Anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects of Rhizoma Dioscoreae septemlobae extracts and its main component dioscin via regulation of mOAT1, mURAT1 and mOCT2 in hypertensive mice

Junxia Su,Yu-Hui Wei,Minglong Liu,Tianxi Liu,Jianhua Li,Yuanchun Ji,Jianping Liang 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.10

Rhizoma Dioscoreae septemlobae (RDSE) hasbeen widely used for the treatment of hyperuricemia inChina. However, the therapeutic mechanism has beenunknown. This study investigated the antihyperuricemicmechanisms of the extracts obtained from RDSE and itsmain component dioscin (DIS) in hyperuricemic mice. Hyperuricemic mice were induced by potassium oxonate(250 mg/kg). RDSE or DIS was orally administered tohyperuricemic mice at dosages of 319.22, 638.43,1276.86 mg/kg/day for 10 days, respectively. Uric acid orcreatinine in serum and urine was determined by HPLC orHPLC–MS/MS, respectively. The xanthine oxidase (XO)activities in mice liver were examined in vitro. Proteinlevels of organic anion transporter 1 (mOAT1), uratetransporter 1 (mURAT1) and organic cation transporter 2(mOCT2) in the kidney were analyzed by western blotting. The results indicated that uric acid and creatinine in serumwere significantly increased by potassium oxonate, ascompared to that of control mice. Compared saline-treatedgroup, after RDSE treatment in the high and middle dose,the expression of mOAT1 increased 47.98 and 54.48 %,respectively, which accompanied with the decreasedexpression of mURAT1 (47.63 %) in high dose. After DIS treatment in high, middle and low dose, the expression ofmOAT1 increased 23.93, 32.80 and 25.28 % compared tosaline-treated group, respectively, which accompanied withthe decreased expression of mURAT1 (51.07, 51.42 and51.35 %). However, RDSE and DIS displayed a weak XOinhibition activity compared with allopurinol. Therefore,RDSE and DIS processed uricosuric and nephroprotectiveactions by regulation of mOAT1, mURAT1 and mOCT2.

Verification of multilevel octree grid algorithm of SN transport calculation with the Balakovo-3 VVER-1000 neutron dosimetry benchmark

Liu Cong,Zhang Bin,Wei Junxia,Tan Shuang 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.2

Neutron transport calculations are extremely challenging due to the high computational cost of large and complex problems. A multilevel octree grid algorithm (MLTG) of discrete ordinates method was developed to improve the modeling accuracy and simulation efficiency on 3-D Cartesian grids. The Balakovo-3 VVER-1000 neutron dosimetry benchmark is calculated to verify and validate this numerical technique. A simplified S2 synthetic acceleration is used in the MLTG calculation method to improve the convergence of the source iterations. For the triangularly arranged fuel pins, we adopt a source projection algorithm to generate pin-by-pin source distributions of hexagonal assemblies. MLTG provides accurate geometric modeling and flexible fixed source description at a lower cost than traditional Cartesian grids. The total number of meshes is reduced to 1.9 million from the initial 9.5 million for the Balakovo-3 model. The numerical comparisons show that the MLTG results are in satisfactory agreement with the conventional SN method and experimental data, within the root-mean-square errors of about 4% and 10%, respectively. Compared to uniform fine meshing, approximately 70% of the computational cost can be saved using the MLTG algorithm for the Balakovo-3 computational model.

Effects of Achyranthes Bidentata Polysaccharide on Growth Performance, Immunological, Adrenal, and Somatotropic Responses of Weaned Pigs Challenged with Escherichia coli Lipopolysaccharide

Guo, Guanglun,Liu, Yulan,Fan, Wei,Han, Jie,Hou, Yongqing,Yin, Yulong,Zhu, Huiling,Ding, Binying,Shi, Junxia,Lu, Jing,Wang, Huirong,Chao, Jin,Qu, Yonghua Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.8

