Tight Focusing Characteristics of Circularly Polarized Bessel-Gauss Beams with Fractional-order Vortex Modulation

Lingyu Wang,Yu Miao,Mingzhu Xu,Xiumin Gao 한국광학회 2023 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.7 No.2

Radially polarized beams with the ability to generate a sub-wavelength sized spot in a longitudinal field provides significant applications in microscopic imaging, optical tweezers, lithography and so on. However, this excellent property can also be achieved based on conventional circularly polarized beams. Here, we demonstrate its ability to create a strong longitudinal field by comparing the tight focusing characteristics of fractional-order vortex modulated radial polarized and left-handed circular polarized Bessel-Gauss beams. Additionally, the possibility of generating arbitrary fractional-order vortex modulated Bessel-Gauss beams with a strong longitudinal field is demonstrated. A special modulation method of left-handed circularly polarized Bessel-Gauss beams modulated by a fractional-order vortex is adopted creatively and a series of regulation laws are obtained. Specifically, the fractional-order phase modulation parameter n can accurately control the number of optical lobes. The ratio of the pupil radius to the incident beam waist β 1 can control the radius of the optical lobes. The first-order Bessel function amplitude modulation parameter β 2 can control the number of layers of optical lobes. This work not only adds a new modulation method for optical micromanipulation and optical communication, but also enriches the research on fractional vortex beams which has very important academic significance.

Impact of Grafting Density on the Self-Assembly and Hydrophilicity of Succinylated Collagen

Wenxin Wang,Feiyi Shu,Lingyu Pan,Shanshan Huang,Xiao Tu,Ping Li,Siman Li,Yuanyuan Li,Chengzhi Xu,Yang Sun,Juntao Zhang,Haibo Wang 한국고분자학회 2020 Macromolecular Research Vol.28 No.6

Modification of protein could give their new functionality but would affect their intrinsic property and activity. In this paper, a series of succinylated collagen (SCol(n/1)) (n≥1) were prepared by modification of collagen with succinic anhydride at different molar ratio to amino groups amount of collagen. The impact of grafting density on the intrinsic self-assembly and additional hydrophilicity of succinylated collagen was explored. The results revealed that excessive grafting density of succinylated collagen would improve their hydrophilicity but weaken their self-assembly property, although the triple helix of collagen could be reserved after succinylation. SCol(1/1) (grafting density of 17%) with self-assembly property and good hydrophilicity was chosen to compare with native collagen. Compared to native collagen, thermostability of SCol(1/1) decreased slightly, however, SCol(1/1) could form softer hydrogel, which was more favorable for the proliferation of NIH/3 T3. The present work would help us to further understand the importance of grafting density for the design of modified collagen with intrinsic self-assembly property and additional new functionality.

Influence of chlorinated disinfection by-products on transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in biofilms and water of a simulated drinking water distribution system

Minglu Zhang,Lingyue Zhang,Kaizong Lin,Yue Wang,Shaofeng Xu,Miao Bai,Hairong Jiang,Shuangling Wang,Yongjing Wang,Can Zhang 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.4

The spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) caused by biofilm growth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) poses a serious threat to human health. The influence of disinfection by-products (DBPs) on the distribution of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in different phases (biofilms and water) of DWDSs is unclear. In this study, the characteristics of microbial indices, trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), ARGs and MGEs in biofilms and effluents of simulated DWDS reactors were detected during 150 d of operation. During the mature biofilm periods of 90 d or 120 d, for both biofilms and effluents, seven categories of ARGs (except tetracycline) and MGEs were at their highest and lowest relative abundance in the entire operation cycle, respectively. The influence of DBPs on ARGs and MGEs in the DWDS was different in different phases. In effluents, DBPs showed a stronger relationship with ARGs compared with MGEs. THMs and HAAs had positive correlations with various ARGs, which indicated that DBPs affected the distribution of resistance genes. In biofilms, the influence of MGEs on ARGs was stronger than that of DBPs on ARGs. Thus, DBPs might be an important contributor to the enrichment and spread of ARGs in water.

