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Lee Yeon Jung,Lee Hyeon-Ah,Kim Kyong Ah,Baik Myungjae,Paik Jong-Woo,Seol Jinmi,Lee Sang Min,Lee Eun-Jin,Lee Haewoo,Lim Meerae,Jun Jin Yong,Ki Seon Wan,Jeon Hong Jin,Kwon Sun Jung,Lee Hwa-Young 대한신경정신의학회 2023 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.20 No.5
Objective North Korean defectors (NKDs) have experienced substantial difficulties during the migration and settlement in South Korea. They have a high prevalence of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicidal behaviors. The high prevalence of mental disorders among NKDs can lead to a high suicide rate. However, there are no suicide prevention programs for NKDs. This study aims to customize a suicide prevention program with content suitable for NKDs’ particular circumstances.Methods A multidisciplinary research team developed this program based on domestic and international gatekeeper training programs for suicide prevention and articles related to suicide prevention.Results We developed a multi-part gatekeeper training program, “Suicide CARE for NKDs.” In the “Introduction,” trainees learn about the need for the program and its importance. In “Careful observation,” trainees learn to recognize linguistic, behavioral, and situational signals of suicide risk. In “Active listening,” trainees learn how to ask about suicidal thoughts and to listen empathetically. In “Risk evaluation and expert referral,” trainees learn to evaluate suicide risk and to connect NKDs with institutes or services.Conclusion We expect this program to become useful for training gatekeepers to prevent suicide among NKD. A future follow-up study is needed to confirm the efficacy of the program.
Ro, MyungJa,Lee, A-Jin,Kim, Jae-Hong Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2018 Allergy Vol.73 No.2
<P>Conclusion: Our results suggest that 'MyD88-5-/12-LO-BLT2-NF-kappa B' cascade significantly contributes to the IL-33-induced synthesis of IL-13 in mast cells, thus potentially contributing to asthmatic development and exacerbation.</P>
Lee, A-Jin,Ro, MyungJa,Kim, Jae-Hong The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2016 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.197 No.6
<P>Mast cells are among the principal effector cells in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma. In allergic reactions, allergen (Ag)-induced cross-linking of IgE bound to Fc epsilon RI on mast cells results in the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which is essential for the initiation and development of the allergic response. Despite the central role of VEGF in allergic asthma, the signaling events responsible for the production of VEGF remain unclear, particularly in Ag-stimulated mast cells. In the present study, we observed that blocking leukotriene B-4 receptor 2 (BLT2) completely abrogated the production of VEGF in Ag-stimulated bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). The synthesis of BLT2 ligands (leukotriene B4 and 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid) was also required for VEGF production, suggesting a mediating role of an autocrine BLT2 ligands-BLT2 axis in the production of VEGF in mast cells. The NADPH oxidase 1-reactive oxygen species-NF-kappa B cascade is downstream of BLT2 during Ag signaling to VEGF synthesis in mast cells. Furthermore, the level of VEGF synthesis in genetically mast cell-deficient Kit(W/Wv) mice was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice in the OVA-induced asthma model, suggesting that mast cells play a critical role in the synthesis of VEGF in OVA-induced allergic asthma. Importantly, VEGF production was restored to the levels observed in wild-type mice after adoptive transfer of normal BMMCs into Kit(W/Wv) mice but was not restored in BLT2(-/-) BMMC-reconstituted Kit(W/Wv) mice in the OVA-induced asthma model. Taken together, our results suggest that BLT2 expression in mast cells is essential for the production of VEGF in OVA-induced allergic asthma.</P>
Lee, A-Jin,Ro, MyungJa,Cho, Kyung-Jin,Kim, Jae-Hong American Association of Immunologists 2017 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.
