27.0% started after graduation from middle school, and 20.3% started even before middle school. 5. They choose as their favorite smoking place playground or empty lot with 33.8% of them, and home 17.6%, video-room('videobang') 17.6%, and singing-room('noraebang) 17.6% respectfully. 6. 39.2% of all amokers answered that curiosity is the highest motive to have started smoking, and 23.3% said that they started smoking in order to release their stress. 7. Smoking impulse is most felt when friends are smoking, with the highest rate of 35.1% of all smokers, while 33.8% of them felt a seduction to smoke due to psychological stress. Among those who are easily seduced to smoke because of friend's smoking are 48.7% of all female smokers and 51.7% of all freshmen smokers. 8. 81.1% of smoking students have positive attitude to quit smoking, but 18.9% has no intention to quit. Among the students who answer 'yes' to quit smoking 86.5% are male and 75.7% are female. 9. About future smoking attitude, 79.4% of all questionaire answerers predict that they will not smoke no matter what; 4.5% will when they become college students; and 4.9% will only when they become members of society. 10. With the highest 92.6% rate, many smokers answered that smoking may cause lung cancer. 11. 56% of all smoking students have obtained their knowledge of smoking diseases from newspapers and magazines, 21.8% from school education, and 15.5% from T.V. or radio. 12. About female smoking, 41.5% of male students answered that women should not smoke while 23.8% of them seemed to admit that there should be no difference between sex roles in smoking. Female students replied 'no opinion' with the rate of 26.7% while 20.7% of them insist equality of men and women in smoking. 13. 18.9% of male smokers and 13.5% of female smokers 'feel guilty' when they purchase cigarettes, but 48.8% of male and 67.6% of female smokers 'feel nothing' at purchase. 14. Smoking mate consists of girl friends (32.4%) and boy friends (28.4%). But 23.0% of smokers are simply smoking alone without mates, and 16.3% of them are smoking habitually with their high school seniors or juniors. 15. Stress and alcoholic consumption are causes in a direct proportion to smoking increase, whereas monthly allowance, school grade, and domestic peace induce factors in an inverse proportion to smoking rate.

자기소지의 미립자화에 의한 기계적 강도의 개선

남의탁,조남철,김동현 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1997 석재연 논문집 Vol.2 No.-

자기소지에 혼합된 석영 입자의 크기에 따른 소지의 기계적 강도를 조사하였다. 소성중에 생성된 물라이트는 자기소지의 기계적 강도에 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 자기소지에 혼합된 석영입자에 의하여 기계적 강도가 개선되었다. 자기소지의 기계적 강도를 향상시키는 요인은 석영 입자 주위에 형성된 유리상의 압축응력에 의하며, 1400℃에서는 10∼20μm, 1350℃∼1250℃에서 5∼10μm의 석영 입자를 첨가하였을 때 최대 곡강도를 나타내었다. The effects of grain size of quartz mixed to porcelain bodies on the mechanical strength of the fired bodies were examined. There were no relation between content of mullite of the fired bodies and their bending strength. But for amount of quartz remained in the fired bodies have been as high bending strength. The result confirms that the prestress effect generated in the glassy phase surrounding the quartz grains was one of the most important factors improving the mechanical strength. The strength of the fired bodies depend on the grain size of quartz, and maximum strengths were obtained at 10∼20μm and 5∼10μm respectively, fired at 1400℃ and 1350℃∼1250℃.