An equivalent stiffness (ES) method for initial design of tube-based energy absorbers under lateral quasi-static compression

Lingyu Sun,Dingxin Leng,Juanjuan Sun,Yi Lin,Dengfeng Wang 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.2

A tube is often applied as an energy absorber in structures subject to impact loads. However, when several tubes are combined to absorbenergy, how to arrange these tubes and match their dimensions has not been investigated. We provide a novel equivalent stiffness(ES) method for the initial design of tube-based energy absorbers, in which each tube is expressed by an equivalent spring with averagepost-buckling stiffness, and these springs are connected in series or parallel or hybrid. The plastic deformation and strain energy are distributedamong them according to their relative ES value. The relationship between plastic energy and post-buckling stiffness is derivedanalytically and verified numerically. Finally, an application example is provided and the optimal tube arrangement and dimensions areobtained by combining the proposed ES method with an optimization code. The results demonstrate that this method can provide aninitial design of tube-based energy absorbers efficiently.

Characterization of a Strain of Malva Vein Clearing Virus in Alcea rosea via Deep Sequencing

Defu Wang,Liyan Cui,Yanni Pei,Zhennan Ma,Shaofei Shen,Dandan Long,Lingyu Li,Yanbing Niu 한국식물병리학회 2020 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.36 No.5

Malva vein clearing virus (MVCV) is a member of the Potyvirus species, and has a negative impact on the aesthetic development of Alcea rosea. It was first reported in Germany in 1957, but its complete genome sequence data are still scarce. In the present work, A. rosea leaves with vein-clearing and mosaic symptoms were sampled and analyzed with small RNA deep sequencing. By denovo assembly the raw sequences of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRs) and whole genome amplification of malva vein cleaning virus SX strain (MVCVSX) by specific primers targeting identified contig gaps, the full-length genome sequences (9,645 nucleotides) of MVCV-SX were characterized, constituting of an open reading frame that is long enough to encode 3,096 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis showed that MVCVSX was clustered with euphorbia ringspot virus and yam mosaic virus. Further analyses of the vsiR profiles revealed that the most abundant MVCV-vsiRs were between 21 and 22 nucleotides in length and a strong bias was found for “A” and “U” at the 5′-terminal residue. The results of polarity assessment indicated that the amount of sense strand was almost equal to that of the antisense strand in MVCV-vsiRs, and the main hot-spot region in MVCV-SX genome was found at cylindrical inclusion. In conclusion, our findings could provide new insights into the RNA silencing-mediated host defence mechanism in A. rosea infected with MVCV-SX, and offer a basis for the prevention and treatment of this virus disease.

The Assessment of Arsenic Availability in Soils Using the In-Situ Diffusion Gradients in Thin Films Technique (dgt) - A Comparison Study of Dgt and the Typical Extraction Methods

Jinjin Wang,Lingyu Bai,Xibai Zeng,Shiming Su,Ran Duan,Yuanyuan Sun 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Rumex hanus by. Extract Protects Against Chronic Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice

Meizi Piao,Fengwu Wang,Lingyue Shan,Yang Deng,Tiejun Chen 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.7

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become a global health problem. The hepatoprotective effects of bioactive ingredients extracted from Rumex hanus by. on chronic alcoholic liver injury was investigated for the first time. The extract from R. hanus by. (ERHB) was obtained by 70% ethanol extraction, and the endotoxin antagonism rate of ERHB was 88.94 ± 1.24% in vitro. The animal experiments demonstrated that ERHB promoted hepatic function by significantly enhancing the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, and by reducing the activities of cytochrome P450 proteins, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Furthermore, ERHB improved alcohol-induced dyslipidemia by regulating lipid metabolism. In addition, ERHB ameliorated the alcohol-induced liver injury by inhibiting endotoxin-caused inflammation. Seven compounds with antagonistic activity on endotoxin were identified in ERHB. These results demonstrated that ERHB had protective effects on ALD and if the results can be confirmed in humans, it might be useful as a functional food supplement for ALD treatment.

