순무(Brassica campestris ssp. rapa) 뿌리로부터 지질화합물의 분리 및 동정

방면호,오영준,유종수,한민우,정해곤,정태숙,최명숙,이경태,김세영,백남인 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2007 硏究論文集 Vol.26 No.1

순무 뿌리로부터 활성 물질을 분리 동정 하기 위하여 80% MeOH 수용액으로 추출하고 이를 여과, 감압 농축하여 MeOH추출물을 얻었다. 이를 EtOAc분획, n-BuOH분획, H_(2)O분획으로 나누었으며, EtOAc분획에 대해 silica gel column chromatography를 실시하여 3종의 지질화합물을 분리 정제하였다. ^(1)H-NMR, ^(13)C-NMR, DEPT spectrum 및 Mass spectrum등을 통하여 palmitic acid methyl ester(compound 1), linolenic acid methyl ester(compound 2), linoleic acid methyl ester(compound 3)으로 구조를 결정하였다. In order to isolate and identify the active compound from the Brassica campestris ssp rapa, the roots and the root skin were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH, and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H_(2)O. From the EtOAc fraction, three compounds were isolated through the repeated silica gel column chromatographies. From the result of spectral data including NMR and MS, the chemical structures of the compound were determined as palmitic acid methyl ester (compound 1), linolenic acid methyl ester (compound 2), linoleic acid methyl ester (compound 3).

어머니의 양육태도, 양육부담감과 학령전기 자녀의 기질

방경숙 한국모자보건학회 2004 한국모자보건학회지 Vol.8 No.1

우리나라 농촌지역의 가족보건서비스 이용상태 및 가족보건 서비스 이용 요인분석

방숙,정경희,한성현 순천향대학교 1988 논문집 Vol.11 No.3

This study is aimed at (1) describing the current status of FP / MCH care services in Eumseong County, (2) identifying the determinants of the utilization of FP and MCH care services, and (3) providing the basic data needed for the effective management of FP and MCH services. This survey was conducted in Eumseoung County, Chungcheong Puk Do, a typical rural community. The data was obtained from a interview survey of 1,440 married rural women between the ages of 15 and 44 who lived in Soyi, Wonnam, and Maingdong townships. The findings were as follows. 1. Demographic characteristics of women studied On average the women's age at first marriage was of 23.7 years. The Women had 2.6 children(1.3 sons and 1.3 daughters). 10% of the women experienced deaths of children 14% of them were spontaneous abortions, 4% still-birth, and 5.5% are currently pregnant. The average ideal mnuber of children was 2.2. 44% of them considered a son as a necessity. 2. The contact rate with health service institutions was relatively high, 43.7% of them visited the health sub-center more than once over the last year, 59.6% of them the private clinic, and 41.5% the Soochunhyang-Eumseong Hospital. 3. The FP acceptance rate of respondents was 76.5% 52.3% of them used tubaligation. 54.2% of the practice was done at the pursuasion of health worker., 8.4% of the respondents had discontinued the practice of which only 26% of them had done so because they wanted to have children or reached menopause. While 74% of them did so due to side effects, discomforts, and the method failure. Thus, proper choices in contraceptive methods are not being made. The FP acceptance rate of women who have one child or less was 35.3%. Of which 38.3% resort to permanent sterilization methods. Accordingly, the case of early stopping of child-birth(after the first child) is ever increasing. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, among the variables used in this analysis, the most important factor in determining the FP practice was the number of sons. 4. Asked about attitudes toward the need for prenatal care, 66.0% of the women who gave birth during the period from Jan. 85 to June 87 stated that it was necessary. But only 50% of the women knew the proper time for the first prenatal care and its frequency. The actual percentage of women receiving prenatal care was 82%, while only 34.6% received it five times or more. Among those receiving pre-natal care, 67.8% of them used clinics or hospitals, 25.8% the MCH center. And while 70% to 80% pregnent women underwent urine tests (78%), weight measurements(77%), and blood pressure measurements(83%), only about 40% received blood tests. 5. 32.0% of the women delivered their babies at the MCH center, 23.2% at hospitals, and 18% at private clinics. Thus, institutional delivery amounted to 76.2%, while home deliveries accounted for 23.8%. Among the home delivery cases, only 26.3% used the safe delivery kit'. The reasons for choosing home delivery were low economic conditions and poor geographical accessibility. 6. 32.0% of the respondents made medical visits after birth and 27.8% of them experienced post-natal problems. The above shows that women who do not experience postnatal problems have a tendency not to make medical visits. 50% or more of the women who received postnatal care used clinics or hospitals. 7. 90% or more of the children got basic immunizations such as BCG, Polio, DPT, but 39% or them did not get the vaccinations in time. Vaccination rates for measles, JBE, and hepatitis were between 50% at birth, 30.3% of them weighed 3.0 kilograms or less and 8.9% of them were 2.5 kilograms or less. 8. Concerning the various medical institutions, respondents regarded the doctors of clinics and the workers at MCH center more highly than any other institution, and they were satisfied with the adequate medical equipment of the Soonhunhyang-Eumseong Hospital, In regard to costs, most of them said that medical costs of private institutions were rather high. 9. In examining which factors were important in utilizing institutions for prenatal care, multiple regression analysis were conducted. Results showed that the number of prenatal care received was affected by birth order and attitudes towards the necessity of prenatal care. That is getting more prenatal care demands a lower birth order and more recognition of the necessity thereof. But risk factors, except for the experience of abnormal delivery, did not have a relation with the number of prenatal care examinations. According to the multiple logit regression analysis, hospital and clinic deliveries are affected by the past experience of abnormal delivery, health insurance, birth order, and the women's pattern of labor, in the stated order. MCH center delivery is affected by the level of costs, the women's pattern of labor, and the birth order, in that order. That is, in the selection of hospital and clinic delivery, risk factors and enabling factors were more important than other factors. And in the case of MCH center delivery, enabling factors(cost) and individual characteristics (pattern of labor) were more important. Based on the findings above, it is recommended that more emphasis be placed on the following strategies in the management of family health services 1. Quantitative increase of FP activities can not be expected any further. Female sterilization has been conducted by target oriented policies. For the adequate choice of FP method which will fit the woman's characteristic, information and knowledge about her preferences must be promoted properly. And it is desirable to diversify service points for easier selection. Public education activities (for discarding son preference, spacing between children, early child-birth stopping) should also be actively done. 2. Recongnition of the necessity of prenatal care and institutional delivery is ever increasing, but the lowerclass and risk groups are being continuously alienated. Contact rates with service institutions are relatively high, but adequate and effective choices have not been made due to the lack of information and knowledge concerning prenatal care. Public institutions are not credible, and private institutions are too high in cost, and referal systems between the public and private sectors do not exist. These are the reasons for woman's dissatifaction in delivery. Postnatal care is absolutely necessary for maternal health care but being neglected. Child care is limited to only vaccination, disregarding other important and more imminent lowing strategies are recommended. First, econimic accessibility is expected to be higher by the national health insurance policy while the number of deliveries is declining. But it is uncertain whether all women will be able to receive adequate care. In order to reach the risk groups people living in remote areas requires: 1) More MCH information and education services to every women in community should be carried out through public health sub-centers and CHP's post. 2) Organization of voluntary community participation such as VHWs and more opportunities for obtanining information are needed. Second, health insurance must be applied to the preventive care, actively supporting pre-and postnatal care and child health care activities. That means the minimal MCH services should be reinforced and child health care required to include nutrition care, health examinations, etc. All the above things should be done on a public service basis. Third, a feedback system between public and private health institutions ought to be formalized. Technical and institutional support is needed for the effective management of a referal system in FP and MCH services.

