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일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구
강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37
In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.
조내수(Cho Nae-su),김우현(Kim Woo-Hyen),최연호(Choi Youn-Ho),박철우(Park Chul-Woo),권우현(Kwon Woo-Hyen) 전력전자학회 2002 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
본 논문에서는 유도전동기 벡터제어를 위한 전류 및 속도제어기의 간단한 설계 방법을 제안한다. 일반적으로 유도전동기 전류 및 속도제어에 PI형태의 제어기를 사용할 경우 제어기이득 결정과정에는 많은 시행착오가 따른다, 본 논문에서는 전동기 상수 및 원하는 대역폭으로부터 제어기이득을 직접 구하여 설계과정을 단순화함으로써 시행착오를 줄이거나 제거할 수 있게 하였다. 제안한 방법의 유용성 및 성능을 모의실험을 통해서 확인한다.
( Su Yeong Park ),( Min Gyu Kong ),( Inki Moon ),( Hyun Woo Park ),( Hyung-oh Choi ),( Hye Sun Seo ),( Yoon Haeng Cho ),( Nae-hee Lee ),( Kwan Yong Lee ),( Ho-jun Jang ),( Je Sang Kim ),( Ik Jun Choi 대한내과학회 2023 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.38 No.5
Background/Aims: We aimed to analyze the efficacy of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) by the disease course of heart failure (HF). Methods: We evaluated 227 patients with HF in a multi-center retrospective cohort that included those with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% undergoing ARNI treatment. The patients were divided into patients with newly diagnosed HF with ARNI treatment initiated within 6 months of diagnosis (de novo HF group) and those who were diagnosed or admitted for HF exacerbation for more than 6 months prior to initiation of ARNI treatment (prior HF group). The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death and worsening HF, including hospitalization or an emergency visit for HF aggravation within 12 months. Results: No significant differences in baseline characteristics were reported between the de novo and prior HF groups. The prior HF group was significantly associated with a higher primary outcome (23.9 vs. 9.4%) than the de novo HF group (adjusted hazard ratio 2.52, 95% confidence interval 1.06-5.96, p = 0.036), although on a higher initial dose. The de novo HF group showed better LVEF improvement after 1 year (12.0% vs 7.4%, p = 0.010). Further, the discontinuation rate of diuretics after 1 year was numerically higher in the de novo group than the prior HF group (34.4 vs 18.5%, p = 0.064). Conclusions: The de novo HF group had a lower risk of the primary composite outcome than the prior HF group in patients with reduced ejection fraction who were treated with ARNI.
장수민(Su-Min Jang),조용준(Yong-Jun Cho),곽재정(Nae-Joung Kwak),유재수(Jae-Soo Yoo),유관희(Kwan-Hee Yoo) 한국콘텐츠학회 2008 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.8 No.1
최근에 인터넷발전으로 많은 사용자들이 다양한 온라인 게임을 네트워크를 통하여 사용하고 있다. 이러한 게임을 즐기는 사용자가 증가하면서, 특정 회사나 광고회사가 텔레비전이나 라디오 대신에 제품에 대한 광고를 온라인 게임을 통하여 간접 광고하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이처럼 온라인 게임이 광고의 매체로서 사용되는 다양한 적용사례를 제시하고 문제점을 제시한다. 본 논문은 제시된 문제점을 해결하고, 보다 효율적으로 서비스하기 위한 시스템의 구성을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 온라인게임을 이용한 간접광고 시스템의 기대효과를 입증하기 위하여, 온라인 게임에서 간접광고 효과에 대한 다양한 설문조사하고 이를 분석한다. With recent development of internet, a lot of people use online games through internet networks. Since people that utilize the online games increase, a special company and an advertisement company adopt the PPL(Product in Placement) on online game instead of the advertisement through TV or radio. This paper presents applications of the PPL on online games and problems which was occurred by them. We propose an advertisement system architecture which processes it efficiently. To prove that our proposed PPL system on online game is efficient, we process various questionnaires on PPL efficacy in online game and analyze them.
Characterization of Immune Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv2041c Protein
Kim, Su-Young,Shin, A-Rum,Lee, Byung-Soo,Kim, Hwa-Jung,Jeon, Bo-Young,Cho, Sang-Nae,Park, Jeong-Kyu,Shin, Sung-Jae The Korean Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.39 No.3
Tuberculosis, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Although many functional studies have been conducted on M. tb proteins in the post-genomic era, little is known about the function of many proteins expressed specifically during latency. Previously, we reported that Rv2041c from M. tb H37Rv is highly expressed under conditions of low pH and hypoxia, which represent the in vitro mimicry of latent tuberculosis. In the present study, increased expression levels of Rv2041c under hypoxia and low pH in vitro culture was confirmed by RT-PCR. Interestingly, Rv2041c showed significantly increased expression among genes of the same operon and genes belonging to the same functional group. Finally, the immune responses elicited by the recombinant (r) Rv2041c protein were investigated using ex vivo and in vivo models of M. tb infection. A significantly high level of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-$\alpha$, IL-6, and IL-12p40 was detected in a dose-dependent manner by treatment of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages with rRv2041c protein. In addition, IFN-$\gamma$ and TNF-$\alpha$ secretion increased after stimulation with purified Rv2041c protein to lymphocytes from latent and active TB mice in a modified Cornell model. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Rv2041c is a new T-cell antigen and could be a potential vaccine candidate against M. tb infection by inducing a strong cellular immune response.
Ha, Sang-Jun,Park, Su-Hyung,Kim, Hye-Ju,Kim, Seung-Chul,Kang, Hyang-Ju,Lee, Eun-Gae,Kwon, Soon-Geon,Kim, Byong-Moon,Lee, Sung-Hee,Kim, Won-Bae,Sung, Young-Chul,Cho, Sang-Nae American Society for Microbiology 2006 Infection and immunity Vol.74 No.8
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Tuberculosis subunit vaccines codelivered with interleukin-12 (IL-12)-encapsulated microspheres (IL-12EM) are designed for a sustained release of IL-12 and could induce strong Th1 immune responses specific to Ag85A and ESAT-6. The adjuvant combination of IL-12EM plus AS01B was a more efficient way to induce a sustained Th1 immunity and protection against <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis.</I></P>
Yoon, Byung-Keun,Yun, Chul,Cho, Nae-Soo,Choi, Sang-Back,Jin, Yong-Su,Kwon, Woo-Hyen The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.2
This paper presents an analysis of the power gain under partial shading conditions (PSC) when the partial shade loss is being compensated in photovoltaic(PV) system. To analyze the power gain, our study divides the mismatch loss into partial shade loss and operating point loss. Partial shade loss is defined as the power difference between a normal string and a partially shaded string at the maximum power point (MPP). Operating point loss is defined as the power loss due to the operating point shift while following the MPP of the PV array. Partial shading in a PV system affects the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control by creating multiple MPPs, which causes mismatch losses. Several MPPT algorithms have been suggested to solve the multiple MPP problems. Among these, mismatch compensation algorithms require additional power to compensate for the mismatch loss; however, these algorithms do not consider the gain or loss between the input power required for compensation and the increased output power obtained after compensation. This paper analyzes the power gain resulting from the partial shade loss compensation under PSC, using the V-P curve of the PV system, and verifies that power gain existence by simulation and experiment.