<P>In an experimental asthma model, the activation of TLR4 by bacterial LPS occasionally exacerbates allergic inflammation through the production of Th2 cytokines, and mast cells have been suggested to play a central role in this response. However, the detailed mechanism underlying how LPS/TLR4 stimulates the production of Th2 cytokines, especially IL-13, remains unclear in mast cells. In the current study, we observed that the expression levels of leukotriene B4 receptor-2 (BLT2) and the synthesis of its ligands were highly upregulated in LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived mast cells and that BLT2 blockade with small interfering RNA or a pharmacological inhibitor completely abolished IL-13 production, suggesting a mediatory role of the BLT2 ligand-BLT2 axis in LPS/TLR4 signaling to IL-13 synthesis in mast cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that MyD88 lies upstream of the BLT2 ligand-BLT2 axis and that this MyD88-BLT2 cascade leads to the generation of reactive oxygen species through NADPH oxidase 1 and the subsequent activation of NF-kappa B, thereby mediating IL-13 synthesis. Interestingly, we observed that costimulation of LPS/TLR4 and IgE/Fc epsilon RI caused greatly enhanced IL-13 synthesis in mast cells, and blockading BLT2 abolished these effects. Similarly, in vivo, the IL-13 level was markedly enhanced by LPS administration in an OVA-induced asthma model, and injecting a BLT2 antagonist beforehand clearly attenuated this increase. Together, our findings suggest that a BLT2-linked cascade plays a pivotal role in LPS/TLR4 signaling for IL-13 synthesis in mast cells, thereby potentially exacerbating allergic response. Our findings may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying how bacterial infection worsens allergic inflammation under certain conditions.</P>
In vivo high-throughput profiling of CRISPR–Cpf1 activity
Kim, Hui K,Song, Myungjae,Lee, Jinu,Menon, A Vipin,Jung, Soobin,Kang, Young-Mook,Choi, Jae W,Woo, Euijeon,Koh, Hyun C,Nam, Jin-Wu,Kim, Hyongbum Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2017 Nature methods Vol.14 No.2
<P>CRISPR from Prevotella and Francisella 1 (Cpf1) is an effector endonuclease of the class 2 CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated proteins) gene editing system. We developed a method for evaluating Cpf1 activity, based on target sequence composition in mammalian cells, in a high-throughput manner. A library of >11,000 target sequence and guide RNA pairs was delivered into human cells using lentiviral vectors. Subsequent delivery of Cpf1 into this cell library induced insertions and deletions (indels) at the integrated synthetic target sequences, which allowed en masse evaluation of Cpfl activity by using deep sequencing. With this approach, we determined protospacer-adjacent motif sequences of two Cpf1 nucleases, one from Acidaminococcus sp. BV3L6 (hereafter referred to as AsCpf1) and the other from Lachnospiraceae bacterium ND2006 (hereafter referred to as LbCpfl). We also defined target-sequence-dependent activity profiles of AsCpf1, which enabled the development of a web tool that predicts the indel frequencies for given target sequences (http://big.hanyang.ac.kr/cindel). Both the Cpf1 characterization profile and the in vivo high-throughput evaluation method will greatly facilitate Cpf1-based genome editing.</P>
우슬(牛膝)의 증숙(蒸熟)에 따른 항산화 효능 및 고지혈증 유발 흰쥐에 대한 고지혈증 개선 효능에 대한 연구
김정수 ( Jeong-soo Kim ),박명재 ( Myungjae Park ),김수지 ( Suji Kim ),신미래 ( Mi-rae Shin ),이아름 ( Ahreum Lee ),박해진 ( Hae-jin Park ),노성수 ( Seong-soo Roh ),서영배 ( Young Bae Seo ) 대한본초학회 2018 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.33 No.6
Objectives : This study was conducted to compare the effect of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix on antioxidant changes and antihyperlipidemics in hypercholesterolemic rats according to changes in the number of steams. Methods : The experimental animals were divided into six groups: normal (Nor), high cholesterol diet (Veh), high cholesterol diet with Simvastatin 5 ㎎/㎏ (Sim), high cholesterol diet with AR0 extract 200 ㎎/㎏ (AR0), high cholesterol diet with AR6 extract 200 ㎎/㎏ (AR6) and high cholesterol diet plus AR9 extract 200 ㎎/㎏ (AR9). I measured HDL, LDL TC, TG contents and ROS from each serums and compared them. I analyzed antioxidantrelated protein expressions and cholesterol-related protein expressions in each liver tissues. I also performed optical microscopic analysis through liver tissue staining. Results : The Antioxidant activity of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix was increased by steaming processes. In vivo, AR0 decreased liver weight in hyperlipidemic rats. LDL TC, TG, AI and CRF were decreased but HDL was increased in AR0. AST, ALT, creatinine, and BUN were decreased in AR0. ROS was decreased in AR0, AR6, and AR9. SOD, catalase and GPx were decreased by steaming processes. p-AMPK was decreased but SREBP-2, p-ACC, and HMGCR were increased by steaming processes. Histologic analysis showed that AR0 decreased liver fat accumulation. Conclusion : In conclusion, AR0 can be developed as a treatment for hyperlipemia. And it is required to research on antioxidant effect changes among different times steamed Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix.