강화 특화작목 지표물질의 함량 분석

유종수,방면호,정해곤,정태숙,최명숙,이경태,김세영,백남인 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2007 硏究論文集 Vol.26 No.1

강화 특화작목의 건강기능성 식품 제품화의 가능성을 타진하고 재배작물의 표준화 연구를 위해 사자발쑥, 싸주아리쑥 그리고 순무에 대해 총 폴리페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하였다. 총 폴리페놀 함량은 사자발쑥이 9.5mg/g, 싸주아리쑥이 7.4mg/g, 순무가 1.8mg/g으로 총 플라보노이드 함량은 사자발쑥이 4.3mg/g, 싸주아리쑥이 3.6mg/g, 순무가 0.4mg/g으로 확인 되었다. 또한 강화 약쑥의 유효지표성분인 eupatilin과 jaceosidin이 사자발쑥에는 각각 208mg/100g, 118mg/100g, 싸주아리쑥에는 199mg/100g, 111mg/100g 함유된 것을 HPLC를 통해 확인하였다. This study was conducted to investigate the contents of total polyphenol and total flavonoid of three Ganghwa indigenous crops, two varieties of Artemisia princeps Pampanini (Sajabalssuk, Sajuarissuk) and Brassica campestris ssp rapa. Total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents of Sajabalssuk were 9.5 and 4.3 mg/g, those of Sajuarissuk were 7.4 and 3.6 mg/g, those of B. campestris ssp rapa were 1.8 and 0.4 mg/g, respectively. The contents of eupatilin and jaceosidin in A. princeps Pampanini which were calculated by HPLC, were determined 208 mg/100g, 118 mg/100g in Sajabalssuk and 199 mg/100g, 111 mg/100g in Sajuarissuk, respectively.

