Cytological, genetic, and proteomic analysis of a sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) mutant Siyl‑1 with yellow–green leaf color

Tong‑Mei Gao,Shuang‑Ling Wei,Jing Chen,Yin Wu,Feng Li,Li‑Bin Wei,Chun Li,Yan‑Juan Zeng,Yuan Tian,Dong‑Yong Wang,Hai‑Yang Zhang 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.1

Background Both photosynthetic pigments and chloroplasts in plant leaf cells play an important role in deciding on the photosynthetic capacity and efficiency in plants. Systematical investigating the regulatory mechanism of chloroplast development and chlorophyll (Chl) content variation is necessary for clarifying the photosynthesis mechanism for crops. Objective This study aims to explore the critical regulatory mechanism of leaf color mutation in a yellow–green leaf sesame mutant Siyl-1. Methods We performed the genetic analysis of the yellow-green leaf color mutation using the F2 population of the mutant Siyl-1. We compared the morphological structure of the chloroplasts, chlorophyll content of the three genotypes of the mutant F2 progeny. We performed the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and compared the protein expression variation between the mutant progeny and the wild type. Results Genetic analysis indicated that there were 3 phenotypes of the F2 population of the mutant Siyl-1, i.e., YY type with light-yellow leaf color (lethal); Yy type with yellow-green leaf color, and yy type with normal green leaf color. The yellowgreen mutation was controlled by an incompletely dominant nuclear gene, Siyl-1. Compared with the wild genotype, the chloroplast number and the morphological structure in YY and Yy mutant lines varied evidently. The chlorophyll content also significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The 2-DE comparison showed that there were 98 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) among YY, Yy, and yy lines. All the 98 DEPs were classified into 5 functional groups. Of which 82.7% DEPs proteins belonged to the photosynthesis and energy metabolism group. Conclusion The results revealed the genetic character of yellow-green leaf color mutant Siyl-1. 98 DEPs were found in YY and Yy mutant compared with the wild genotype. The regulation pathway related with the yellow leaf trait mutation in sesame was analyzed for the first time. The findings supplied the basic theoretical and gene basis for leaf color and chloroplast development mechanism in sesame.

Associations between the rs6010620 Polymorphism in RTEL1 and Risk of Glioma: a Meta-analysis of 20,711 Participants

Wu, Yao,Tong, Xiang,Tang, Ling-Li,Zhou, Kai,Zhong, Chuan-Hong,Jiang, Shu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.17

Background: Associations between the rs6010620 polymorphism in the regulator of telomere elongation helicase1 (RTEL1) gene and glioma have been widely reported but the results were not inconclusive. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between the rs6010620 polymorphism in RTEL1 gene and risk of glioma by meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Weipu and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases, which included all research published 05 May 2014. A total of 8,292 cases and 12,419 controls from 14 case-control studies involving the rs6010620 polymorphism in the RTEL1 gene were included. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. Results: The results indicated that the rs6010620 polymorphism in RTEL1 gene was indeed associated with risk of glioma (OR=1.474, 95%CI=1.282-1.694, p<0.001). On subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we found associations between the rs6010620 polymorphism in the RTEL1 gene and risk of glioma in both Caucasians and Asians. Conclusions: The current meta-analysis suggested that the rs6010620 polymorphism in the RTEL1 gene might increase risk of glioma. In future, larger case-control studies are needed to confirm our results.

MicroRNA-155 Expression has Prognostic Value in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Digestive System Carcinomas

