Toluene, Xylene, Trichloroethylene 투여가 흰쥐의 시상하부와 뇌하수체의 GnRH, GnRH Receptor, Pit-1 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향

기노석,이종태,강대성,김대환,이채관,이헌,전진호,김정호,이채언 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

The workplace exposure of chemicals has steadily increased, therefore the concern for subsequent effect on reproductive outcome has been an important issue in occupational medicine. In previous studies, higher rates of spontaneous abortion, reduced fertility and menstrual disorder among women, and an impairement of sperm quantity and quality among men have been associated with a wide variety of chemical agents. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of toluene, xylene and trichloroethylene(TCE) injection on the mRNA levels of GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 genes in male rats hypothalamus and pituitary and the effects on the plasma levels of FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into five groups of five each according to concentration of toluene, xylene and TCE. The rats were injected subcutaneously to 0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg body weight/day of toluene, xylene and TCE, respectively for 6 days. Rat brains were excised and hypothalamus and pituitary were separated. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and RNase protection assay(RPA) were used to evaluate the GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels. Plasma concentrations of FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone were assayed by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The results were as follows; 1. GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in toluene and xylene injected groups, and GnRH receptor mRNA levels in TCE injected group were lowered dose-dependently. Especially, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 200mg/kg of toluene injected group, and GnRH, GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of toluene injected group were significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). GnRH receptor and Pit-1 mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of xylene injected group, and GnRH receptor mRNA levels in 400mg/kg of TCE injected group were significantly lower than control group(p<0.05). 2. The plasma levels of prolactin and testosterone in 400mg/kg of toluene injected group, and LH in 100, 200 and 400mg/kg of xylene injected group, and testosterone in 400 mg/kg of TCE injected group were significantly lower than control group(p<0.05). In conclusion, we speculated that toluene and xylene affected reproductive system secondarily through hypothalamus-pituitary axis, and TCE affected directly through steroidogenesis. And we recommended that further study for assessment of the reproductive toxicity of mixed organic solvent exposures should be conducted.

매크로/마이크로 레벨 볼트 결합 구조물에서의 실험적/해석적 방법을 통한 시스템 특성 비교

김봉석,이성민,이문구,이수훈,Jun Ni,송준엽,이창우,하태호 한국공작기계학회 2006 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

As the micro technology and miniaturization of a structure and component in the last couple of decades have been concretely realized, the understanding of structural and dynamic characteristics and prediction of dynamic behavior are indispensable to the miniaturized structures and micro machines. This paper shows the effect of dynamic characteristics in bolt-jointed structures by comparing natural frequencies and mode shapes between macro and micro-scale beams through experimental modal analysis and finite element analysis with a1 8 test models by materials, by size, and by joining condition; that is, SS41 and A16061-T651, micro and macro, and monolithic beam and bolt-jointed beam.

한국인 관상동맥의 변화양상에 대한 형태학적 연구

권태정,이상용,이한영,고영창,권기석,조재홍,김태공,김유훈,조갑래,서중석,이원태 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1[MCP1] -2518 유전자 다형성과 주요 우울장애

배치운,이지현,신윤경,김태석,김정진,이창욱,이수정,전태연,이철,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.4

Object : This study was designed to examine the association between monocyte chemoattractant protein-l (MCPl) -2518poly morphism and major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods : Ninety patients with MDD and 114 healthy controls participated in this study. Genotyping was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results : Genotype and allele distributions in patients with MDD were significantly different from those of the controls, In particular, subjects with the allele A were found to have an increased risk of MDD. Conclusion : The present study suggests that the MCPl -2518 polymorphism may have a potential role for susceptibility to MDD in the Korean population and thus calls for consecutive studies in order to pile up the data with larger different ethnic background.

일 간호대학의 간호환경시스템 통합실습방안 적용 : 간호관리학과 지역사회간호학의 통합

김광숙,이경자,김의숙,이정렬,김인숙,이태화,조윤희,정제인,이현정,배선형,김은현 대한간호학회 간호행정학회 2008 간호행정학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Purpose: Integrated curriculum has been considered as a desirable method in health related school course. The present study was conducted to develop practice curriculum which integrates nursing management and community health nursing and measure the education effect. Method: Literature review and scores of professional meeting were carried out to generate main educational goals, contents, operating principle, and evaluation item. Student evaluation was done by survey and in-dept interview in right after practicum and three months respectively. Results: Six concepts were derived as main component of the integrated curriculum. From 2 to 3 sub-categories were matched to each main component as well. Subsequently, practice contents were suggested on the basis of sub-categories. Attainment of practicum goal scores ranged from 2.82 to 3.54 in four points index. Students expressed that they found nursing manager's role in the community setting. Conclusion: This new approach encouraged students to ascertain relationship between hospital oriented and community based practice. Additionally, they can be prepared to comprehend diverse health care environment.

