전격성 경과를 취한 만성 호산구성 폐렴 환자 1예

윤호상,진춘조,유광하,이상엽,이수인,정상만,김선두,이순제,이길도,전혜정 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2000 건국의과학학술지 Vol.10 No.-

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia(CEP) is a rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronic infiltration of the lung with eosinophils. It presents with profound systemic symptoms comprising fever, night sweats, weight loss, dyspnea and blood eosinophilia with nonsegmental air-space consolidation confined to the outer third of the lung, the "photographic negative of pulmonary edema". Histopathologic features of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia are intraalveolar and interstitial infiltrations with eosinophils, histiocytes, giant cells, scattered lymphocytes and plasma cells. Glucocorticoid therapy cause prompt resolution of symptoms as well as disappearans of blood eosinophils, elevated serum Ig E levels and the roentgenographic lesions. Infrequent radiographic findings include nodular infiltrates, consolidations, cavitations, atelectasis and pleural effusions. Deaths from CEP although rare, have been reported, but the majorities of CEP have benign courses and do not need a therapy with ventilator. We report a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, which had a sudden course associated with diffuse pneumonic consolidations on the both lung and bilateral pleural effusion.

성인 자원자에서 B방식 초음파를 이용해 측정한 경동맥 내막중막두께의 분포

이선규,황희영,김형식,장미선,이은주,강문호,고광곤 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.11

우측 대장에 발생한 연소성 용종 1예

이준식,박성한,홍현진,안광순,김지연,배용목,이은영,박선자 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Juvenile polyp, also known as a retention polyp because they contain mucin cysts, is a relatively common hamartomatous lesion in chlidhood. It occurs in 1-2% of children and young adults; however it is uncommon in adulthood. Juvenile polyp is rare in the first year of life and is thus presumed to be acquired and not congenital. It is pedunculated, 2-3 cm in size, red-tan in colour, smooth and always shows fluid filled cystic spaces on cut surface. Histologically, Juvenile polyps are hamartomatous with distended, mucus-filled glands, often with cystic dilatation and edematous lamina propria containing abundant vasculature. The most common manifestation is rectal bleeding produced by auto-amputation of the polyp. Juvenile polyp has been considered not to be at increased risk of developing carcinoma. However, atypical epithelium is observed in some lesions, especially in larger polyps, which may give rise to adenoma and subsequent malignant transformation. Therefore the diagnosis of solitary juvenile polyp should not be made only with colonoscopy and biopsy, but should be totally resected endoscopically for pathologic evaluation. About 90% of the lesions are solitary and localized within 20cm from anal verge. In Korea, there are some reports of juvenile polyps located in the rectosigmoid colon. We report one case of juvenile polyp in adolescent that presented as a hematochezia & abdominal pain, which is located at right colon.

변압기 설계에 대한 최적화 연구

李洸稙,李善熙 서울産業大學校 1989 논문집 Vol.29 No.1

This study presents an optimal design of transformer in which core cross-section area, length, and window area are utilized, so that the currently existing proposition is reviewed to be economical when core value approximates the coil value. This transformer design has resulted that the optimal value can be obtained when coil value is higher than core value by 20%-30%. Furthermore, this new design is provided to have outgrown the past trial and error and makes it possible to design to design a more sophisticated transformer.

실리콘 미세가공 기술을 이용한 마이크로 진공 센서

이광만,고성택,김영민,고희선 濟州大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.9 No.1

A micro-vacuum sensor has been fabricated by using silicon micromachining techniques and platinum thin film. NON insulator was deposited by LPCVD and APCVD methods. The insulator diaphragm was fabricated by silicon anisotropic etching in TMAH solution. Thin film platinum heater and temperature detector were deposited by rf sputtering method and patterning was performed by means of lift-off method. Deposited platinum heater and temperature detector have been shown a linear I-V characteristics. TCR( temperature coefficient of resistance) of thin film platinum heater and temperature detector was about 0.0042/℃. Fabricated vacuum sensor was measured in the range of 1X 10^(-3) Torr to 1X10^(2) Torr. and shows a good linear operating characteristics in the range of 1x1^(-2) Torr에서 1X10^(0) Torr.

