Hepatic lipase 유전자 promoter의 G-250A 다형성과 대사증후군간의 관련성

김명철,이명숙,유병철,이용환 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Background and Objectives: The -250G to A polymorphism of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) has been associated with lowered hepatic lipase activity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. The aims of this study were to elucidate the relationship of the G-250A polymorphism of LIPC with metabolic syndrome in Koreans. Methods: A total of 943 health screen examinees were enrolled in this study who were examined in Kosin University Gospel Hospital from December 2004 to February 2006. The height, weight, body mass index, body fat mass, visceral fat mass, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the subjects were examined and fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride were measured by sampling in venous blood. The metabolic syndrome was defined as the presence of three or more of the following : waist circumference men≥90 cm, women≥80 cm, blood pressure≥130/85 mmHg, fasting glucose≥110 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol men<40 mg/dL, women<50 mg/dL, triglyceride≥150 mg/dL. The blood pressure, fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride were evaluated by using the criteria of NECP ATP Ⅲ and waist circumference was assessed by using the criteria of WHO Asia-Western Pacific. The genotype at position -250 of the hepatic lipase promoter was determined by single base extension and electrophoresis. Results: The observed frequencies of the -250G to A polymorphism of LIPC were 49.8% for the metabolic syndrome, 51.4% for the control group and 50.9% in total subjects. The frequency of the A allele was 36% in total subjects. Concentration of triglyceride was significantly higher in subjects with GA and AA genotypes in women.. Conclusion: The -250A allele frequency was 36% in Koreans and the -250G to A polymorphism of LIPC seems to significantly influence to plasma triglyceride levels in women.

비ST분절상승 급성관동맥 증후군 환자에서 N-terminal Pro B-type Natriuretic Peptide(NT-proBNP)를 이용한 관동맥 협착의 중증도 및 초기 위험도 평가

김기석,한혜숙,황경국,연태진,김동운,조명찬 대한순환기학회 2004 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.34 No.2

남녀 고등학생의 교복과 자율복의 대한 태도 연구

김미정,김영숙,배지혜,신영옥,장명희,황인순 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1984 家政大論集 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude difference toward the school uniform, it was supposed that clothing acceptance was differentiated according to subjects. The subjects were grouped by 3 types which were students, teachers(school governors) and parents groups. The results were as follows; 1. Boy students reguired the more freedom of clothing than girls. 2. Teachers and parents groups considered that clothing affected student's behavior and self-esteem. 3. The acceptance of school plain dress was affected by atomosphere of home and school. 4. According to socioeconomic levels, there were differences in clothing acceptance and fashion acceptance.

조선후기 여성의 訴寃활동 : 孝明世子 大聰期기의 上言·擊錚을 중심으로 Based on Sangon(上言) and Kyukjang(擊錚) during the agency rolling period of Whyo-myung Crown Prince(孝明世子)

김명숙 동덕여자대학교 한국여성연구소 2002 젠더연구 Vol.- No.7

It is common knowledge that we so far have underestimated women`s role in history. When historians tell about critical and meaningful historical events, they never have paid more attention to women even though they were always in the middle of the history. That`s why I started this study. Sangon(上言; presenting a written petition to the king) and Kyukjang(擊錚; striking a gong for the direct petition to the king), petition systems for resolving people`s grievance, were most activated in the reign of King Chongjo in Chos6n dynasty. The system was declined during the period of political power in 19th century; however, women made active use of Sang6n and Kyukjang in order to resolve their grievance while petition system was facilitated during the agency rolling period of Whyo-myung Crown Prince. 473 Sangon and Kyukjang were proposed during the agency rolling period of Whyo-myung Crown Prince. Among them, nearly 68 petitions (Sangon: 5, Kyukjang: 63) were mainly proposed by women, which account for approximately 14% of the total petitions. This is not low numerical value considering Choson dynasty when women were restricted to social activities. Women`s petition activity features as follows; common women played a leading role in facilitating the system in comparison with noble women, and 4/5 of their grievance from social unjustness were related to murder and treason in connection with their husbands, children and parents, and Minun (民隱; people`s suffering from socio-economic problems) were decreased compared with the reign of King Ch6ngjo. There was no ganun(于恩; asking an act of grace), which means women could hardly participate in family affairs in commemoration of ancestor`s pious act in men-centered Choson dynasty. In the patriarch-centered society of the late Choson dynasty, women made a protest against unjustness and unfairness in writing or physically in order to resolve their grievance and claimed their rights when all their male members of the family were scattered because of punishment or exile to a remote area. The moment people`s rights are extended in late Choson dynasty, in other words, women also participated in the 'right' social activities as a part.