Xu, Tong-Peng,Zhu, Can-Hong,Zhang, Jian,Xia, Rui,Wu, Feng-Lei,Han, Liang,Shen, Hua,Liu, Ling-Xiang,Shu, Yong-Qian Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Objective: Published data have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could play a potential role as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in cancers. Data for the predictive value of microRNA-155 are inconclusive. The aim of the present analysis was therefore to evaluate the role of miR-155 in prognosis for patients with a variety of carcinomas. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Data were extracted from studies comparing overall survival (OS), recurrence-free survival (RFS) or cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with carcinoma with higher miR-155 expression and those with lower levels. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of miR-155 for clinical outcome were calculated. Results: A total of 15 studies were included. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS of higher miR-155 expression in cancerous tissue was 1.89 (95% CI: 1.20-2.99, P=0.006), which could markedly predict poorer survival in general cancer. For RFS/CSS, elevated miR-155 was also associated with poor prognosis of cancer (HR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.10-2.05, P=0.01). On subgroup analysis, the pooled HR for OS in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was 2.09 (95% CI: 0.68-6.41, P > 0.05), but for RFS/CSS was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.05-1.55, P=0.015), with statistical significance; the pooled HRs for OS and RFS/CSS in digestive system neoplasms were 3.04 (95% CI: 1.48-6.24, P=0.003) and 2.61 (95% CI: 1.98-3.42, P<0.05), respectively. Conclusions: The results indicated that the miR-155 expression level plays a prognostic role in patients with cancer, especially NSCLCs and digestive system carcinomas.

Whole Cell-mediated Biocatalytic Synthesis of Helicid Cinnamylate and Its Biological Evaluation as a Novel Tyrosinase Inhibitor

Rong-ling Yang,Xi Chen,Yu-ye Song,Qian-lin Zhu,Muhammad Bilal,Yu Wang,Zheng Tong,Ting-ting Wu,Zhao-Yu Wang,Hong-zhen Luo,Xiang-jie Zhao,Ting-ting He 한국생물공학회 2022 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.27 No.3

Tyrosinase inhibitors are clinically effective for treating some dermatological disorders related to melanin hyperpigmentation. Accordingly, the discovery and development of tyrosinase inhibitors have great value in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Here, a novel tyrosinase inhibitor, 6′-O-cinnamoyl-helicid (helicid cinnamylate) was successfully synthesized by a simple and effective biocatalytic approach with Aspergillus oryzae cells. Investigation of the effects of several key variables on helicid cinnamylate synthesis found that the reaction conversion, reaction rate and regioselectivity reached 99%, 9.40 mM/h and > 99%, respectively, at the optimal conditions with anhydrous acetone as the solvent, whole-cell concentration of 40 mg/mL, and the molar ratio of vinyl cinnamate to helicid of 10 at 45°C. The whole-cells retained 68.87% of its initial activity after reusing for seven batches, indicating a potent application potential in non-aqueous biocatalytic systems. It was worth noting that helicid cinnamylate demonstrated a more potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 3.55 mM than helicid (IC50 = 4.48 mM) and arbutin (IC50 = 5.48 mM), which suggest that helicid cinnamylate could be developed as a more potential tyrosinase inhibitor. In conclusion, this study provides a novel whole-cell catalytic approach for the synthesis of helicid cinnamylate and insight into its application as a tyrosinase inhibitor.

Mechanisms of Electroacupuncture Pretreatment in Alleviating Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Interactions between the Cerebellar Fastigial Nucleus and Lateral Hypothalamic Area

Yu Qing,Wu Li-bin,Zhang Fan,Wei Xiao-tong,Chen Pian-pian,Wang Shuai-ya,Cai Mei-yi,Shu Qi,Li Liao-yuan,Wu Zi-jian,Cai Rong-lin,Hu Ling 사단법인약침학회 2021 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.14 No.6

Background: Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) is an important mechanism of post-myocardial infarction injury and a main cause of death in patients with ischemic heart disease. Electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment is effective for the prevention and treatment of MIRI, but mechanisms mediating the effects of cardiovascular disease EA treatments remain unclear. Objectives: To determine whether the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) and the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) are involved in the protective effects of EA stimulation on MIRI. Methods: EA pretreatment was performed for 7 days before the establishment of the MIRI model. ST-segment changes on electrocardiograms were recorded and the Curtis–Walker arrhythmia score was used to evaluate changes in reperfusion injury. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was applied to evaluate the pathological and morphological changes in myocardial tissue. c-fos expression in the LHA and FN was determined by immunofluorescence staining. Glutamic (Glu) and γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were measured using a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical method. Results: EA pretreatment reduced ST-segment elevation, arrhythmia scores, and morphological changes in MIRI myocardial cells in rats, and decreased the c-fos protein expression in LHA/FN nuclei. MIRI was associated with an imbalance between GABA and Glu levels, whereas EA pretreatment increased GABA levels and decreased Glu levels in the LHA/FN. Conclusion: FN and LHA are involved in the EA-mediated attenuation of MIRI. Pretreatment with EA plays a protective role in the myocardium by regulating Glu and GABA release in the LHA and FN.