쐐기형 5급 와동과 근관와동을 복합레진으로 수복한 상악소구치에 대한 응력 분석 : 3차원 유한요소법적 연구

이선화,김현철,허복,김광훈,손권,박정길 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.6

이 연구의 목적은 쐐기형 5급 와동과 근관와동을 복합레진으로 수복한 상악 제2소구치에 대한 응력 분포를 3차원 유한요소법으로 분석하여 평가하기 위한 것이다. 발치된 상악 제2소구치를 이용하여 Micro-CT로 스캔한 후 3D-D0C-TOR로 3차원 유한요소 모형을 제작하였다. 제작된 소구치 모형에 근관 와동을 형성하고 쐐기형 5급 와동과 글래스 아이오노머 기저재의 사용 여부를 구분하여 근관 와동을 혼합형 복합레진으로 충전하였다. 협측 교두 또는 설측 교두에 500 N의 하중을 가하고, ANSYS 8.0 프로그램으로 인장 응력의 분포를 분석하여 평가한 결과 베이스 사용유무에 따른 응력 분포의 차이는 없었다. 협측 교두에 하중이 가해질 때, 하중점과 교합면의 중심구, 구개측 백악법랑경계부에 과도한 인장 응력이 집중되었으며, 5급 와동이 없는 경우보다 5급 와동이 있는 경우에 약간 더 높았다. 설측 교두의 협측 경사면에 하중이 가해질 때, 하중점과 교합면의 중심구, 협측 치경부에 과도한 인장 응력이 집중되었으며, 5급 와동이 있는 경우가 5급 와동이 없는 경우보다 약간 더 낮았다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of tensile stress of canal obturated maxillary second premolar with access cavity and notch-shaped class Ⅴ cavity restored with composite resin using a 3D finite element analysis. The tested groups were classified as 8 situations by only access cavity or access cavity with notch-shaped class Ⅴ cavity (S or N), loading condition (L1 or L2), and with or without glass ionomer cement base (R1 or R2). A static load of 500 N was applied at buccal and palatal cusps. Notch-shaped cavity and access cavity were filled microhybrid composite resin (Z100) with or without GIC base (Fuji Ⅱ LC). The tensile stresses presented in the buccal cervical area, palatal cervical area and occlusal surface were analyzed using ANSYS. Tensile stress distributions were similar regardless of base. When the load was applied on the buccal cusp, excessive high tensile stress was concentrated around the loading point and along the central groove of occlusal surface. The tensile stress values of the tooth with class Ⅴ cavity were slightly higher than that of the tooth without class Ⅴ cavity. When the load was applied the palatal cusp, excessive" high tensile stress was concentrated around the loading point and along the central groove of occlusal surface. The ten-sile stress values of the tooth without class Ⅴ cavity were slightly higher than that of the tooth with class Ⅴ cavity.