Shelf Life Prediction of ‘Royal Gala’ Apples Based on Quality Attributes and Storage Temperature

Mengke Cao,Dong Wang,Lingyu Qiu,Xiaolin Ren,Huiling Ma 한국원예학회 2021 원예과학기술지 Vol.39 No.3

Phenotypic changes caused by postharvest deterioration of the quality attributes of apples cause substantial economic losses. Thus, strategies for accurate prediction of the shelf life of apples is urgently needed. In each of the three consecutive years from 2016 to 2018, freshly harvested ‘Royal Gala’ apples were stored at 0, 5, 15, and 25°C, respectively. Subsequently, 11 quality attributes were measured at periodic intervals until the end of storage. To screen fewer and more useful indexes, three input datasets were considered: temperature, color value (L*, a*, b*, △E, and C*), weight loss, firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, starch, and reducing ascorbic acid (D1). The key quality attributes were screened by sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) (D2) and correlation analysis (CA) (D3), using shelf life as the output layer of the artificial neural network based on the back propagation (BP ANN) model. The results showed that the correlation coefficients (r) of the predicted and measured shelf life for D1, D2, and D3 were 0.996, 0.997, and 0.993, respectively, while the mean relative errors were 0.071, 0.074, and 0.074, respectively. Meanwhile, the relative percent root mean square (RMS) values were 0.088, 0.092, and 0.112, respectively. The application of SPCA reduced the quality attributes for the input dataset from 12 to 6. Therefore, SPCA-BP ANN was shown to be a useful model for accurate prediction of the postharvest shelf life of ‘Royal Gala’ apples.

FAR INFRARED AND SUBMILLIMETRE SURVEYS: FROM IRAS TO AKARI, HERSCHEL AND PLANCK

Michael Rowan-Robinson,Lingyu Wang 한국천문학회 2017 天文學論叢 Vol.32 No.1

We discuss a new IRAS Faint Source Catalog galaxy redshift catalogue (RIFSCz) whichincorporates data from Galex, SDSS, 2MASS, WISE, AKARI and Planck. AKARI fluxes are consistent with photometry from other far infrared andsubmillimetre missions provided an aperture correction is applied. Results from the Hermes-SWIRE survey in Lockman are also discussedbriefly, and the strong contrast between the galaxy populations selected at60 and 500 μm is summarized.

Host Langerin (CD207) is a receptor for <i>Yersinia pestis</i> phagocytosis and promotes dissemination

Yang, Kun,Park, Chae G,Cheong, Cheolho,Bulgheresi, Silvia,Zhang, Shusheng,Zhang, Pei,He, Yingxia,Jiang, Lingyu,Huang, Hongping,Ding, Honghui,Wu, Yiping,Wang, Shaogang,Zhang, Lin,Li, Anyi,Xia, Lianxu,B Nature Publishing Group 2015 Immunology and Cell Biology Vol. No.

<P><I>Yersinia pestis</I> is a Gram‐negative bacterium that causes plague. After <I>Y. pestis</I> overcomes the skin barrier, it encounters antigen‐presenting cells (APCs), such as Langerhans and dendritic cells. They transport the bacteria from the skin to the lymph nodes. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in bacterial transmission are unclear. Langerhans cells (LCs) express Langerin (CD207), a calcium‐dependent (C‐type) lectin. Furthermore, <I>Y. pestis</I> possesses exposed core oligosaccharides. In this study, we show that <I>Y. pestis</I> invades LCs and Langerin‐expressing transfectants. However, when the bacterial core oligosaccharides are shielded or truncated, <I>Y. pestis</I> propensity to invade Langerhans and Langerin‐expressing cells decreases. Moreover, the interaction of <I>Y. pestis</I> with Langerin‐expressing transfectants is inhibited by purified Langerin, a DC‐SIGN (DC‐specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3 grabbing nonintegrin)‐like molecule, an anti‐CD207 antibody, purified core oligosaccharides and several oligosaccharides. Furthermore, covering core oligosaccharides reduces the mortality associated with murine infection by adversely affecting the transmission of <I>Y. pestis</I> to lymph nodes. These results demonstrate that direct interaction of core oligosaccharides with Langerin facilitates the invasion of LCs by <I>Y. pestis</I>. Therefore, Langerin‐mediated binding of <I>Y. pestis</I> to APCs may promote its dissemination and infection.</P>