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리네졸리드와 반코마이신을 교대로 투여하여 치료한 지속성 메티실린 내성 황색포도알균 균혈증 1예
김낙현,김문석,장은선,강유민,김가연,장희창,박완범,김의종,김남중,오명돈 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.6
Persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia is frequently defined as bacteremia persisting for ≥7 days despite proper antibiotic therapy. Its treatment includes removal of all infection foci and proper antibiotic therapy. Vancomycin remains the antibiotic of choice in MRSA bacteremia. Alternative agents, linezolid or daptomycin, are available, but a consensus regarding management of persistent MRSA bacteremia on vancomycin failure is still lacking. We report a case of a 60-year-old male who received thoracoabdominal aorta replacement operation due to dissecting aneurysm of the ascending and descending aorta. Surgical site infection and bacteremia caused by MRSA occured, and wound debridement operations were performed. The patient was treated with vancomycin in therapeutic doses but MRSA bacteremia persisted for 168 days in a row. Although the inserted aortic graft was the most probable source of persistent bacteremia, surgical removal was impossible. Linezolid was administered as an alternative antibiotic but had to be discontinued from time to time due to thrombocytopenia induced by this agent. In the end, MRSA bacteremia was successfully managed by alternating vancomycin-linezolid therapy.
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김문석,김가연,강유민,김낙현,전재현,박완범,김홍빈,김남중,박상원,홍윤호,오명돈 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.5
Plasmodium vivax malaria is an endemic disease in Korea, which rarely causes severe complications including those occurring in the cerebrum. There are limited numbers of complicated cases that have been reported around the world. We experienced a case of vivax malaria with cerebral complication: cognitive impairment and ataxia. A 55-year-old female with diabetes mellitus presented to the emergency department with acute fever of two days’ duration. She did not have any history of travelling abroad or receiving blood transfusions. Peripheral blood smear revealed vivax malaria with parasitemia density of 0.53 percent. She demonstrated loss of orientation, especially regarding time and place, and ataxia. Although the initial hydroxychloroquine treatment for malaria was successful, cognitive impairment and ataxia persisted and were not recovered. Brain MRI showed no structural abnormality. Brain PET showed diffuse hypometabolism in right parieto-temporal lobe of the brain.
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Hofmeister anionic effects on hydration electric fields around water and peptide.
Kim, Heejae,Lee, Hochan,Lee, Gayeon,Kim, Haeyoung,Cho, Minhaeng American Institute of Physics 2012 The Journal of chemical physics Vol.136 No.12
<P>Specific ion effects on water dynamics and local solvation structure around a peptide are important in understanding the Hofmeister series of ions and their effects on protein stability in aqueous solution. Water dynamics is essentially governed by local hydrogen-bonding interactions with surrounding water molecules producing hydration electric field on each water molecule. Here, we show that the hydration electric field on the OD bond of HOD molecule in water can be directly estimated by measuring its OD stretch infrared (IR) radiation frequency shift upon increasing ion concentration. For a variety of electrolyte solutions containing Hofmeister anions, we measured the OD stretch IR bands and estimated the hydration electric field on the OD bond to be about a hundred MV?cm with standard deviation of tens of MV?cm. As anion concentration increases from 1 to 6 M, the hydration electric field on the OD bond decreases by about 10%, indicating that the local H-bond network is partially broken by dissolved ions. However, the measured hydration electric fields on the OD bond and its fluctuation amplitudes for varying anions are rather independent on whether the anion is a kosmotrope or a chaotrope. To further examine the Hofmeister effects on H-bond solvation structure around a peptide bond, we examined the amide I' and II' mode frequencies of N-methylacetamide in various