최소자승법을 이용한 다수 베타 방출 핵종 혼합물의 방사능 분석

선광일,남욱원,공경남,김창규,이동명,이상국 대한방사선 방어학회 2001 방사선방어학회지 Vol.26 No.4

베타선 스펙트럼의 최대 에너지가 확실하게 구별되는 2개의 핵종만을 포함하는 혼합시료의 경우에는 최대 에너지가 다르다는 점을 이용하여 손쉽게 각 핵종의 방사능값을 측정할 수 있다. 그러나 3개 이상의 베타 방출 핵종이 포함된 혼합물에 대해서는 각 핵종의 스펙트럼이 서로 겹치기 때문에 이러한 방법으로 구해진 방사능값은 신뢰도가 떨어지게 된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 최소자승법을 이용하여 혼합물의 중첩된 베타선 스펙트럼을 각각 분리 정량분석할 수 있는 밥법을 제시하였다. 또한, 실제로 4개의 베타 방출 핵종 ^3H, ^14C, ^16Cl, 90Sr)이 혼합된 사료를 조제하여 본 분석법을 검증한 결과 최고치 Reference value)와 분석치가 7% 이내에서 잘 일치함을 보였다. It is possible to count and perform quench correction on two β-label samples so long as the maximum β-energies are sufficiently different. However, when the coventional technique is applied to the radioassay of a mixture of more than three nuclides, the reliability of the activiteis determined is considerably reduced, resulting from the large overlapping of liquid scintillation pulse height distributions of ezch nuclide. A technique that allows the activities of multiple β-labeled samples to be radioassayed was proposed by using the least square method. The technique was applied to mixture samples of ^3H, ^14C, ^16Cl, and ^90Sr. The analytical values were in good agreement with the reference values within 7% relstive error.

유착성 견관절낭염 환자에서 견갑상신경과 견갑배신경의 병합 차단술의 효과

이삼규,노성만,선광진 대한스포츠의학회 2000 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Objective : To investigate the effect of combined nerve block of suprascpular and dorsal scapular nerve as a means of pain management in adhesive capsulitis of shoulder. Method : Of the 55 patients with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder, 30 patients〔age: 62.55(47.2-72-7) years, symptom duration: 60(3-365) days, 12 males and 28 females〕were treated with combined nerve blocks of suprascpular and dorsal scapular nerve as a means of pain management, But, 25 patients〔age : 54.0(25.0-75.0) years, symptom duration: 90(3-730)days, 11 males and 14 females〕were not treated with nerve block. We measured the ROM of flexion and external rotation(˙) as degree via AMA method and VAS(mm). as a degree of shoulder pain weekly. We defined therapeutic duration as above 80% recovery of normal active ROM in flexion and external rotation and below 40mm in VAS. Results : 1) There were significantly decreased VAS from 90mm to 30mm in postnerve block group during serial follow-up exam(p<0.001). 2) There were significantly increased ROM of shoulder flexion from 150˚ to 170˚ in post-nerve block group duing serial follow-up exam (p<0001). 3) There were significantly increased ROM of shoulder external rotation form 40˚ to 60˚ in post-nerve block group during serial follow-up exam(p<0.001). 4) There was significantly increased in exercise compliance(sself-exercise time duration per day) from 60.0 minute to 92.0 minute and decreased in therapeutic duration from 6 weeks to 3 weeks(p<0.001). Conclusion : We concluded that the combined nerve blocks of suprascapular and dorsal scapular nerve were simple, safe, and effective procedure and beneficial to pain relief and shortening of the theraprtic duration of rehabilitative management in patients with adhesive capsulitis of shoulder.

