Flow characteristics and dynamic behavior of dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal with variable moisture content at high pressure

Liang Cai,Chen Xiaoping,Zhao Changsui,Pu Wenhao,Lu Peng,Fan Chunlei 한국화학공학회 2009 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.26 No.3

Experiments of dense-phase pneumatic conveying of pulverized coal using nitrogen were performed in an experimental test facility with the conveying pressure up to 4MPa and the solid-gas ratio up to 500 kg/㎥. The influences of the total conveying differential pressure, the moisture content, the superficial velocity and the pressure on the mass flow rate and the solid-gas ratio were investigated. Shannon entropy analysis of pressure fluctuation time series was developed to reveal the flow characteristics. Based on the distribution of the Shannon entropy in the different conditions, the flow stability and the evolutional tendency of Shannon entropy in different regimes and the regime transition processes were obtained. The results indicate that the solid gas ratio and Shannon entropy rise with increase in the total conveying differential pressure. A phase diagram and Shannon entropy reveal preferable regularity with superficial velocity. Shannon entropy is different for the different flow regimes, and it can be used to identify the flow regimes. As the moisture content increases, the mass flow rate, the pressure drop and Shannon entropy decrease. Shannon entropy rises with increase in pressure drop.

An Integrated Nomogram Combining Clinical Factors and Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3B Expression to Predict Postoperative Prognosis in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Liang Chen,Hongyuan Fu,Tongyu Lu,Jianye Cai,Wei Liu,Jia Yao,Jinliang Liang,Hui Zhao,Jiebin Zhang,Jun Zheng,Yingcai Zhang,Yang Yang 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.2

Purpose Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) serves as a key component of autophagy, which is associated with the progression of carcinoma. Yet, it is still unclear whether LC3B is also an independent risk factor for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). We aim to explore the predictive value of LC3B on prognosis of ICC, and to establish a novel and available nomogram to predict relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) for these patients after curative-intent hepatectomy. Materials and Methods From August 2004 to March 2017, 105 ICC patients were eligibly enrolled in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Preoperative clinical information of enrolled patients was collected. Expression LC3B in the ICC specimen was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The 5-year RFS and OS in this cohort were 15.7% and 29.6%, respectively. On multivariate Cox regression analysis, independent risk factors for 5-year OS were cancer antigen 125, microvascular invasion, LC3B expression and lymph node metastasis. Except for the above 4 factors, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and tumor differentiation were independent factors for 5-year RFS. The area under the curve of nomograms for OS and RFS were 0.820 and 0.747, respectively. Conclusion The nomograms based on LC3B can be considered as effective models to predict postoperative survival for ICC patients.

Experimental investigation and stability analysis on dense-phase pneumatic conveying of coal and biomass at high pressure

Liang Cai,Cai Jiaying,Xu Guiling,Xu Pan,Chen Xiaoping,Zhao Changsui 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.2

Conveying characteristics and flow stability are very important for design and control of a conveying system at high pressure. The influences of operating parameters and material properties on conveying characteristics were investigated in an experimental test facility with a conveying pressure up to 4MPa. Wavelet transform and Shannon entropy analysis were applied to analyzing pressure drops through horizontal pipe in order to obtain the stability criterion. Results indicated that the mass flow rate of biomass decreased, while the mass flow rate of pulverized coal increased at first and then decreased with the increase in fluidization velocity. Solid loading ratios for four kinds of powders decreased with the increase in fluidization velocity. Conveying phase diagrams and pressure drops through different test sections of pulverized coal and biomass at high pressure were obtained and analyzed. The influences of coal category,fracture characteristics and particle size on conveying characteristics were determined.

Biodegradation of Di-n-Butyl Phthalate by Rhodococcus sp. JDC-11 and Molecular Detection of 3,4-Phthalate Dioxygenase Gene

( De Cai Jin ),( Ren Xing Liang ),( Qin Yun Dai ),( Rui Yong Zhang ),( Xue Liu Wu ),( Wei Liang Chao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.10

Rhodococcus sp. JDC-11, capable of utilizing di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) as the sole source of carbon and energy, was isolated from sewage sludge and confirmed mainly based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The optimum pH, temperature, and agitation rate for DBP degradation by Rhodococcus sp. JDC-11 were 8.0, 30oC, and 175 rpm, respectively. In addition, low concentrations of glucose were found to inhibit the degradation of DBP, whereas high concentrations of glucose increased its degradation. Meanwhile, a substrate utilization test showed that JDC- 11 was also able to utilize other phthalates. The major metabolites of DBP degradation were identified as monobutyl phthalate and phthalic acid by gas chromatographymass spectrometry, allowing speculation on the tentative metabolic pathway of DBP degradation by Rhodococcus sp. JDC-11. Using a set of new degenerate primers, a partial sequence of the 3,4-phthalate dioxygenase gene was obtained from JDC-11. Moreover, a sequence analysis revealed that the phthalate dioxygenase gene of JDC-11 was highly homologous to the large subunit of the phthalate dioxygenase from Rhodococcus coprophilus strain G9.