싸주아리쑥(Artemisia herba)으로부터 phytol의 분리

유종수,방면호,정해곤,정태숙,최명숙,이경태,백남인 경희대학교식량자원개발연구소 2006 硏究論文集 Vol.25 No.-

싸주아리쑥 지상부의 80% MeOH 추출물로부터 얻어진 EtOAc 분획물에 대하여 silica gel 및 ODS column chromatography를 반복하여 diterpene을 분리하였다. 화합물의 화학구조는, NMR, MS 및 IR 등의 스펙트럼을 해석하여 phytol로 동정하였다. The aerial part of Artemisia herba was extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrated extract was partitioned with EtOAc, n-BuOH and H_(2)O, successively. From the EtOAc fraction, a terpenoid was isolated through the repeated silica gel and ODS column chromatographies. From the result of physico-chemical data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structure of the compound was determined as phytol.

암 병동 간호사의 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도

공성화,방찌야,서민숙,현신숙,김희정,이미애1,이미애2,유현희,허재경,김은애,박경숙 성인간호학회 2004 성인간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of oncology ward nurses toward cancer pain management and to find ways to improve the educational program for nurses. Method: A total of 209 nurses working at the oncology ward of three hospitals in Seoul and a Gyenggi Province. The survey instrument used was the 32-item scale for evaluating nurses knowledge and attitudes originally developed by McCaffery and Ferrell'(1990). that was by Kim'(1997). Result: In terms of the nurses knowledge of pain management. the result showed that the nurses scored an average of 67.8 out of 100 for phamacokinetics of opioids. 84.8 for classification of analgesics, 60.1 for pain assessment, and 70.7 for drug administration. 18.2% of the nurses hesitate to inject the narcotic agent because of concerns regarding the drug's potential side effects. there was significant difference in the knowledge of pain management according to the general characteristics of pain in terms of the nurses age(p=.001), position (p=.016). years of experiences(p=.002), experience of cancer pain education(p= .001). Conclusion: The also showed that nurses working at cancer ward lack knowledge. It is important to provide intensive education to nurses about cancer pain management.

黃菊과 黑薔薇를 이용한 기능성 花茶 개발 Ⅰ.花茶의 製茶 前後의 理化學的 特性

서정근,조경숙,방극필 韓國植物ㆍ人間ㆍ環境學會 1999 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.2 No.2

본 연구는 화차의 비율별 제조공정에 따른 이화학적 특성을 조사하기 위하여 수행되었다. 건조전 수분함량은 흑장미나 황국에 비해 녹차가 85.3%로 가장 높았으나 건조 후 수분량은 녹차가 4.55%인데 비해 황국화와 흑장미가 7.42와 7.45%로서 꽃이 수분함량이 높게 나타났다. 조지방은 황국화 5.17%, 흑장미 3.70%, 녹차 2.12%순으로 향이 강한 황국이 가장 높았으며, 총엽록소는 녹차가 499.8(㎎/100g)로 가장 높은데 비해 황국화는 29.8%, 흑장미는 엽록소가 없는 것으로 나타나 엽을 이용하는 부위와 꽃잎을 이용하는 부위의 엽록소 함량 차이가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 조섬유와 조회분은 녹차가 7.59%, 4.82%로 식용꽃에 비해 함량이 높았다. Tannin은 흑장미가 18.99%로 가장 높았으며, 녹차가 14.21%, 황국화가 4.18%순으로 시료간의 성분함량 차이가 컸었다. caffeine은 녹차에서만 3.17%를 함유하고 있었으나 꽃에서는 카페인 성분이 없었다. 칼로리는 전체적으로 비슷한 경향치를 보였으나 흑장미가 가장 낮은 열량을 보였으며, 무기성분함량은 황국이 칼륨 2.57%, 칼슘 0.55%, 마그네슘 0.35%로 전체적으로 녹차와 흑장미보다 높았다. 녹차와 꽃을 혼합한 비율시험에서 처리별 탄닌, 유리아미노산, 전질소, 조지방 및 카페인 변화량은 녹차가 꽃시료보다 함량이 높을 경우 녹차의 혼합비율이 높을수록 비율별 일정하게 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 낮은 경우에는 그 반대 경향을 보였다. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of mixed ration on the quality characteristics in manufacture of functional flower tea before dried was 85% and the level of moisture content was higher than the yellow chrysanthemum(C.indicum) and black rose(Rosa hybrida). Yet green tea has 4.55% moisture content after dried, moisture content of flower after dried was higher as the yellow chrysanthemum and black rose have 7.42% and 7.35% moisture content. The yellow chrysanthemum with strong scent has the highest fat among green tea 2.12%, black rose 3.70%, and yellow chrysanthemum 5.17%. Green tea highest chlorophyll as 499.8%(㎎/100g), but yellow chrysanthemum has 29.8% and black rose has none. There was a big difference in chlorophyll between a leaf and a petal. Green tea has higher fiber and lime (7.25%, 4.82%) than esculent flower. There was a large ingredient content difference. Black rose has the highest tannin 18.99%, green tea has 14.21%, and yellow chrysanthemum has 2.12%. Only green tea has caffeine 3.17%, and not in flower. Generally they have similar amount of calorie, but block rose has least. The inorganic ingredient content of yellow chrysanthemum is potassium 2.57%, calcium 0.55%, magnesium 0.35% and green tea mixed-rate was higher and higher, tannin, free amino acid, nitrogen, fat, and caffeine are increased regularly in the ratio test of green tea with flower. But if green tea has less content than material flower, they are opposite.