양극성 장애와 Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 유전자 다형성

배치운,김태석,장우영,김정진,이창욱,이수정,전태연,이철,백인호 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.5

Objectives : Several studies suggested that cytokines could be involved in the pathogenesis of mood disorders, while data for bipolar disorder is relatively deficient (BD). BD, Knowned to have a inherited tendency, has been considered to be related with T-helper cell system. This study was designed to investigate the association between polymorphism of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1) gene at promoter-2518 and BD. Methods : Patients with BD (n=92) in accordance with DSM-FV criteria and control subjects (n=114) participated in this study. DNA was extracted from whole blood and the MCP-1 gene promoter region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction-based method. Results : Genotype and allele distributions in patients with BD were not different from those of control subjects (p=0.587 ; p=0.384). Genotype and allele distributions in accordance to presence or absence of suicide attempt (p=0.423), family history (p=0.733) and psychotic feature (p=0.436) were not different between the two groups. Conclusion : Present study suggests that the MCP1 promoter -2518 polymorphism may not affect the susceptibility and clinical diversity of the development of BD.

치과 기공사들에게서 나타나는 호흡기 증상과 이의 관련 요인

김웅철,오세윤,김지환,김진완,이준석,이가영,이세훈,유진호,김태석 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2001 保健科學論集 Vol.27 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate subjective respiratory symptoms and their attributable factors in Korean dental laboratory technicians. A questionnaire was mailed to randomly selected 1,900 dental laboratory technicians. Among them, 1,344 dental technicians completed the questionnaires and returmned them. Validity and reliability tests on the questionnaires were carried out before the main survey. To investigate risk factors on respiratory subjective symptoms, we performed analysis on distribution of characteristics, and then investigated univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence rate of wheezing, cough and phlegm, and dyspnea was 4.8%, 33.9%, 54.9%, respectively. Statistically significant factors inducing subjective respiratory symptoms by multiple logistic regression analysis were sex, smoking, exercise, health examination, work hours a day, investment gas, investment dust, metal fume, resin vapor, and asbestos dust. Considering the results above, it seems that most subjective respiratory symptoms are related with health habits and occupational environmental-related factors. The result, consideration in mind, suggest that health promotion programs for smoking cessation, regular health examination, and physical exercise in health habit, and improvement on casting and resin work in dental technological environment be necessary.

한글ㆍ영문 겸용 Word Processor System 개발에 관한 연구

이상인,강석건,서창렬,신태민,박규태,여재준,장이한 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1984 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

The design theory and implementation of a word processor system with more efficient processing of Korean and English text are studied. A screen editing method is implemented which is more flexible to handle the texts. Convinient control of the keyboards, cursors moving, texts editing, line marking and block operations are considered. The codes to avoid the complexity and inefficiency which are caused by difference of the code length between the Korean and English characters are reconstructed. File management systems and algorithms for executing the control commands are also studied. As a result, a successful word processor system is designed and implemental which performs a complete screen editing system. The performance of the system includes flexible cursor movement, margin setting, block operations of insertion, deletion and copying any sizes of the line and blocks; and also, the printout routines for size variation of the characters are worked out.

중금속 킬레이트 약의 만성 Cadmium 중독 흰쥐의 간장과 신장에서의 Cadmium 잔류량에 미치는 영향

이석호,서대규,신인철 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1993 環境科學論文集 Vol.14 No.-