Current Balancing Control of High Power Parallel-Connected AFE with Small Current Ripples

Xinbo Cai,Zhenbin Zhang,Liang Cai,Ralph Kennel 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6

Parallel connected Active Front End (AFE) voltage converters are widely employed in high-power grid interfaces for renewable energy applications. With parallel connected two level power converters, the power rating of the system can be easily increased with higher stability and less control efforts than multilevel power converter based solutions. However, due to unmatched modules, unbalanced currents inevitably happen to different modules of the same phase, which seriously impacts the efficiency and performances of the converter. This paper presents an improved current balancing control methods for a high power (600 kVA) parallel connected AFE for wind energy applications. The proposed current balancing method is integrated within a well-known Voltage Oriented Control Scheme with few implementation efforts. The simulation results show that with the proposed strategy the current ripples of each parallelconnected converter leg decrease evidently and the THDs are therefore decreased. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed method is also confirmed by experimental results with a grid-code compatible testing set-up.

Which Indicator Among Lumbar Vertebral Hounsfield Unit, Vertebral Bone Quality, or Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Measured Bone Mineral Density Is More Efficacious in Predicting Thoracolumbar Fragility Fractures?

Bo Zhang,Lu-Ping Zhou,Xian-Liang Zhang,Dui Li,Jia-Qi Wang,Chong-Yu Jia,Hua-Qing Zhang,Liang Kang,Ren-Jie Zhang,Cai-Liang Shen 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Hounsfield units (HU), vertebral bone quality (VBQ), and bone mineral density (BMD) can all serve as predictive indicators for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. This study aims to explore which indicator provides better risk prediction for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Methods: Patients who have received medical attention from The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for thoracolumbar fragility fractures were selected. A total of 78 patients with thoracolumbar fragility fractures were included in the study. To establish a control group, 78 patients with degenerative spinal diseases were matched to the fracture group on the basis of gender, age, and body mass index. The lumbar vertebral HU, the VBQ, and the BMD were obtained for all the 156 patients through computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The correlations among these parameters were analyzed. The area under curve (AUC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive efficacy and thresholds of lumbar vertebral HU, VBQ, and BMD in relation to the risk of thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Results: Among the cohort of 156 patients, lumbar vertebral HU exhibited a positive correlation with BMD (p < 0.01). Conversely, VBQ showed a negative correlation with HU, BMD (p < 0.05). HU and BMD displayed a favorable predictive efficacy for thoracolumbar fragility fractures (p < 0.01), with HU (AUC = 0.863) showcasing the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the DEXA-measured BMD (AUC = 0.813). VBQ (AUC = 0.602) ranked lowest among the 3 indicators. The thresholds for predicting thoracolumbar fragility fractures were as follows: HU (88),VBQ (3.37), and BMD (0.81). Conclusion: All 3 of these indicators, HU, VBQ, and BMD, can predict thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Notably, lumbar vertebral HU exhibits the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the BMD obtained through DEXA scanning, with VBQ demonstrating the lowest predictive efficacy.

Allergic Identification for Ginkgo Kernel Protein in Guinea Pigs

Cai-e Wu,Jian-Ting Yang,Gong-Jian Fan,Ting-Ting Li,Zhen-Xing Tang,Fu-Liang Cao 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.3

Ginkgo biloba L. can cause allergic reactions when consumed. In this paper, an allergy test to guinea pig was investigated. Guinea pigs were sensitized with 50 mg/mL of ginkgo kernel protein orally on days 1, 3, and 5, and intraperitoneally challenged with 100mg/mL of the protein on day 7 after the last sensitization. The volume of sensitization and challenge was 0.20mL/100 g weight. The results showed the average allergy grade for guinea pigs reached four and the allergy rate was 100%. The immunoglobulin G and E levels in sera were significantly higher than those in the controls. Footpads swelled distinctly, and the passive cutaneous allergy test manifested a positive response. There were inflammatory changes in the lungs and intestines. In conclusion, the present results may indicate that gingko kernel protein has an allergenic capacity.