Purge & Trap-GC를 이용한 의약품 필름코팅 정제 중 잔류용제에 관한 연구

장준식,이명자,소유섭,문춘선,이주헌,박희라,김진숙,강경모,이선옥,방성연,유미자,유문균,금오성,이병욱 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

의약품은 약물을 생체에 적풋하기 위하여 유효성분의 효과가 언제나 일정하게 확보되고 사응에 편리하도록 만들어지는 것이므로 유효썽분 이외에 약효에 영향을 주지 않는 성분이 첨가되는 경운가 많다. 이 때 사용되는 용매들은 제피의 광택 및 건쪼시간의 단축 등을 위하여 휘발점이 낮을 용매들이 주로 사용되어진다. 본 연구는 의약품 필름코팅정제 중 잔류용매 4종(chlorofonr benzen, trichloro ethylen, 1,4-dioxane)에 대한 변형된 pirge & trap-GC 장치를 이용한 동시분석방법을 개발하였으며, 각 표준품의 RSD 값은 chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69% and 1,4-dioxane 3.41%였다. 또한 시중 유통중인 의약품 50종에 대하여 잔류웅매 양을 측정하였으며, 검출되는 잔류용매는 한 건도 없었다. This study nras carried out to develope the analytical method for the mixture of chlorefonn, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane simultaneously and determine the remainingorgauic solvents in coating tablets by Purge & Trap-GC. The results were as follouFs ; 1. Chloroform, benzen, trio:tloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane separated by tenax #5 trap by HP-624GC column by terrlperature programming. The peaks were separated completely at retentiontime of 6.88min for chloroform, 8.21min for benzen, 10.38miu for trichloroethylen and 11.95minfor 1,4-dioxane. 2. Standard RSD were individually chloroform 3.03%, benzen 3.17%, trichloroethylen 3.69%and 1,4-diorane 3.41%. 3. 60 samples were not detrcted chloroform, benzen, trichloroethylen and 1,4-dioxane.

Physical Symptoms, Depression, and Related Factors of Late School-age Children in Seoul, Korea: The Mediating Role of Peer Relationships

Bang, Kyung-Sook,Kim, Sungjae,Kang, Kyungim,Song, Minkyung Elsevier 2018 Journal of Pediatric Nursing Vol.43 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>Recent studies have highlighted the importance of peer relationships on the physical and mental health of late school-age children. However, little is known about the causal relationships whereby peer relationships affect health problems. This study aimed to examine the specific associations between physical symptoms and depression and their influential factors, including the quality of peer relationships. Additionally, the causal relationships were examined, focusing on the mediating role of the quality of peer relationships.</P> <P><B>Design and Methods</B></P> <P>A cross-sectional study design was employed with 302 elementary students in grades four and five. Perceived socioeconomic status, the quality of peer relationships, family functioning, physical symptoms, and depression symptoms were measured with self-report questionnaires. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, <I>t</I>-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlations, and multiple regression.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The number of reported physical symptoms had a significant negative correlation with peer relationships (r = −0.517, p < 0.001) and family functioning (r = −0.279, p < 0.001). Depression was significantly negatively correlated with the quality of peer relationships (r = −0.775, p < 0.001) and family functioning (r = −0.428, p < 0.001). Peer relationships mediated the link between family functioning and physical symptoms. Peer relationships also mediated the relationship between family functioning and depression.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Peer relationships significantly influenced the physical and mental health of late school-age children in Korea.</P> <P><B>Practice Implications</B></P> <P>Nursing intervention programs for improving peer relationships among children may be necessary to achieve their optimal health status.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Children's physical and mental health correlated with family function and peer relationships. </LI> <LI> Number of reported physical symptoms negatively correlated with perceived socioeconomic status. </LI> <LI> Peer relationships mediate between family function and both depression and physical symptoms. </LI> <LI> Nursing intervention programs for peer relationships are necessary for children to achieve optimal health status. </LI> </UL> </P>

The environment and children’s health

Kyung-Sook Bang 한국아동간호학회 2023 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.29 No.1