A study was conducted with 48 weaned barrows ($28{\pm}3d$, $8.45{\pm}0.14kg$) to determine the effect of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (ABPS) supplementation on pig performance, immunological, adrenal and somatotropic responses following Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. The experiment was a $2{\times}2$ factorial design; the main factors included diet (supplementation with 0 or 500 mg/kg ABPS) and immunological challenge (LPS or saline). On d 14 and 21 of the trial, pigs were given an intraperitoneal injection with either $100{\mu}g/kg$ BW of LPS or an equivalent amount of sterile saline. Blood samples were obtained 3 h after injection for analysis of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), cortisol, growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and immunoglobulin G (IgG). On d 2 after LPS challenge, peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation (PBLP) was measured. LPS administration decreased average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.05), had a tendency to decrease average daily gain (ADG) (p<0.10) during both the first and second challenge periods and increased (p<0.05) feed:gain ratio only during the first challenge period. ABPS tended to improve ADG (p<0.10) during the first challenge period, and improved ADG (p<0.05) and tended to improve ADFI (p<0.10) during the second challenge period. ABPS did not affect feed:gain ratio. An interaction (p<0.05) between LPS challenge and diet was observed for the plasma concentrations of TNF-${\alpha}$, $PGE_2$ and cortisol after both LPS challenges such that, among LPS-treated pigs, pigs fed the ABPS diet were lower for these indices than those receiving the control diet. In contrast, pigs fed the ABPS diet had higher IGF-I (p<0.05) compared with those fed the control diet. No effect of diet, LPS challenge or both on GH and IgG was observed after both LPS administrations. LPS challenge increased PBLP when these cells were incubated with $8{\mu}g/ml$ of LPS during both the challenge periods, and did likewise when incubated with $8{\mu}g/ml$ of concanavalin A only after the first challenge. ABPS had no effect on PBLP. These data demonstrate that ABPS alters the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines following an immunological challenge, which might enable pigs to achieve better performance.

Time-frequency analysis of reactor neutron noise under bubble disturbance and control rod vibration

Yuan, Baoxin,Guo, Simao,Yang, Wankui,Zhang, Songbao,Zhong, Bin,Wei, Junxia,Ying, Yangjun Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.4

Time-frequency analysis technique is an effective analysis tool for non-stationary processes. In the field of reactor neutron noise, the time-frequency analysis method has not been thoroughly researched and widely used. This work has studied the time-frequency analysis of the reactor neutron noise experimental signals under bubble disturbance and control rod vibration. First, an experimental platform was established, and it could be employed to reactor neutron noise experiment and data acquisition. Secondly, two types of reactor neutron noise experiments were performed, and valid experimental data was obtained. Finally, time-frequency analysis was conducted on the experimental data, and effective analysis results were obtained in the low-frequency part. Through this work, it can be concluded that the time-frequency analysis technique can effectively investigate the core dynamics behavior and deepen the identification of the unstable core process.

Long-term and stable correction of uremic anemia by intramuscular injection of plasmids containing hypoxia-regulated system of erythropoietin expression

Jifeng Sun,Yarong Wang,Jie Yang,Dewei Du,Zhanting Li,Junxia Wei,Angang Yang 생화학분자생물학회 2012 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.44 No.11

Relative deficiency in production of glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (Epo) is a major cause of renal anemia. This study planned to investigate whether the hypoxia-regulated system of Epo expression, constructed by fusing Epo gene to the chimeric phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) hypoxia response elements (HRE) in combination with cytomegalovirus immediate-early (CMV IE) basal gene promoter and delivered by plasmid intramuscular injection, might provide a long-term physiologically regulated Epo secretion expression to correct the anemia in adenine-induced uremic rats. Plasmid vectors (pHRE-Epo) were synthesized by fusing human Epo cDNA to the HRE/CMV promoter. Hypoxia-inducible activity of this promoter was evaluated first in vitro and then in vivo in healthy and uremic rats (n = 30 per group). The vectors (pCMV-Epo) in which Epo expression was directed by a constitutive CMV gene promoter served as control. ANOVA and Student’s t-test were used to analyze between-group differences. A high-level expression of Epo was induced by hypoxia in vitro and in vivo. Though both pHRE-Epo and pCMV-Epo corrected anemia,the hematocrit of the pCMV-Epo-treated rats exceeded the normal (P < 0.05), but that of the pHRE-Epo-treated rats didn’t. Hypoxia-regulated system of Epo gene expression constructed by fusing Epo to the HRE/CMV promoter and delivered by plasmid intramuscular injection may provide a long-term and stable Epo expression and secretion in vivo to correct the anemia in adenine-induced uremic rats.