다양한 고염투석액을 이용한 혈액투석시 혈액량의 변화 및 부작용 발생의 관찰

김홍수,김상돈,김도헌,김헌종,고광현,김승정,마경애,김명성,정철권,이한민,지석배,신규태 대한신장학회 1999 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.18 No.3

Chronic hemodialysis patients frequently experience hemodialysis(HD)-related side effects caused by excessive ultrafiltration and abrupt change of osmolality. Sodium ramping in HD is known to reduce ultrafiltration-related side effects, but it frequently induces symptoms related to sodium overload. We wanted to know the relationship between blood volume changes and the side effects related to ultrafiltration during hemodialysis and whether we can individualize various sodium ramping methods according to the effect of change in blood volume( BV) and side effects of sodium ramping. We studied 9 hypotension-prone patients during HD. The duration of the study lasted for 5 weeks, each week using different sodium ramping protocols: protocol 1; dialysate [Na+] of 140mEq/L, protocol 2; dialysate [Na?] same as the predialysis serum [Na+], protocol 3; dialysate [Na+] was 20mEq/L greater than that of the patient's serum for 1hr, 10mEq/L greater than patient's serum [Na+] for 2hr and then the same as patient's serum] for the last 1hr, protocol 4; at the beginning of dialysis, dialysate sodium was ramped to 20mEq/L above the patient's serum sodium and then on a straight linear fashion lowered to the predialysis serum [Na+] at the end of dialysis, protocol 5; sodium was constantly ramped to 10 mEq/L above serum [Na+]. We measured the BV with Crit-Line IIR(In-Line Diagnostics, Corp., Riverdale, USA), the blood pressure during each HD and interdialytic weight gain. We documented subjective symptoms which occurred during the 5 treatment protocols by patient's questionnaire after each HD. The results were as follows. 1) The mean age of the patients(M:F=3:6) was 54.1years and 6 patients were diabetics. 2) There was no significant difference in the BV among the 5 protocols in both whole study population and individual. Neither was there a statistically significant difference in the BV with respect to hypotension during HD. 3) There were no episodes of hypotension(P value $lt;0.001) with protocols 3, 4, 5 compared to protocs 1 and 2. 4) Three patients during protocols 4 and 5 experienced more thirst after HD than during protocol 1 and one patient during protocol 4, 5 had more interdialytic weight gain than the protocol 1. As a whole, patients while on protocol 4 & 5 experienced more thirst than protocol 1 but patients during protocol 3 experienced the same degree of thirst as protocol 1. In summary, sodium ramping reduced HD-related side effects but this benefit could not be explained on the basis of blood volume change measured by the Crit-Line IIR. Protocol 3 may be more appropiate sodium ramping method in 4 of the 9 patients. These data suggest that protocol 3 may be used before protocol 4, 5 when we apply sodium ramping to the patients who frequently have hypotension during HD.

패턴의 계층적 분류에 의한 다음 수 선택 기법

임증권(Jung Gweon Lim),김경아(Kyung A Kim),김진환(Jin Hwan Kim),박현수(Hyun Su Park),이두한(Du Han Lee),이종철(Chong Chul Lee) 한국정보과학회 1993 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.20 No.2

특별한 반면의 모양에 대해 적절한 다음 수가 정해지는 경우가 있는데, 이러한 경우에 대한 패턴들이 미리 저장되어 있으면, 이 들을 이용해 다음 수 선택의 판단 기준을 만들 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 패턴을 효율적으로 사용하기 위해 덩어리의 크기, 비 등형 수와 최대빈자리 수, 실제 빈자리 수, 인접 상대 덩어리 갯수를 이용해 패턴을 계층적으로 분류 저장하여 실시간 처리를 요하는 바 득에서 효율적으로 이용할 수 있도록 저장기법을 제안 하였다.