The stacked over-expression of FPS, CYP71AV1 and CPR genes leads to the increase of artemisinin level in Artemisia annua L.

nter, Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Chen, Yunfei,Shen, Qian,Wang, Yueyue,Wang, Tao,Wu, Shaoyan,Zhang, Ling,Lu, Xu,Zhang, Fangyuan,Jiang, Weimin,Qiu, Bo,Gao, Erdi,Sun, Xiaofen,Tang, Kexuan 한국식물생명공학회 2013 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.7 No.3

Quantitative Analysis of Parotid Gland Secretion Function in Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients with Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Sialography

Simin Liu,Weiwei Chen,Min Wang,Tong Wu,Lingli Dong,Chu Pan,Wenzhen Zhu 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the secretory function of parotid glands by dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) sialography and determine the clinical performance of this technique in diagnosing and evaluating Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) patients. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 29 healthy volunteers (25 women and 4 men; mean age, 34.8 ± 6.3 years; age range, 26–47 years) and 25 primary SS (pSS) patients (23 women and 2 men; mean age, 37.7 ± 7.9 years; age range, 25–50 years) with decreased secretory function. The volume of the parotid gland ducts was precisely measured for both groups at single pre- and 6 post-gustatory-stimulated phases. Time-dependent volume change ratio curves were generated, four parameters were derived from the curves: the slope of the increase in the first post-stimulation phase (slope1st), the peak value, the time-to-peak, the total saliva secretion post-stimulation. All values were used to quantitatively evaluate the secretory function of the parotid gland. The repeated measurement analysis, Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic curve were applied. Results: Time-dependent volume change ratio curves demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference between the two groups (F = 8.750; p = 0.005). A quickly increasing curve was shown in the volunteer group, whereas a slowly increasing curve was shown in the pSS patient group. The slope1st, peak value and total saliva secretion post-stimulation of the patient group were significantly lower than those of the volunteer group (p = 0.005, p = 0.003, and p = 0.002, respectively). The timeto-peak between the two groups was not significantly different (p = 0.383). The slope1st can be used as a discriminator to diagnose SS patients (p = 0.015; odds ratio = 4.234; area under the curve = 0.726). Conclusion: Dynamic MR sialography is proven to be an effective method in evaluating salivary gland function and has a great potential in diagnosing and evaluating pSS patients.

The role of ginsenoside Rb1, a potential natural glutathione reductase agonist, in preventing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of H9C2 cells

Fan, Hui-Jie,Tan, Zhang-Bin,Wu, Yu-Ting,Feng, Xiao-Reng,Bi, Yi-Ming,Xie, Ling-Peng,Zhang, Wen-Tong,Ming, Zhi,Liu, Bin,Zhou, Ying-Chun The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis is a key pathological process in ischemic heart disease. Glutathione reductase (GR) reduces glutathione disulfide to glutathione (GSH) to alleviate oxidative stress. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) prevents the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes; however, the role of GR in this process is unclear. Therefore, the effects of GRb1 on GR were investigated in this study. Methods: The antiapoptotic effects of GRb1 were evaluated in H9C2 cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, and Western blotting. The antioxidative effects were measured by a reactive oxygen species assay, and GSH levels and GR activity were examined in the presence and absence of the GR inhibitor 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the binding of GRb1 to GR. The direct influence of GRb1 on GR was confirmed by recombinant human GR protein. Results: GRb1 pretreatment caused dose-dependent inhibition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cell apoptosis, at a level comparable to that of the positive control N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The binding energy between GRb1 and GR was positive (-6.426 kcal/mol), and the binding was stable. GRb1 significantl reduced reactive oxygen species production and increased GSH level and GR activity without altering GR protein expression in H9C2 cells. Moreover, GRb1 enhanced the recombinant human GR protein activity in vitro, with a half-maximal effective concentration of ≈2.317 μM. Conversely, 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea co-treatment significantly abolished the GRb1's apoptotic and antioxidative effects of GRb1 in H9C2 cells. Conclusion: GRb1 is a potential natural GR agonist that protects against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of H9C2 cells.