흰쥐 중추신경계내 난소로 투사하는 미주신경로에 관한 연구

김명주,장명세,고미희,노해숙,조해영,오문유,이봉희 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 2001 基礎科學硏究 Vol.14 No.1

본 실험은 부교감신경의 하나인 미주신경이 난소를 지배하는 신경으로 관여하고 있는지를 pseudorabies 바이러스를 이용하여 난소신경로와 난소주사후 미주신경절단을 통하여 조사한 연구 보고이다. 이를 위하여 Sprague Dawley계 암흰쥐를 대상으로 pseudorabies 바이러스를 난소에 주사한 무리와 난소 주사후 미주신경을 절단한 무리에서 뇌를 적출하여 pseudorabies 바이러스에 대한 면역조직화학 염색을 시행하여 비교하였다. 본 실험결과 미주신경 중추신경로내의 상위신경핵들이 pseudorabied 바이러스에 대하여 양성반응이 줄어들었거나 관찰되지 않는 차이를 보였다. 즉 적색핵, 종말판혈관기관, 줄무늬체, 침상핵과 이마엽겉질은 부분적으로 난소의 미주신경로에 관여하고 있으며 미주신경등쪽핵, 고립로핵, 최후영역, 청색반점, 팔옆핵, 코리케퓨즈핵, 흑색질 및 시각교차위핵은 양성반응이 관찰되지 않아 미주신경으로 투사하는 부교감신경핵으로 조사되었다. The mammalian ovary has been known as receiving its innervation by sympathetic and sensory neurons of the peripheral nervous system from the brain. Recently, there were several functional reports that the vagus nerves were also regulating the ovarian function, but the vagus nerve had not been identified by clear morphological evidence. A viral transneuronal tracing technique has been used to demonstrate the morphological evidence for the central vagal involvement in ovarian innervation in brain areas. Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus injection was made into the ovary of Sprague Dawley rats. In experimental group, the vagus nerve of the same injection side was removed right after ovarian injection. At five days after initial injection, all the rats were sacrificed and brains were processed for immunohistochemistry. Several central nuclei including hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus showed strong bilateral positive labelings after unilateral injection in control rats, but the positive labelings were disappeared or decreased in several hypothalamic nuclei and nuclei of the vagus nerve. I n conclusion, these results provide the morphological evidence that vagus nerve has neural connection to ovary and by which the central nervous system may maintains the state of ovulation and reproduction as a possible parasympathetic routes in mammals.