장애 영·유아 조기발견 및 진단·평가 방안 연구

이미선,강병호,김주영,조광순 국립특수교육원 2001 연구보고서 Vol.- No.6

본 연구는 유아특수교육 분야에 있어 장애영·유아 조기발견 및 진단·평가의 중요성을 인식하고, 조기발견 및 진단-평가의 대상이 되는 우리 나라 유아특수교육 대상자의·새로운 정의와 기준 및 장애영·유아 조기발견 및 진단·평가 방안을 모색함으로써 향후 이들의 장애를 예방하거나 최소화하고, 교육 및 가족의 삶의 질을 향상시키며, 궁극적으로는 이들의 사회통합 강화와 국가 예산의 절감 효과를 가져오도록 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구에서는 장애영·유아 사정 단계별 개념과 절차 및 최근의 사정 동향과 쟁점, 우리 나라와 주요 선진국의 장애영·유아 조기발견 및 진단·평가 정책과실제에 관한 문헌을 분석하였고, 유아특수교육기관의 교사, 유아특수교육기관에 재학하고 있는 장애영·유아 부모, 그리고 기타 장애영·유아 조기발견 및 진단·평가 관련 전문가를대상으로 심층면담을 실시하였으며, 연구자 협의회를 개최하였다. 본 연구는 문헌분석, 심층면담 분석 및 연구자 협의회 결과를 모두 종합하여 다음과 같은 방안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 1차 예방적 접근에 따라 우리 나라 유아특수교육 대상자의 새로운 정의와 기준을규정하되, 비범주적 접근인 '발달지체'라는 개념을 도입한다. 따라서, "장애영·유아"는 유아특수교육을 필요로 하는 만 6세 미만의 아동을 말하며, 인지발달, 언어(의사소통) 발달,사회·정서발달, 운동발달, 자조기술(적응행동)에 심각한 발달지체를 나타내는 경우로서 발달지체 기준에 부합하는 경우, 의학적 진단에 의한 장애 조건, 기타 심리·정신적 문제를 가진 아동 및 장애위험 아동을 포함한다. 이 때, 발달지체를 판정할 수 있는 기준으로서 양적 기준과 질적 기준을 모두 사용한다. 둘째, 장애아동을 조기에 발견하기 위해 조기발견 정책은 발견·등록 및 관리·진단 대상 아동의 정의, 대중 인식 프로그램의 실시, 의뢰체계 구축, 주 선별담당 기관에 의한 주기적인 선별검사 실시, 해당 아동의 등록·관리, 장애 가능성이 있는 아동의 진단 의뢰,조기발견에 대한 인식 유지 활동 등의 절차에 의해 체계적으로 이루어지도륵 한다. 셋째, 장애영 유아 특성에 적절한 진단·평가 절차와 방법에 관한 지침을 개발하고, 아동 및 부모 모두에게 중요한 의사결정이 이루어지는 유아특수교육 대상자의 적격성 판정 및교육기관 배치를 위한 진단 단계와 IEP 개발을 위한 평가 단계의 최소한의 중요 요소는 법규로 제정하며, 보다 구체적인 진단·평가 절차와 방법은 각 시·도 교육과정 편성·운영지침이나 지역교육청의 장학 자료로 사용될 수 있도록 널리 보급한다. 또한, 현재 시범 운영되고 있는 특수교육지원센터는 수요자들의 접근성 및 인적·물적 자원의 이용이 용이한특수학교에 우선 설치한다. 특수교육지원센터는 진단·평가팀을 구성하여 운영하되, 한정된 예산 및 전문가의 활용 가능성 등을 고려하여 진단·평가팀 구성원의 탄력적인 조직,연중 상시의 진단보다는 연중 정해진 날의 질단 실시, 의학적 진단을 포함한 다양한 분야의 종합적인 진단이 이루어지도록 한다. 진단·평가팀은 종합적인 진단 결과에 기초하여아동의 유아특수교육 대상자로서의 적격성과 교육기관 배치를 결정하도록 한다. 넷째, 선별, 진단, 교육 프로그램 계획, 아동의 진전 점검 등 각 사정 단계에 따른 다양한 사정도구 즉, 선별검사, 표준화 규준참조형 사정도구, 교육과정중심 사정도구를 국가차원의 지원 하에 개발하거나 외국의 것을 재표준화한다. 또한, 다양한 비형식적 가족진단 검사를개발하여 가족 요구,관심사 및 강점 등을 사정할 수 있도록 한다. 다섯째, 아동을 조기에 발견하고, 발견된 아동을 정화하게 진단하며, 이들에게 적절한중재 프로그램을 계획하기 위해 유아(특수)교육 교사나 관련 전문가들을 대상은로 하늘 선별요원 양성 과정, 유차특수교육 교사를 대상으로 한 장애영 '유아 진단'평가요원 연수과정을 개선하여 실시한다. 또한, 의료 보건 전문의를 비롯한 유아특수교육 관련 분얀의 전문가들이 다양한 분야의 전문가들을 서로 만나서 토의하고 협력할 수 있는 연수 혹은 워크숍의 기회를 제공하고, 이들의 직전교육을 강찬한다. 사정 과정에 있어 교사를 포함한 관련 전문가들은 가족참여의 중요성을 인식하곤, 가족과 동반자적인 관계를 구축하고 긴밀하게 협력하며, 가족을 다학문적팀의 완전한 구성원으로 인정해야 한다. 또한, 사정 과정에 가족들이 보다 적극적으로 참여할 수 있도록 부모에게 친숙한 사정 자료를 사용하거나 교사와 부모간의 사정 결과를 공유하는 등 다양한 전략을 사용하도록 한다. 마지막으로, 장애위험 영·유아 및 장애영아를 무상의 유아특수교육 대상자로 포함시키되, 순차적으로 실시하며, 장애아동의 조기발견, 진단·평가 및 이에 따른 교육 서비스가 효율적으로 이루어지도록 중앙정부 수준부터 지역사회 수준에 이르기까지 관련 부처간 협력체계를 구축하고, 이를 위해 관련 부처간 혹은 관련 기관간 협의체를 구성한다. 또한, 장애아동의 조기발견 정책을 보다 효율적으로 추진할 수 있도록 조기발견 시범사업을 실시 하고 이에 대한 예산을 지원하도록 한다. 조기발견 시범사업에 의해 도출된 선별의 효과, 비용 및 참여율 등의 평가 결과는 추후 조기발견 사업 계획에 적극 반영하도록 한다. Based on the recognition of the importance of early detection(child-find and screening) of ifants and preschoolers with disabilities along with their . diagnosis, and evaluation in the field of early childhood special education, the purpose of this study is to set a new definition and eligibility criteria for those who are subject to early detection, diagnosis, and evaluation; and to find strategies that will help early detecaon, diagnosis, and evaluation in order to henceforth prevent or minimize their disability, improve the quality of education of infants and preschoolers with disabilities and their families' living and eventually strengthen their social integration and reduce the national budget. To achieve the purpose of this study, Iiterature related to the concept and procedure of assessment by stage of ifants and preschoolers with disabilities, along with the recent tendencies and issues, policies and practices of child-find, screening, diagnosis, program planning, and program evaluation of infants and preschoolers with disabilities