양·한방병원 내원 뇌졸중 환자의 실태와 물리치료 만족도 조사

남철현,김기열,전현선 慶山大學校 保健福祉硏究所 1999 保健福祉硏究 Vol.3 No.-

A study on current situation of C.V.A patients in Oriental and Western Hospitals, and patients satisfaction for physical therapy were conducted in order to improve the practice of physical therapy for the patients. this study were performed August, through October 31, 1988. Five hundred and seventeen patients at three Western and three Oriental Hospitals were the subjects of the study. The results are as follows; 1. 258 of the subjects were male, 198 of them were 60's of the age, 417 of them were married, 204 of them were house wife, and 299 of them were middle class people. 167 of the subjects were high school graduates and 304 of them were from major cities. 2. 33.9% of the subjects had preceding disease before strokes, and 34.2% of the patients from western medical hospital, 39.2% of female patients 44.1% of the 60's age, and 44.9% of the unmarried and 53.8% of the house wife had preceding disease. 3. 31.8% of males and 68.0% of laborer C.V.A when they were tired, 37.4% of the people of the age pf 70's become victims of C.V.A while they slept. 4. 53.4% of the subjects had cerebral infarction, 32% of the subjects had cerebral hemorrhage, 58.7% of the patients of oriental medical hospital were cerebral infarction patients, and 66.9% of the patients over 70 years old were also cerebral infarction patients. 5. 35% of the patients over the age of 60's were the first time victims of C.V.A and the rate is higher than of other age group, 80.3% of the subjects were the first time victims and 19.7% of the subjects were the second time victims. 6. 45.2% of the subjects had paralysis on left side and 43% had paralysis on right side and 5.4% of them had both side paralysis, 60.3% of the subjects received by physical therapy services, and 20.5% of the subjects got the therapy every three days. 7. 71.6% of the subjects believed that exercise therapy was the most effective therapy, and 29.6% of the subjects believed that acupressure and massage were the heart therapy. 8. 49.4% of the subjects in western hospital answered that the therapy they received were appropriate, 35.9% of the patients in western hospital side that they were satisfied with the result of the therapy.

醫藥品 關聯 知識과 使用行態 硏究

南喆鉉,林尙圭 韓國保健敎育.健康增進學會 2000 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was conducted to provide basic data for development of public information program and public policy which could prevent the medicine abuse in Korea, examining the level of knowledge of medicine and its related factors. Data were collected from the 2,011 residents who live in metropolitan cities, large-sized cities, small and medium cities, and small towns The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1) In case of purchasing of medicines in pharmacy, 67.3% of the respondents chose the medicines through recommendations of the professionals such as pharmacists and doctors, while 32.7% of the respondents chose the medicine through self-judgement, advertizing, or recommendation of relative. 2) 64.7% of the respondents obtained the information on medicines through TV. It appeared to be higher in the groups of female of the twenties, the unmarred, a brother and sister threesome, highschool graduates, housewives, residents in small and medium cities, atheists, and the middle class, displaying the significant difference from the other groups. 3) 40.5% of the respondents recognized the side effect of the medicine when they took the medicine, while 34.4% did not recognize it. The rate of experience in the side effect was 39.7%. The informations on the medicine abuse and the risk of addiction were obtained through broadcast media (47.9%), publications (12.1%), and health professionals (11.6%). 4) 81.1% of the respondents experienced taking of the fatigue relieving medicine. The experience in taking of the fatigue relieving medicine appeared to be higher in the groups of the forties, the married, a brother and sister fivesome, highschool graduates, persons engaging in farming, livestock raising, and forestry, the residents in small towns, and Christians. Each group displayed the significant difference from the other groups. 5) According to the level of knowledge of medicines, the respondents marked average 11.7±3.76 points on the base of 24 points. It appeared to be higher in the groups of female of the twenties, a brother and sister foursome, college graduates, teachers, Catholics, and the middle class, displays the significant difference from the other groups. 6) According to the experience in taking of health medicine and health food, 81.1% of respondents had the experience in taking 'the fatigue relieving medicine'; 72.4% 'carrot or vegetable juice'; 69.5% 'ginseng'; 63.0% 'mushroom'; 42.5% 'dog meat'; 38.0% 'aloe'; 36.4 'deer antlers'; 11.4% 'snake'; 2.0% 'the penis of a fur seal'. 7) The factors influencing the level of knowledge of medicine include experiences in taking of the tonic, the fatigue relieving medicine, and the nutritive medicine, economic status, the number of brothers and sisters, education level, marital status, father's education level, and age. The factors influencing the experience in side effect of medicine are experiences in taking of the fatigue relieving medicine, the nutritive medicine, and the tonic, sex, age, education level, father's education level, marital status, economic status, religion, and the number of brothers and sisters. In conclusion, it is estimated that the level of knowledge of medicines is significantly low in Korea. Especially, it is found out that workmen, students, the upper class, the class of low education level, and persons engaging in farming, livestock raising, and forestry neglect importance of knowledge of medicine, Therefore, it is necessary for public authority, associations related, and health professionals to develop programs for public information and education to help people obtain basic knowledge of medicine.