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The effects of cigarettes and alcohol on intestinal microbiota in healthy men
Lin Renbin,Zhang Yawen,Chen Luyi,Qi Yadong,He Jiamin,Hu Mengjia,Zhang Ying,Fan Lina,Yang Tao,Wang Lan,Si Misi,Chen Shujie 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.11
Human intestinal microbiota is affected by the exogenous microenvironment. This study aimed to determine the effects of cigarettes and alcohol on the gut microbiota of healthy men. In total, 116 healthy male subjects were enrolled and divided into four groups: non-smoking and non-drinking (Group A), smoking only (Group B), drinking only (Group C), and smoking and drinking combined (Group D). Fecal samples were collected and sequenced using 16S rRNA to analyze the microbial composition. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) levels in feces were determined by gas chromatography. We found that cigarette and alcohol consumptions can alter overall composition of gut microbiota in healthy men. The relative abundances of phylum Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and more than 40 genera were changed with cigarette and alcohol consumptions. SCFAs decreased with smoking and alcohol consumption. Multivariate analysis indicated that when compared with group A, group B/C/D had higher Bacteroides, and lower Phascolarctobacterium, Ruminococcaceae_ UCG-002, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-003, and Ruminiclostridium_ 9 regardless of BMI and age. Additionally, the abundance of Bacteroides was positively correlated with the smoking pack-year (r = 0.207, p < 0.05), the abundance of predicted pathway of bacterial toxins (r = 0.3672, p < 0.001) and the level of carcinoembryonic antigen in host (r = 0.318, p < 0.01). Group D shared similar microbial construction with group B, but exerted differences far from group C with lower abundance of Haemophilus. These results demonstrated that cigarette and alcohol consumption separately affected the intestinal microbiota and function in healthy men; furthermore, the co-occurrence of cigarette and alcohol didn’t exacerbate the dysbiosis and cigarette played the predominated role on the alteration.
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Use of grape seed as reductant for leaching of cobalt from spent lithium-ion batteries
Ying-Jie Zhang,Qi Meng,Peng Dong,Jianguo Duan,Yan Lin 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.66 No.-
The grape seed was novelly used as reductant for leaching of spent LiCoO2 material, which is idea of “waste + waste → resources”. About 92% Co and 99% Li could be leached under the optimized conditions of grape seed 0.6 g/g, malic acid 1.5 mol/L, 180 min, 80 °C, and slurry density 20 g/L. The catechin, EC and EGCG contained in grape seed could be employed as efficient reductants during leaching. The leaching process is controlled by combination of surface chemical reaction and diffusion with apparent activation energy of 11.96 kJ/mol, which is related to the form of Co(OH)3.
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Ying Zhu,Hao-liang Zhang,Qi-ying Wang,Min-jing Chen,Lin-bo Liu 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.2
microRNA (miR)-612 shows anticancer activity in several types of cancers, yet its function in melanoma is still unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of miR-612 and its biological relevance in melanoma cell growth, invasion, and tumorigenesis. The expression and prognostic significance of miR-612 in melanoma were examined. The effects of miR-612 overexpression on cell proliferation, colony formation, tumorigenesis, and invasion were determined. Rescue experiments were conducted to identify the functional target gene(s) of miR-612. miR-612 was significantly downregulated in melanoma tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Low miR-612 expression was significantly associated with melanoma thickness, lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall, and disease-free survival of patients. Overexpression of miR-612 significantly decreased cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion of SK-MEL-28 and A375 melanoma cells. In vivo tumorigenic studies confirmed that miR-612 overexpression retarded the growth of A375 xenograft tumors, which was coupled with a decline in the percentage of Ki-67-positive proliferating cells. Mechanistically, miR-612 targeted Espin in melanoma cells. Overexpression of Espin counteracted the suppressive effects of miR-612 on melanoma cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis. A significant inverse correlation (r = -0.376, P = 0.018) was observed between miR-612 and Espin protein expression in melanoma tissues. In addition, overexpression of miR-612 and knockdown of Espin significantly increased the sensitivity of melanoma cells to doxorubicin. Collectively, miR-612 suppresses the aggressive phenotype of melanoma cells through downregulation of Espin. Delivery of miR-612 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy against melanoma.
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Zhu, Ying,Zhang, Hao-liang,Wang, Qi-ying,Chen, Min-jing,Liu, Lin-bo Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.2
microRNA (miR)-612 shows anticancer activity in several types of cancers, yet its function in melanoma is still unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of miR-612 and its biological relevance in melanoma cell growth, invasion, and tumorigenesis. The expression and prognostic significance of miR-612 in melanoma were examined. The effects of miR-612 overexpression on cell proliferation, colony formation, tumorigenesis, and invasion were determined. Rescue experiments were conducted to identify the functional target gene(s) of miR-612. miR-612 was significantly downregulated in melanoma tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. Low miR-612 expression was significantly associated with melanoma thickness, lymph node metastasis, and shorter overall, and disease-free survival of patients. Overexpression of miR-612 significantly decreased cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion of SK-MEL-28 and A375 melanoma cells. In vivo tumorigenic studies confirmed that miR-612 overexpression retarded the growth of A375 xenograft tumors, which was coupled with a decline in the percentage of Ki-67-positive proliferating cells. Mechanistically, miR-612 targeted Espin in melanoma cells. Overexpression of Espin counteracted the suppressive effects of miR-612 on melanoma cell proliferation, invasion, and tumorigenesis. A significant inverse correlation (r = -0.376, P = 0.018) was observed between miR-612 and Espin protein expression in melanoma tissues. In addition, overexpression of miR-612 and knockdown of Espin significantly increased the sensitivity of melanoma cells to doxorubicin. Collectively, miR-612 suppresses the aggressive phenotype of melanoma cells through downregulation of Espin. Delivery of miR-612 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy against melanoma.