Radiosensitization Effect of Overexpression of Adenovirus-mediated SIRT6 on A549 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Cai, Yong,Sheng, Zhao-Ying,Liang, Shi-Xiong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.17

Objective: To explore the radiosensitization effect of overexpression of silent information regulator 6 (SIRT6) on A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods: Adenovirus vector Ad-SIRT6 causing overexpression of SIRT6 was established. Western blotting and MTT assay were adopted to detect the level of SIRT6 protein and the inhibitory rate of A549 cell proliferation after different concentrations of adenovirus transduction (0, 25, 100, 200, and 400 pfu/cell) for 24 h. Control group, Ad-null group and Ad-SIRT6 group were designed in this experiment and virus concentration of the latter two groups was 200 pfu/cell. Colony formation assays were employed to test survival fraction (SF) of the 3 groups after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 X-ray irradiation. Flow cytometry was used to detect the status of cell cycle of 3 groups after 48 h of 4Gy X-ray irradiation and Western blotting was used to determine the expression of apoptosis-related genes of 3 groups after 48 h of 4GyX-ray irradiation. Results: In the range of 25~400 pfu/cell, the inhibitory rate of A549 cell proliferation increased as adenovirus concentration raised. The inhibitory rates under the concentrations of 0, 25, 100, 200, and 400 pfu/cell were 0%, $4.23{\pm}0.34%$, $12.7{\pm}2.57%$, $22.6{\pm}3.38%$, $32.2{\pm}3.22%$, $38.7{\pm}4.09%$ and $47.8{\pm}5.58%$ and there were significantly differences among groups (P<0.05). SF in Ad-SIRT6 group was lower than Ad-null and control groups after 4~10Gy X-ray irradiation (P<0.05) and the sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) was 1.35 when compared with control group. Moreover, after 48 h of 4Gy X-ray irradiation, there appeared a significant increase in G1-phase cell proportion, upregulated expression of the level of apoptosis-promoting genes (Bax and Cleaved caspase-3), but a obvious decline in S-phase and G2-phase cell proportion and a significant decrease of the level of apoptosis-inhibiting gene (Bal-2) in the Ad-SIRT6 group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The over-expression of adenovirus-mediated SIRT6, which has radiosensitization effect on A549 cells of NSCLC, can inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells and cause G0/G1 phase retardation as well as induce apoptosis of cells.

Application of a High-Resolution Spectrometer in a Broadband Optical Monitor for Film Coating

Liang-Yao Chen,Yun-Fei Wu,Qing-Yuan Cai,Yu-Xiang Zheng,Rong-Jun Zhang 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.53 No.4

The broadband optical monitoring (BOM) method for the thin-film coating proces has become more popular due to its having a higher efficiency than other methods and the ability to precisely control the film coating proces at any thicknes. A high-resolution spectrometer working in the broadband spectral range has to be used for the BOM method to monitor the growth proces of a narow bandpas thin-film filter. In this paper, we show the application of a high-resolution spectrometer in BOM for the narow bandpas thin-film filter-coating proces and away to eliminate effectively the interference eror of the substrate. We also describe an experimental setup that can be used to grow a narow bandpas filter in a real BOM proces.

Survivin Gene Functions and Relationships between Expression and Prognosis in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Cai, Jun-Hong,Fu, Sheng-Miao,Tu, Zhi-Hua,Deng, Li-Qun,Liang, Zhu,Chen, Xin-Ping,Gong, Xuan-Ju,Wan, Li-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prognosis and protein and mRNA expression of an apoptotic inhibitor gene, survivin, in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Furthermore, functions of the survivin gene in the CNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line were assessed. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used in detecting the survivin protein and mRNA in 44 nasopharyngeal carcinoma specimens, and 30 chronic nasopharyngitis samples as controls. Survivin gene expression in CNE2 cell line was suppressed with an shRNA (short hairpin RNA). The positive ratios of expression for survivin protein and mRNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 79.5% and 75.0% respectively, obviously higher than in the control group (p<0.01), and there is very good consistency between the two methods. The mean survival time of patients with higher survivin protein or mRNA expression was shorter than in patients with lower levelsv(p<0.01). Proliferation of the CNE2 cell line was distinctly inhibited by the shRNA. The results indicate that overexpression of the survivin gene plays an important role in onset and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and it may be helpful for prognostic appraisal.