1920년대 신여성 등장 배경

김명숙 동덕여자대학교 학생생활연구소 2006 젠더연구 Vol.- No.11

Modern women who appeared in United Kingdom in 1890's became social phenomenon and cultural token all over the world in 1920's. Women in 1920's, which is perceived to be typical era for outlet of modern spirit, called themselves 'modern women' insisting extension of general job training, economic independence, and equality between male and female so that the time was awakening era for women to be reconsider their images. They have changed all the value, code, system, and cultural aspect surrounding traditional manner of sex, marriage, and family in a great deal. It was perceived to be understood as challenge towards modern society and male-centered world. Modern women who showed up in Korea in 1920's were not the exceptional case. However, considering the fact that Chosun was under the rein of Japanese at that time, they have characteristics of combination between Japanese modern women in 1910's and that of 1920's. They as progressive and liberal actively supported and practiced modern feminism such as the principle of the emancipation of women, free love, and freedom of sexual love came in Korea in 1920's ~ 30's by western feminism thinkers such as Ibsen, Bevel, Ellen Key, and Kollontay who affected women's liberation movement. Chosun as a colony thought of modern place as western world (or western perceived through Japan). Sometimes Japan was understood as the equal terminology of modern world. The new life-style they pursued was in fact pursuit of Americanism. The term, Americanism combined by technology, equality, efficiency, social mobility, usefulness, physicality, and collectivity was what modern women who were the token of modern world wanted to enjoy.

상행 대동맥을 이환한 대동맥 벽내출혈과 대동맥 박리의 임상적 비교

김현숙,송재관,강덕현,김준,이철환,홍명기,김재중,박성욱,박승정 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.4

고정성 교정장치를 이용한 치아이동시 발생되는 마찰력

조명숙,김종철 대한치과교정학회 1990 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Tooth movement would be impeded by frictional force arised between archwire and tube, bracket or elastics in the fixed orthodontic appliances, which could be changed variably by such several factors as the contact area, normal(perpendicular) force and the condition of contact surface. There were many literatures about frictional force in the orthodontic region, but different results were obtained from little controlled research so that was very difficult in clinical application. Therefore we have reviewed comprehensively previous literatures about frictional force and thus several results were obtained as follows: 1. For use species of the orthodontic wire, frictional force was influenced mainly by surface roughness of wire in the absence of binding, while that was influenced mainly by normal force in high binding angulation. 2. For the cross-section and diameter of the wire, the contact area influenced mainly on frictional force in the absence of binding, while wire stiffness influenced mainly on frictional force in high binding angulation. 3. The greater the bracket width, the greater frictional force, and frictional force of the plastic bracket was larger than that of the metal bracket. 4. For ligation type, frictional force of the stainless steel ligation was larger than that of the elastic ligation, and frictional force was directly proportional to ligation force. 5. Variable frictional force were occured from the saliva combined with such another factors as normal force and mode of surface oxide et al.

Bisphosphonate와 Indomethacin이 백서 치조골의 골개조에 미치는 영향

조명숙,김종철 대한치과교정학회 1996 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.26 No.2

