Biological Control of Apple Ring Rot on Fruit by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 9001

Li, Yan,Han, Li-Rong,Zhang, Yuanyuan,Fu, Xuechi,Chen, Xinyi,Zhang, Lixia,Mei, Ruhong,Wang, Qi The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.2

Apple ring rot disease, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug. ex. Fr) Ces. et de Not., is one of the most important diseases on apple fruits. In this study, strain 9001 isolated from healthy apple fruits from an infested orchard was evaluated for its biocontrol activity against apple ring rot in vitro and in vivo. Strain 9001 showed obvious antagonistic activity to B. dothidea YL-1 when plated on potato dextrose agar. Soaking healthy apples in the bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 prior to artificial inoculation of fungal pathogen resulted in a dramatic decrease in disease incidence when compared to the control. Moreover, either field application in the growth season or postharvest treatment of apples from infected orchards with bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 resulted in significantly reduced disease incidence within the storage period for 4 months at room temperature. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and the gyrA gene, strain 9001 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. These results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens 9001 could be a promising agent in biocontrol of apple ring rot on fruit, which might help to minimize the yield loss of apple fruit during the long postharvest period.

Contact modeling and stiffness of a rough surface under mixed lubrication condition

Ling Li,Litai Sun,Jingjing Wang,Benshuai He,Chongqing Fan,Lixia Li,Miaoxia Xie 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.2

A method of using a quadratic function of rotary asperities to be equivalent to asperity is established based on a measurement experiment on rough surface topography. A micro-contact model of a rough surface that includes elastic, elastic-plastic, and pure plastic deformation states is re-derived using the theory of contact mechanics and the method of probability statistics. A rough surface contact stiffness model under mixed lubrication is proposed in accordance with the rough surface contact stiffness, which consists of solid surface and lubrication medium contact stiffness. The influence of the lubrication medium, solid material, and asperity size parameters on contact stiffness is analyzed. Results show that elastic modulus, acoustic impedance, and the size parameters of the asperities of the solid part are the main factors that affect the contact stiffness of the solid part. The acoustic impedance of the lubricating medium mainly affects the contact stiffness of the lubrication part. The contact stiffness of the rough surface under mixed lubrication is a superposition of the solid and lubrication parts, and it is greater than that without the lubrication medium. The model established in this study fully considers the deformation state in practical engineering, which includes asperities and the lubrication state of rough surfaces. It provides a reference for the performance prediction of mechanical surfaces.

Biological Control of Apple Ring Rot on Fruit by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 9001

Yan Li,Li-Rong Han,Yuanyuan Zhang,Xuechi Fu,Ruhong Mei,Qi Wang,Lixia Zhang,Xinyi Chen 한국식물병리학회 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.2

Apple ring rot disease, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug. ex. Fr) Ces. et de Not., is one of the most important diseases on apple fruits. In this study, strain 9001 isolated from healthy apple fruits from an infested orchard was evaluated for its biocontrol activity against apple ring rot in vitro and in vivo. Strain 9001 showed obvious antagonistic activity to B. dothidea YL-1 when plated on potato dextrose agar. Soaking healthy apples in the bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 prior to artificial inoculation of fungal pathogen resulted in a dramatic decrease in disease incidence when compared to the control. Moreover, either field application in the growth season or postharvest treatment of apples from infected orchards with bacterial suspensions of strain 9001 resulted in significantly reduced disease incidence within the storage period for 4 months at room temperature. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and the gyrA gene, strain 9001 was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. These results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens 9001 could be a promising agent in biocontrol of apple ring rot on fruit, which might help to minimize the yield loss of apple fruit during the long postharvest period.

Molecular detection and genetic diversity of bovine papillomavirus in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China

Qingling Meng,Chengcheng Ning,Lixia Wang,Yan Ren,Jie Li,Chencheng Xiao,Yanfang Li,Zhiyuan Li,Zhihao He,Xuepeng Cai,Jun Qiao 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.4

Background: Bovine papillomatosis is a type of proliferative tumor disease of skin and mucosae caused by bovine papillomavirus (BPV). As a transboundary and emerging disease in cattle, it poses a potential threat to the dairy industry. Objectives: The aim of this study is to detect and clarify the genetic diversity of BPV circulating in dairy cows in Xinjiang, China. Methods: 122 papilloma skin lesions from 8 intensive dairy farms located in different regions of Xinjiang, China were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The genetic evolution relationships of various types of BPVs were analyzed by examining this phylogenetic tree. Results: Ten genotypes of BPV (BPV1, BPV2, BPV3, BPV6, BPV7, BPV8, BPV10, BPV11, BPV13, and BPV14) were detected and identified in dairy cows. These were the first reported detections of BPV13 and BPV14 in Xinjiang, Mixed infections were detected, and there were geographical differences in the distribution of the BPV genotypes. Notably, the BPV infection rate among young cattle (< 1-year-old) developed from the same supply of frozen sperm was higher than that of the other young cows naturally raised under the same environmental conditions. Conclusions: Genotyping based on the L1 gene of BPV showed that BPVs circulating in Xinjiang China displayed substantial genetic diversity. This study provided valuable data at the molecular epidemiology level, which is conducive to developing deep insights into the genetic diversity and pathogenic characteristics of BPVs in dairy cows.

The Heuristic Algorithm of Wavelet Image Denoising Based on Rough Set

Song Lan,Lei Lixia,Li Haisheng,Hong Wang 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.6

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to explore image denoising for patch based image process. The importance measurement model of Rough Entropy and the importance reduction method of wavelet coefficients are given. This paper combines the rough set theory with the denoising method of wavelet threshold, regarding the high-frequency information blocks in the transform domain as similar ones, and adopting importance Reduction Methods to contract the coefficients. The simulation results show that this method is effective.