Kyoung-Sae Na,Seon-Cheol Park,Sun-Jung Kwon,Minjae Kim,Hyoung-Jun Kim,Myungjae Baik,Jinmi Seol,Eun Ji An,Sang Min Lee,Eun-Jin Lee,Meerae Lim,Sung Joon Cho,Gwang Hun Kim,Nari Kim,Hong Jin Jeon,Jong-Woo 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.11
Objective Suicide is a huge nationwide problem that incurs a lot of socio-economic costs. Suicide also inflicts severe distress on the people left behind. The government of the Republic of Korea has been making many policy efforts to reduce suicide rate. The gatekeeper program, ‘Suicide CARE’, is one of the meaningful modalities for preventing suicide. Methods Multidisciplinary research team collaborated to update the ‘Suicide CARE’ to version 2.0. Results In the ‘Introductory part’, the authors have the time to think about the necessity and significance of the program before conducting full-scale gatekeeper training. In the ‘Careful observation’ part, trainees learn how to understand and recognize the various linguistic, behavioral, and situational signals that a person shows before committing suicide. In the ‘Active listening’ part, trainees learn how to ask suicide with a value-neutral attitude as well listening empathetically. In the ‘Risk evaluation and Expert referral’ part, trainees learn intervening strategies to identify a person’s suicidal intention, plan, and past suicide attempts, and connect the person to appropriate institutes or services. Conclusion Subsequent studies should be conducted to verify the efficacy of the gatekeeper program.
Seon-Cheol Park,Kyoung-Sae Na,Sun-Jung Kwon,Minjae Kim,Hyoung-Jun Kim,Myungjae Baik,Jinmi Seol,Eun Ji An,Sang Min Lee,Eun-Jin Lee,Meerae Lim,Sung Joon Cho,Gwang Hun Kim,Nari Kim,Hong Jin Jeon,Jong-Woo 대한신경정신의학회 2020 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.17 No.9
Objective In 2011, “Suicide CARE” (Standardized Suicide Prevention Program for Gatekeeper Intervention in Korea) was originally developed for the early detection of warning signs of suicide completion, since there is a tendency to regard emotional suppression as a virtue of Korean traditional culture. A total of 1.2 million individuals completed the training program of “Suicide CARE” in Korea. Methods More sophisticated suicide prevention approaches according to age, sex, and occupation have been proposed, demanding for a more detailed revision of “Suicide CARE.” Thus, during the period from August 2019 to February 2020, “Suicide CARE” has been updated to version 2.0. The assessments on domestic gatekeeper training programs for suicide prevention, international gatekeeper training programs for suicide prevention, psychological autopsy interview reports between 2015 and 2018, and the evaluation of feedback from people who completed “Suicide CARE” version 1.6 training were performed. Results We describe the revision process of “Suicide CARE,” revealing that “Suicide CARE” version 2.0 has been developed using an evidence-based methodology. Conclusion It is expected that “Suicide CARE” version 2.0 be positioned as the basic framework for many developing gatekeeper training programs for suicide prevention in Korea in the near future.