The role of ginsenoside Rb1, a potential natural glutathione reductase agonist, in preventing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of H9C2 cells

Hui-Jie Fan,Zhang-Bin Tan,Yu-Ting Wu,Xiao-Reng Feng,Yi-Ming Bi,Ling-Peng Xie,Wen-Tong Zhang,Zhi Ming,Bin Liu,Ying-Chun Zhou 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2

Background: Oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis is a key pathological process inischemic heart disease. Glutathione reductase (GR) reduces glutathione disulfide to glutathione (GSH) toalleviate oxidative stress. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) prevents the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes; however,the role of GR in this process is unclear. Therefore, the effects of GRb1 on GR were investigated in thisstudy. Methods: The antiapoptotic effects of GRb1 were evaluated in H9C2 cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, and Western blotting. Theantioxidative effects were measured by a reactive oxygen species assay, and GSH levels and GR activitywere examined in the presence and absence of the GR inhibitor 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the binding of GRb1 toGR. The direct influence of GRb1 on GR was confirmed by recombinant human GR protein. Results: GRb1 pretreatment caused dose-dependent inhibition of tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cellapoptosis, at a level comparable to that of the positive control N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The binding energybetween GRb1 and GR was positive ( 6.426 kcal/mol), and the binding was stable. GRb1 significantlyreduced reactive oxygen species production and increased GSH level and GR activity without altering GRprotein expression in H9C2 cells. Moreover, GRb1 enhanced the recombinant human GR protein activityin vitro, with a half-maximal effective concentration of z2.317 mM. Conversely, 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea co-treatment significantly abolished the GRb1’s apoptotic and antioxidative effects of GRb1in H9C2 cells. Conclusion: GRb1 is a potential natural GR agonist that protects against oxidative stresseinducedapoptosis of H9C2 cells.

A hemoglobin-based oxygen-carrying biomimetic nanosystem for enhanced chemo-phototherapy and hypoxia alleviation of hepatocellular carcinoma

Jing-Qing Le,Fang Yang,Xun-Huan Song,Ke-Ke Feng,Ling-Wu Tong,Meng-Die Yin,Wen-Zhong Zhang,Ying-Qi Lin,Hui Wu,Jing-Wei Shao 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.123 No.-

Tumor microenvironment is characterized by low pH, high reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, whichprovides a suitable environment for cancer growth. The hypoxia not only elevates tumor angiogenesisand metastasis, but also is responsible for the development of treatment resistance, which graduallybecomes a significant impediment for cancer therapy. Therefore, we developed a biomimetic nanosystemcontaining hemoglobin extracted from red blood cells, chemotherapy drug sorafenib, sensitizer ursolicacid and photosensitizer indocyanine green for enhanced chemo-photo combination therapy of hepatocellularcarcinoma, which could not only enhance the chemotherapy effect of sorafenib bowing to thesensitizing effect of ursolic acid, but also achieved synergetic phototherapy in virtue of indocyaninegreen. Besides, the nanoparticles could effectively delivery exogenous oxygen to tumor site and amelioratethe tumor hypoxic environment with the assistance of hemoglobin. The dual-sensitization drugdelivery system was expected to effectively reduce the resistance of traditional treatment methodsagainst tumor hypoxia, providing a novel prospect for the synergistic hepatocellular carcinomatreatment.