TNF-α-Induced SOX5 Upregulation Is Involved in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through KLF4 Signal Pathway

Lijun Xu,Lili Zheng,Zhifang Wang,Chong Li,Shan Li,Xuedi Xia,Pengyan Zhang,Li Li,Lixia Zhang 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.6

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common sys-temic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration. Although differentially expressed SOX5 has been found in bone marrow from ovariectomized mice, its role in osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow in PMOP remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological function of SOX5 and explore its molecular mechanism in hMSCs from patients with PMOP. Our findings showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOX5 were upregulated in hMSCs isolated from bone marrow samples of PMOP patients. We also found that SOX5 overexpression decreased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the gene expression of osteoblast markers including Collagen I, Runx2 and Osterix, which were increased by SOX5 knockdown using RNA interference. Furthermore, TNF- notably upregulated the SOX5 mRNA expression level, and SOX5 knockdown reversed the effect of TNF- on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. In addition, SOX5 overexpression increased Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene expression, which was decreased by SOX5 silencing. KLF4 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effect of SOX5 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that TNF--induced SOX5 upregulation inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs through KLF4 signal pathway, suggesting that SOX5 might be a novel therapeutic target for PMOP treatment.

TNF-α-Induced SOX5 Upregulation Is Involved in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through KLF4 Signal Pathway

Xu, Lijun,Zheng, Lili,Wang, Zhifang,Li, Chong,Li, Shan,Xia, Xuedi,Zhang, Pengyan,Li, Li,Zhang, Lixia Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.6

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration. Although differentially expressed SOX5 has been found in bone marrow from ovariectomized mice, its role in osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow in PMOP remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological function of SOX5 and explore its molecular mechanism in hMSCs from patients with PMOP. Our findings showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOX5 were upregulated in hMSCs isolated from bone marrow samples of PMOP patients. We also found that SOX5 overexpression decreased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the gene expression of osteoblast markers including Collagen I, Runx2 and Osterix, which were increased by SOX5 knockdown using RNA interference. Furthermore, $TNF-{\alpha}$ notably upregulated the SOX5 mRNA expression level, and SOX5 knockdown reversed the effect of $TNF-{\alpha}$ on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. In addition, SOX5 overexpression increased Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene expression, which was decreased by SOX5 silencing. KLF4 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effect of SOX5 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced SOX5 upregulation inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs through KLF4 signal pathway, suggesting that SOX5 might be a novel therapeutic target for PMOP treatment.

Testicular Characteristics and the Block to Spermatogenesis in Mature Hinny

Han, Hongmei,Wang, Aihong,Liu, Liming,Zhao, Gaoping,Su, Jie,Wang, Biao,Li, Yunxia,Zhang, Jindun,Wu, Baojiang,Sun, Wei,Hu, Shuxiang,Li, Shuyu,Zhao, Lixia,Li, Xihe Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.6

Most hinnies (female donkey${\times}$male horse) and mules (female horse${\times}$male donkey) are sterile with few reports of equine fertile hybrids. The main cause of this sterility is thought to be a meiotic block to spermatogenesis and oogenesis. This study compared the developmental features of the testes and a histological analyses of spermatogenesis in a male hinny with those of a normal, fertile stallion and Jack donkey. Hinny testes showed a thicker tunica albuginea, fewer blood vessels and more connective tissue in the testis parenchyma than those of the stallion and Jack donkey. Although the mean number of seminiferous tubules was significantly higher in stallion and hinny than Jack donkey (p<0.01), the mean proportion of seminiferous tubules was lower in the hinny (p<0.01) which resulted in a smaller diameter of seminiferous tubules. The mean number of spermatogonia and spermatocytes per unit area were significantly lower in hinny testis (p<0.01) and no spermatids or mature spermatozoa cells were found during immunofluorescent analyses. These results indicated that defects in seminiferous tubule development and structure occur in the testis of hinnies. Furthermore, most spermatogonia and spermatocytes cease development in synapsis during mid-meiosis of spermatocytes, which results in a block to spermatogenesis that prevents the formation of spermatids and matured spermatozoa during meiosis in male hinnies.

China’s Foreign Aid

Li Xiaoyun,Ma Jiewen,Tang Lixia 한국국제협력단 2013 국제개발협력 Vol.2013 No.4

Apple residues derived porous carbon nanosheets synthesized with FeCl3 assisted hydrothermal carbonization for supercapacitors with high rate performance

Li Qiqi,Zhang Yingnan,Song Ya,Yang Huawei,Yang Lixia,Bai Liangjiu,Wei Donglei,Wang Wenxiang,Liang Ying,Chen Hou 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.2

Biomass carbon materials with high rate capacity have great potential to boost supercapacitors with cost effective, fast charging–discharging performance and high safety requirements, yet currently suffers from a lack of targeted preparation methods. Here we propose a facile FeCl3 assisted hydrothermal carbonization strategy to prepare ultra-high rate biomass carbon from apple residues (ARs). In the preparation process, ARs were first hydrothermally carbonized into a porous precursor which embedded by Fe species, and then synchronously graphitized and activated to form biocarbon with a large special surface area (2159.3 m2 g−1) and high degree of graphitization. The material exhibited a considerable specific capacitance of 297.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and outstanding capacitance retention of 85.7% at 10 A g−1 in 6 M KOH, and moreover, achieved an energy density of 16.2 Wh kg−1 with the power density of 350.3 W kg−1. After 8000 cycles, an initial capacitance of 95.2% was maintained. Our findings provide a new idea for boosting the rate capacity of carbon-based electrode materials.