중금속은 다른 물질과는 달리 체내에서는 생성되지도 파괴되지도 않으며 환경오염에 의해 공기, 물, 모양으로 침투되고 음식물에 혼입되기도 한다. 대부분의 중금속은 지질학적, 생물학적인 순환을 통해 자연적으로 재분포되며, 특히 납, 수은 및 cadmium(Cd)등은 과거에는 자연적인 순환이 생물학적인 순환을 능가해 왔지만 근대산업화 사회가 도래하면서 인간활동에 의한 생물학적인 순환이 급속도로 증가하면서 환경오염이 시작되었다. 본 실험은 Cd 투여로 유발되는 실험적 Cd 중독 Sprague-Dawley계 웅성흰쥐에서의 중금속 킬레이트 약 투여가 간장과 신장에서의 Cd 잔류량에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고자 시도하였다. 실험동물은 동일환경하에서 사육된 체중 200∼250mg의 Sprague-Dawley계 웅성흰쥐를 사용하였으며, 실험적 Cd 중독은 CdCl₂ (Signa사)의 1mg/ml의 생리식염수 용액을 사용하여 체중 kg당 1.5mg의 용량을 48시간 간격으로 3회 복강내 주사하여 유발시켰으며 1주일 후부터 72시간 간격으로 10회에 걸쳐 킬레이트 약을 복강내로 주사하였다. 적용한 킬레이트 약과 그 용량은 1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetate(CDTA), disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate(EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetate(DTPA), , triethylenetetraaminehexaacetate(TTHA), D-penicillamine(DPA), N-acetylpenicillamine(NAPA), 2,3-dimercaptopropanol(BAL), sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfonate(DMPS), sodium 2,3-dimercaptosuccinate(DMSA) 및 sodium diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC) 등은 각각 0.1mmol/kg(BAL은 0.1mmol/kg)이다. CDTA, EDTA, DTPA 및 TTHA 등은 CaCl₂ 와 1 : 1 mole 비율이고 실험군은 적용한 킬레이트 약 별로 흰쥐 5마리씩을 배정하였고, 동량의 생리식염수를 주사한 군을 대조군으로 하였다. 킬레이트 약 주사 종료 3일 동물을 단두로 도살하여 개복한 후 간장과 신장을 적출하여 이들을 각각 0.1mg 씩 취하여 1.0ml의 질산과 1.0ml의 과염소산으로 전처리하여 조직추출액을 얻었고 이를 사용하여 polarized zeeman 원자분광흡광기(Atomic absorption spectrophotometer : Model Z-8100, Hitachi, Japan)로 조직내 중금속 잔류량을 flame 법으로 측정하였다. 간장에서의 Cd 잔류량을 DPA, EDTA, NAPA, DCTA, DDTC 및 DMSA 투여군에서 대조군보다 각각 32%, 23%, 19%, 17%, 16% 및 15%씩 감소하였고, 신장에서의 Cd잔류량은 DPA, DDTC, CDTA 및 EDTA 투여군에서 대조군보다 각각 33%, 21%, 18% 및 17% 씩 감소하였으며, 간장과 신장에서의 Cd 잔류량의 합계는 DPA, EDTA, DDTC 및 CDTA투여군 에서 대조군보다 각각 32%, 20%, 18% 및 17%씩 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 여러가지 킬레이트 약 중 DPA, EDTA, CDTA 및 DDTC 등은 Cd 중독의 치료에 이용될 가능성이 많으나, DTPA, TTHA, BAL 및 DMPS 등은 Cd 중독에 치료에 큰 효과가 없는 것으로 사료된다. 그러나 기존의 실험들과 다른 결과가 나온 DTPA, TTHA, BAL 및 DMPS 등에 대해서는 더욱 깊은 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다. Sprague-Dawley albino male rats weighing 200 to 250gm were used. All animals were loaded with 3 intraperitoneal injections of cadmium chloride(1.5mg/kg) given at 48 hourly interval. Intraperitoneal injection of chelators commenced 1 week after the last loading injection and continued every 72 hour for a total of 10 injections. Chelators were given at a level of lmmol/kg(except, 0.01mmol/kg of BAL). The chelators used in present experiment are 1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetate(DCTA), disodium calcium ethylenediaminetetraacetate(EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetate(DTPA), triethylenetetramine hexaacetate(TTHA), D-penicillamine(DPA), N-acetylpenicilllamine(NAPA), 2,3-dimercaptopropanol(BAL), sodium 2,3-dimercaptopropanesulfonate(DMPS), sodium 2,3-dimercaptosuccinate(DMSA) , sodium diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC). In order to establish the relative abilities of chelators to mobilized liver and kidney cadmium contents, at the end of the experiment the rats were sacrified and the livers and kidneys were immediately excised. A sample of approximately 0.1mg of tissue was digested in 1.0ml of nitric acid, followed by 1.0ml of perchloric acid, and the cadmium content of the samples was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The result obtained can be summarized as follow : 1. The residual liver cadmium content was reduced in rats administered DPA. EDTA, NAPA, CDTA, DDTC and DMSA(32%, 23%, 19%, 17%, 16% and 15% respectively)compared to control group. 2. The residual kidney cadmium content was reduced in rats administered DPA, DDTC, CDTA and EDTA(33%. 21%, 18% and 17% respectively) compared to control group. 3. The summation of residual cadmium content in liver and kidney was reduced in rats administered DPA, EDTA, DDTC and CDTA(33%, 20%, 18% and 17% respectively) compared to control group. These results suggested that DPA, EDTA, CDTA and DDTC might have protective role against the toxic effects of cadmium.

수종의 표피종양에서 p53단백발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

이성열,부태성,이종석,김의한 순천향의학연구소 1996 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.2 No.2

This study was carried out to evaluate the aberrant expression of P 53 protein using immunohistochemical method in 28 basal cell carcinoma, 24 squamous cell carcinoma, 7 keratoacanthoma, and 4 Bowen's disease. Eighteen out of 28(64.3%) and twenty one out of 24(87.5%) showed positive reaction in the nucleus of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. Five out of 7(71.4%) and three out of 4(75%) showed positive reaction in the nucleus of keratoacanthoma and Bowen's disease. In conclusion, our results suggest that the aberrant expression of P53 protein is a common and an important part of the pathogenetic sequence in a majority of cases of epidermal neoplasms.