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Qun-Ying Jin,Hua-Zheng Peng,Er-Pei Lin,Nan Li,Dan-Ni Huang,Yan-Li Xu,Xi-Qi Hua,Kui-Hong Wang,Tang-Jun Zhu 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.4
As one of the largest members of Poaceae family, bamboo is a very important agricultural plant in the world. The development of bamboo shoot is very special and particularly significant to bamboo production. Understanding the developmental differences between bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot is extremely valuable for us to further elucidate the mechanism of bamboo shoot formation since both bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot develop directly from rhizome bud underground. In this paper, miRNA chips with 413 miRNA probes were used to compare miRNA expressions between bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot. The experiment revealed 64 bamboo shoot upregulated and 56 rhizome shoot up-regulated miRNAs which were classified into four major categories according to deep sequencing based target prediction. Meristem and morphological development related miRNAs were most important in bamboo shoot, especially miR171 and miR156 members. While in rhizome shoot the mainstream of miRNA expressions was metabolism and nutrition related ones, especially miR395 members. The meristem and morphological development related miRNAs in bamboo shoot showed some embryonic characteristics and suggested the participation of several phytohormones like gibberellin, cytokinin and auxin, which were absent in those miRNAs of rhizome shoot. Further qRT-PCR detections of 21 up-regulated miRNAs in bamboo seedlings indicated that 12 ones were regulated to varying degrees by some environmental factors. Among them, rhizome shoot upregulated osa-miR395b was the most environment-sensitive miRNA, particularly to dehydration. And the bamboo shoot up-regulated osa-miR399j proved uniquely and strongly induced by phosphor. The existence of multiple regulation sites from same miRNA suggested the probability of crosstalks among meristem development, metabolism and stress response during bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot development.
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Xiong, Hai-Lin,Liu, Xun-Qi,Sun, Ai-Hua,He, Ying,Li, Jun,Xia, Yuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5
Associations of P16, MGMT, hMLH1 and hMLH2 with gastric cancer and their relation with MTHFR status in gastric patients who were confirmed with pathological diagnosis were assessed. Aberrant DNA methylation of P16, MGMT, hMLH1 and hMLH2 and polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T were assayed. The proportional DNA hypermethylation in P16, MGMT, hMLH1 and hMLH2 in cancer tissues was significantly higher than in remote normal-appearing tissues. DNA hypermethylation of P16 and MGMT was correlated with the T and N stages. Individuals with homozygotes (TT) of MTHFR C677T had significant risk of hypermethylation of MGMT in cancer tissues [OR (95% CI)= 3.47(1.41-7.93)]. However, we did not find association between polymorphism in MTHFR C677T and risk of hypermethylation in P16, MGMT, hMLH1 and hMLH2 genes either in cancer or remote normal-appearing tissues. Aberrant hypermethylation of P16, MGMT, hMLH1 and hMLH2 could be predictive of gastric cancer.
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Weight Gain in Pregnancy, Maternal Age and Gestational Age in Relation to Fetal Macrosomia
( Yi Li ),( Qi-fei Liu ),( Dan Zhang ),( Ying Shen ),( Kui Ye ),( Han-lin Lai ),( Hai-qing Wang ),( Chuan-lai Hu ),( Qi-hong Zhao ),( Li Li ) 한국임상영양학회 2015 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.4 No.2
To investigate the possible risk factors related to macrosomia. Pregnant women and their newborns (n = 1041) were recruited from a cohort study in Maternal and Child Care Center of Hefei from January 2011 to July 2012. Questionnaires were applied to collect the demographic data besides the medical records. Detailed health records of the entire pregnancy were obtained using retrospective study. Meanwhile the data of neonatal outcomes was prospectively tracked. Associations between exposure risk factors and macrosomia were analyzed using Pearson’s chi squared test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association between these potential predictors and macrosomia. The incidence of macrosomia of this cohort was 11.24% of which male: female = 2.55:1. Male incidence (8.07%) of macrosomia was higher than female (3.17%), p < 0.001. Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (pre-BMI), maternal height, parity were not independently associated with macrosomia; multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that macrosomia was mainly independently associated with weight gain in pregnancy (OR=1.14,95% CI [1.10-1.19]), maternal age (OR = 1.09,95% CI [1.03-1.15]) and gestational age (OR = 1.62,95% CI [1.31-1.99]), respectively. Our findings indicate that weight gain in pregnancy, maternal age and gestational age should be considered as independent risk factors for macrosomia.
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Metabolic Syndrome and Life Style in China
Wu Pei-Ying,Song Xiao-Min,Jin Qi-Lin,Wang Xin-Qiao,Wang Ai-Rong The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2004 Journal of community nutrition Vol.6 No.3
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between life style and metabolic syndrome. The cross-sectional survey was conducted in Pingliang community in Shanghai in Jan 2003. The data was collected by questionnaire, and the results were analyzed by SPSS. It was found that the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) was $13.4\%$ in the community, and the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol(TC), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and fast plasma glucose (FPG) in MS group were higher than that in non-MS group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI and WHR were positively correlated to the prevalence of MS, and physical activity was negatively correlated to the prevalence of MS. People with higher education levels (${\geq}10y$) had lower BMI, SBP, DBP, LDL-C and FPG. The prevalence of MS in the higher education level group was significantly lower than that of the lower education level group. These results suggested that BMI, WHR and physical activity were important factors of MS, and education background played an important role in the occurrence of MS. Therefore, it is very important to build a healthy life style for preventing and controlling the incidence and developing of MS.
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