in Korea and developed nations were analyzed; in-depth interviews were conducted with teachers from education institutions for ifants and preschoolers with disabitities, mothers whose children attend the institutions, and other specialisls who are relevant to the field of early detection, diagnosis, and evaluation of infants and preschoolers with disabilities; and conferences by the researchers of this study were held several times. Putting together the results from the aforementioned analysis of literature, in-depth interviews, and conferences, this study presents the following strategies. First, according to the primary prevention appreach, form the new definition of children who receive early childhood special education and eligibility criteria for early childhood special education, but introduce the notion of "developmerltal delay" which is an un-categorical approach. Therefore, infants and preschoolers with disabilities refer to children under age 6 who need early childhood special education, and this includes children who show developmental delays in cognitive development, language(communication) development, social-emetional development, physical developent, and self-help stills(adaptive behaviors) that meet the criteria for developmental delays pesented in this study, children who are medically diagnosed to have disabled conditions, children who have other psychological or mental poblems, and children at risk Here, both quantitative and qualitative standards are used as the criteria to determine developental delays. Secorid, in order to detect children with disabilities at an early stage, systematic pocedures should be introduced in the policr of early detection such as defining the children who is subject to discovery, registration and tracking, and diagnosis; providing pblic awareness programs; establishing referral systems; carrying out screening tese that will be conducted periodically by the main sneening institution; registering and tracking pertinent children; referring children who show possibilities of disabilities to be diagnesed; and maintaining awareness on early detection. Third, develop guidelines for diagnosis and evaluation that are appropriate to the characteristics of infents and preschoolers with disabilities; regulate by law and regulation the minimum important elements that relate to·assessment process for diagnosis to make an eligibility and placement decision of the childreri who will receive early childhood special education, which will be important decision-making both for the children and parents and that relate to the assessment pocess for IEP development; and spread more detailed pocedures and mrthods so that they can be used as guidelines for the developerlt and management of the curriculum at the metropolitan and provinrial level or as materials for supervision at regional level. In addition establish special education support centers, which are currently being operated as the model, at special schools that are easily accessible by demanders and that are easy to acquire human and material resources. Special education support centers should form and operate multidisciplinary assessment teams. However, they should take in consideration aspects such as limited budget and availability of multidisciplinaiy specialists, and make flexible composition of assessment teams, operating on fixed days throughout the year rather than ordinary times year round, and making comprehensive diagnosis of various fields, including medical diagnosis. The assessment teams should allow the compehensive diagnosis results to be the basis of eligibility for a subject to receive early childhood special edtlcation and for placement of education