본 실험은 서로 다른 기전으로 골흡수를 억제한다고 추정되는 약제인 bisphosphonate와 indomethacin을 백서에 투여한 후 교정력을 이용한 치아이동시 약제가 골개조에 미치는 영향을 밝히고자 시행되었다. 동일한 조건에서 사육된 체중 260-300g의 웅성백서(Sprague-DawleyrP)를 대조군, bisphosphonate 투여군 및 indomethacin 투여군으로 분류하고 각 군은 다시 장치를 장착한 실험측과 장치를 장착하지 않은 대조측으로 분류하였다. Bisphosphonate(6.3mg/kg,2.52x10 mol/L)와 indomethacin(9mg/kg, 2.52x10 mol/L)은 교정장치 장착 6시간 전, 1시간 전 및 24시간 후에 복강내 주사하였으며, 교정력이 가해진 시점으로부터 72시간이 경과한 후 파골세포수를 측정하고 조직학적인 성상을 관찰하였다. 또한 혈액을 채취한 후 혈청 acid phosphatase ac lactate dehydrogenase 양을 측정하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 실험측의 파골세포수는 장치장착 1시간 전에 투여한 bisphosphonaterns과 indomethacinrns에서 가장 적게 나타났으며, 다른 시간의 약물 투여군은 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 대조측의 파골세포수는 실험측보다 현저히 적게 나타났으며, 대조군 및 약물투여군간에 차이가 없었다. 대조군과 6시간 전 및 24시간 후에 투여한 indomethacin군은 심한 골흡수 양상을 보인 반면 1시간전 indomethacinrns 및 모든 bisphosphonate군에서는 골흡수의 정도가 적었다. 파골세포의 주름변연과 투명대는 대조군 및 indomethacin군에서 가장 뚜렷하게 나타났으며, bisphosphonate 투여군에서는 일부 파골세포들이 무딘 세포돌기만을 내거나 골표면에 부착하지 않고 있는 경우가 많았다. Bisphosphonate와 indomethacin 투여군 모두에서 acid phosphatase 및 lactate dehydrogenase 값이 대조군보다 낮았으며, acid phosphatase 값은 bisphosphonaterns이 indomethacinrns보다 낮았으나 lactate dehydrogenase 값은 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 bisphosphonate는 파골세포의 수 및 대사활동을 감소시키며 indomethacin은 파골세포의 수를 감소시킴을 알 수 있었다. 또한 두 약물을 비교하면 bisphosphonate는 indomethacin에 비해 골흡수 억제효과가 더 크며 투여시간에 따른 제약도 더 적은 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of bisphosphonate and indomethacin, blockers of bone resorption with different mechanisms, on alveolar bone remodeling. Male rats were divided into control, bisphosphonate and indomethacin groups, and then each group was divided into an experimental side and a control side according to the force application. Bisphosphonate(6.3mg/kg,2.52x10 mol/L) and indomethacin (9mg/kg, 2.52x10 mol/L) were injected 6 hours and I hour before or 24 hours after the force application. The rats were killed 72 hours after the force application and histologic examination was perfomed. The values of serum acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were also measured in the control and experimental groups treated with bisphosphonate or indomethacin 1 hour before the force application. In the experimental side, the least number of osteoclasts was noted in the groups treated 1 hour before the force application with indomethacin or bisphosphonate, while there were no differences between the control and the groups treated with drugs 6 hours before or 24 hours after the force application. In the control side, the number of osteoclasts was not inecreased with no differences among the groups. Histologic examination revealed a severe alveolar bone resorption in the control group and the groups treated with indomethacin 6 hours before or 24 hours after the force application. Indomethacin treatment 1 hour before the force application and bisphosphonate treatment at any time significantly attenuated the bone resorption. Electron microscopically, ruffled border and clear zone of osteoclasts were observed in the control and indomethacin groups, while some osteoclasts were detached from the bone surface and exhibited dull cellular projections in the bisphosphonate groups. The bisphosphonate and indomethacin groups showed lower values of acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase than the control group. The acid phosphatase value in the bisphosphonate group was lower than that in the indomethacin group, whereas there was no difference in the lactate dehydrogenase value between the groups. These results suggest that bisphosphonate reduces the activity of osteoclasts as well as the number of osteoclasts and that indomethacin reduces the number of osteoclasts without affecting the activity of osteoclasts. Bisphosphonate has a larger inhibitory effect on bone resorption and thus less limitation in the application time than indomethacin.

상악 중절치 결손을 동반한 골격성 Ⅱ급 부정교합 환자의 치험예

조명숙,김종철 대한치과교정학회 1989 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.19 No.2

The causes of the missing teeth are classified as congenital missing, trauma and extraction due to dental caries, variable problems are occured clinically by the missing teeth. The missing of the upper incisors especially would assume a serious aspect, and could be treated by three methods of orthodomtic treatment, prosthodontic treatment and autotrans-plantation of the premolar teeth. The patient of this report had the skeletal class II malocclusion with the left upper central incisor missing, and have been treated with the fixed applianc after extraction of the right upper central incisor and both lower second premolars. The result were obtained as follows: 1. Treatment was done 1 year 6 months. 2. Normal overbite and overjet were achieved. 3. Cuspal interdigitation was obtained normally. 4. Space problem was resolved with resin restoration of the upper lateral incisors. 5. The upper canfles were used as the upper laterals after cuspal contouring. 6. Retention would be required with adequate retainers for a long time to prevent relapsing after treatment.