electrolyte D(2)O solutions. It is found that the two amide vibrational frequencies are not affected by ions, indicating that the H-bond solvation structure in the vicinity of a peptide remains the same irrespective of the concentration and character of ions. The present experimental results suggest that the Hofmeister anionic effects are not caused by direct electrostatic interactions of ions with peptide bond or water molecules in its first solvation shell. Furthermore, even though the H-bond network of water is affected by ions, thus induced change of local hydration electric field on the OD bond of HOD is not in good correlation with the well-known Hofmeister series. We anticipate that the present experimental results provide an important clue about the Hofmeister effect on protein structure and present a discussion on possible alternative mechanisms.</P>
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Kim Min-Kyung,Lee Kyung-Shin,Ham Sin Young,Choi Youn Young,Lee Eunyoung,Lee Seungjae,Lee Bora,Jeon Jaehyun,Chin BumSik,Kim Yeonjae,Kim Gayeon,Jang Hee-Chang,Choi Jae-Phil,Park Sang-Won 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.35
Background: Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is highly effective in preventing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in high-risk patients with mild-to-moderate severity. However, real-world performance data are limited, and the drug is not so acceptable to the COVID-19 patients at high risk who need it in Korea. Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, we conducted a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study on patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 at high risk for a severe disease who were hospitalized at four hospitals in South Korea from February 2022 to April 2022. A total of 236 patients in the treatment group (administered nirmatrelvir-ritonavir) and 236 in the matched control group (supportive care only) were analyzed for the primary outcome, i.e., the time to oxygen support-free survival. The secondary outcome was a composite result of disease progression. The reason for not prescribing nirmatrelvir-ritonavir to the indicated patients was also investigated. Results: The treatment group showed significantly longer oxygen support-free survival than the matched control group (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01–0.31; P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age (aHR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00–1.07), National Early Warning Score-2 at admission (aHR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.08–1.71), nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment, female sex (aHR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15–0.88), and time from symptom onset to admission (aHR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48–0.95) were significantly associated with oxygen therapy. However, none of the factors were related to the composite outcome. In the unmatched control group, 19.9% of 376 patients had documented explanations for nirmatrelvirritonavir non-prescription, and 44.0% of these were due to contraindication criteria. In the treatment group, 10.9% of patients discontinued the medication primarily because of adverse events (71.4%), with gastrointestinal symptoms being the most common (50.0%). Conclusion: Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment significantly reduced oxygen therapy requirements in high-risk patients with COVID-19 during the omicron variant surge in South Korea. Physicians are encouraged to consider the active use of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and to be watchful for gastrointestinal symptoms during medication.
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반응형 웹 인터페이스 유형에 따른 UI기반 사용성 평가 연구
김가연(Kim, Gayeon),김수민(Kim, Sumin),현은령(Hyun, Eunryung) 한국디자인지식학회 2015 디자인지식저널 Vol.33 No.-