institiltions. Fourth, develop various instruments aided by the government such as screening tests, standardized nom-referenced assessment instruments, assessment curriculum-based assessment instruments, or re-standardize appopriate foreign assessment instruments for each assessment stage, which indudes stages such as screening, diagnosis, program planning, and progress monitoring. Furthermore, develop various informal family diagnosis instruments to assess the family’s piorities, concerns, and strengths. Fifth, in order to find children with disabilities at an early stage; correctlydiagnose the discovered children; and plan appropriate inteuention program forthenL provide early childhood (special) education teachers and pe.tinent specialistswith training programs that teach the process of screening. Allow early childhoodspecial education teachers to receive training programs that teach how to diagnoseand evaluate infanc and peschoolers with disabilities. Ill additiof povide the opportunities of in-service training or wortshops so that specialists in various fieldsrelating to early childhood special education, including medical care professionals, can meet to discuss and cooperate, and strengthen their pre-service training programs. Teachers and specialists should be aware of the importance of flmily participation in the assessment process, and they should build partnership, keep close cooperation, and acknowledge the family as a full meuber of the multidisciplinaly assessment team. They should also allow the parents and other flmily members to participate even more actively by strategies such as usirg assessment materials that is familiar to the parents or having joint ownership of the assessment results between parents and teachers. Last, include infants and preschoolers at risk of disabilities and infants wilh disabilities as the subjects to receive free early childhood special education, but conduct it gradually. Also, establish collaborative systems among those from fields of education, medical service, and welfare from the central government to the regional level, so that early detection, diagnosis, evaluation of children with disabilities and education services can run effectively, and for this there must be a council of collaboration among related departments or institutions. Moreover, to promote an even more effective policy to find children with disabilities at an early stage, a model program for early detection should be conducted and the budget for this should be granted. Evaluation results such as screening effectiveness, budget used, and the rate of participation in the screening should be deduced from the model program, and afterwards positively reflected in the project of the early detection programs.

실리콘 미세가공 기술을 이용한 마이크로 진공 센서

이광만,고성택,김영민,고희선 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1998 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.9 No.1

A micro-vacuum sensor has been fabricated by using silicon micromachining techniques and platinum thin film. NON insulator was deposited by LPCVD and APCVD methods. The insulator diaphragm was fabricated by silicon anisotropic etching in TMAH solution. Thin film platinum heater and temperature detector were deposited by rf sputtering method and patterning was performed by means of lift-off method. Deposited platinum heater and temperature detector have been shown a linear Ⅰ-Ⅴ characteristics. TCR(temperature coefficient of resistance) of thin film platinum heater and temperature detector was about 0.0042/℃. Fabricated vacuum sensor was measured in the range of 1x10­³Torr to 1×10² Torr, and shows a good linear operating characteristics in the range of 1x10­² Torr에서 1x10˚Torr.