본 연구는 사용자들이 반응형 웹에 대해 이해하고, 반응형 웹의 필요성과 그들이 제공하는 최상의 사용자 경험을 도출하여 보다 발전된 반응형 웹 사용자 인터페이스(User Interface, UI) 디자인을 제안하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 반응형 웹 UI를 크게 3가지 유형으로 분류하고, 설문조사와 심층면접을 통해 유형에 따른 사용성 평가를 실시하였다. 반응형 웹 유형별 선호도 분석결과, 사용하는 디바이스 별로 최고점수 74점, 최하점수 62점으로 그 차이는 12점이였다. 반면, 일반형 웹사이트의 UI평가에 대한 결과는 디바이스 별로 최고점수 59점, 최하점수 18점으로 그 차이는 41점이였다. 다시 말해 반응형 웹은 사용하는 디바이스의 종류와 관계없이 동일하게 제공되는 UI로 인해 사용자 만족도에 대한 큰 차이가 없었다. 그와 반면 일반형 웹은 사용하는 디바이스의 환경에 따라 최적화 되지 못한 사용자 인터페이스로 인해 사용자 만족도에 큰 차이가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 결과적으로 본 연구는 반응형 웹 디자인이 제공하는 편리한 UI 서비스의 필요성에 대해 인식하여 향후 반응형 웹 기술의 적용과 확산에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. The purpose of this study was to examine ways of improving the understanding of users about responsive web and its necessity and to suggest a more advanced responsive web user interface design based on their best user experience. Responsive web user interfaces were largely classified into three types in this study, and a survey and in-depth interviews were conducted to determine the preference of the users for the different types of responsive web interfaces and to evaluate their usability. As a result of analyzing the evaluation of the users about the usability of the responsive websites, they gave different scores to the devices that they used. The scores ranged from a high of 74 to a low of 62, and there was a difference of 12 scores between the two. In contrast, the scores that they gave to the usability of general web sites ranged from a high of 59 to a low of 18, and there was a difference of 41 scores between the two. In other words, no significant differences were found in user satisfaction level with the responsive webs irrespective of the type of devices, since the same user interface was provided. On the contrary, there was a large disparity in user satisfaction level with the general webs depending on the environments of the devices, which was attributed to the user interfaces that weren"t optimized enough. This study is expected to raise awareness of the best UX-based ease of use of responsive web design and the necessity of responsive webs and to make a contribution to the extensive application of responsive web technology.
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김효은(Kim Hyoeun),김가연(Kim Gayeon) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2018 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.18 No.7
본 연구는 한국어 쓰기 과제의 지시문 유형이 학습자의 쓰기 과정과 결과에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 5명의 고급 한국어 학습자를 대상으로 2개의 지시문 유형에 대한 쓰기 과정의 사고 구술 자료를 수집하여 이를 쓰기 결과 및 사후 인터뷰와 함께 분석하였다. 지시문의 유형을 크게 단순 지시문과 규정 지시문으로 나누고 각각의 유형에 대해 2가지 주제로 총 4개 지시문에 대한 사고 구술 실험을 진행하였다. 지시문 유형의 차이는 학습자의 쓰기 준비 단계에서 가장 크게 나타났다. 학습자들은 규정 지시문에 비해 단순 지시문에서 글을 계획하는 데 더 많은 시간을 소요하거나, 주제와 글의 내용에 집중하는 경향을 보였다. 규정 지시문에서는 특히 글의 목적과 방법(장르, 표현 등)을 염두에 두고 글의 구조를 계획하는 모습을 보였다. 학습자 모두 구체적인 지시 사항을 포함하는 규정 지시문이 쓰기 계획 단계의 부담을 줄이며 시간이 제한적인 평가 상황에서 더 유리하다고 판단하였다. 자유롭게 의견을 제시할 수 있는 단순 지시문은 다양한 표현과 구조를 실험할 수 있다는 점에서 교육적 쓰기 과제로 선호되었다. 따라서 한국어 쓰기 과제를 개발할 때 교육 목적에 부합하도록 유의미한 지시문의 유형과 구성 요소에 대한 충분한 고려가 이루어져야 할 것이다. This study analyzes the writing process of five advanced Korean-language learners through oral dictation data collected by the think-aloud method to investigate the effect of different writing prompts on Korean-language learners’ writing process and outcome. Two types of writing prompts (open-ended and framed) with two topics (traveling and plastic surgery) were designed as four different writing tasks. The results indicate that the types and elements of the prompt made differences, particularly during the planning process of writing. Learners tended to spend more time during the planning phase with open-ended prompts, focusing on the subject and content of the task. However, with framed prompts, the resulting structure was more focused in its consideration of the objectives and methods (genre, style, etc.) of writing. All learners preferred framed prompts for writing assessment tasks, as they can reduce the burden of planning and help to economize the use of time under a time-limit. Open-ended prompts were preferred for educational writing tasks, allowing for relatively free structure and content whereby learners can experiment. These results suggest that the types and elements of writing prompts should be taken into consideration when designing a writing assignment, so as to adequately fulfill specific educational objectives.
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