광양 제품부두의 계류안정성 해석

김영복(Kim, Young-Bok),정태권(Jeong, Tae-Gweon),김세원(Kim, Se-Won),김중엽(Kim, Jung-Yeop),김영훈(Kim, Young-Hun) 한국해안해양공학회 2010 한국해안해양공학회 논문집 Vol.22 No.6

본 계류안정성 해석은 광양만 부두의 포항제철 제품 및 고철부두에 대한 적정 선박을 선정하는 방법의 하나로서 수행되었다. 계류안정성 해석을 위해서는 우선 제품부두에 정박하는 기준이 되는 대상선박을 선정하여 각 선박의 운동특성을 파악하고, 이것을 바탕으로 각 대상 선박의 유체력을 계산한 후 파랑, 바람 및 조류를 고려하여 안벽에 계류된 선박의 계류안정성해석을 수행하였다. 이를 통해 광양 제품부두에서의 계류안정성을 보장하는 적정한 선박 선정기준을 개선하고자 하였다. This study is aiming to find one of reasonable guidelines to select a proper berthing ship at Kwang Yang harbors for loading/unloading for the POSCO(Pohang Steel Co. Ltd.). For dynamic analysis for the moored ships, the selection of subjected vessels has to be given the priority, so that the motion characteristics are figured out. The calculation of the dynamic fluid forces and wave, wind and current forces in time domain are followed. Then, the dynamic mooring analyses are performed. This study might contribute to make a new guideline by which the proper sized and loaded ships could be moored safety at the berths of Kwang Yang Harbor.

High-Efficiency Envelope-Tracking Transmitter With Optimized Class-<tex> ${\hbox{F}}^{-1}$</tex> Amplifier and 2-bit Envelope Amplifier for 3G LTE Base Station

Joon Hyung Kim,Gweon Do Jo,Jung Hoon Oh,Young Hoon Kim,Kwang Chun Lee,Jae Ho Jung,Chul Soon Park IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniqu Vol.59 No.6

<P>In this paper, a high-efficiency envelope-tracking (ET) transmitter incorporating a novel efficiency-boosting function is proposed and implemented. An inverse Class-F power amplifier is utilized and optimized using the proposed output loading condition, which enhances its efficiency at the high probability region. This matching network can be conveniently implemented by controlling the nonlinear capacitance of the power transistor. For an accurate analysis, the output waveforms are modeled in terms of the nonlinear capacitance, and the efficiency and output power are subsequently analyzed and successfully optimized. For a high-efficiency envelope amplifier (EA), we propose a new EA utilizing a 2-bit switching stage in place of a 1-bit switching stage. This proposed architecture effectively reduces the ripple current, improving the efficiency of the EA. To verify our analysis, we have fully implemented a 3.54-GHz high-efficiency ET transmitter including a digital processing block. The experimental results show that the ET transmitter using a commercial 60-W peak-envelope-power GaN device operates at a drain efficiency of 44% and power-added efficiency of 39.6% with a gain of 10.1 dB at an average output power of 40 dBm for a 10-MHz third-generation long-term evolution signal with 8.5-dB peak-to-average power ratio. Using a digital pre-distortion function, the adjacent channel leakage ratio is less than -47.5 dBc.</P>

Modeling and Design Methodology of High-Efficiency Class-F and Class- <tex> ${\hbox{F}}^{{\hbox{-}1}}$</tex> Power Amplifiers

Joon Hyung Kim,Gweon Do Jo,Jung Hoon Oh,Young Hoon Kim,Kwang Chun Lee,Jae Ho Jung IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniqu Vol.59 No.1

<P>In this paper, efficiency-limiting physical constraint effects imposed on the knee voltage, along with a variation of the optimum load resistance, are investigated for highly efficient Class-F and Class- amplifiers. First, for an accurate analysis and comparison, new current waveform models are identified, and a realistic approach incorporated using a nonzero knee voltage and voltage-dependent nonlinear capacitance is employed to derive the voltage waveforms of the amplifiers. An analysis is performed to show the efficiency, output power, power gain, and output power compression points for both modes. Using this knowledge, along with a complete performance comparison, we provide a direction for optimizing the amplifier design. The analytic results are further verified based on the measured results of 3.54-GHz Class-F and Class- amplifiers using a commercial 60-W peak-to-envelope power gallium-nitride device. The experimental results show that Class-F and Class- amplifiers operate at drain efficiencies of 69.9% and 69.4% at saturated output powers of 47.4 and 47.2 dBm, respectively. These remarkably similar performances have excellent agreement with the predicted analysis at our operational frequency.</P>

Percutaneous Transcatheteral Biliary Biopsy (PTBB) -A Report of Two Cases

Dae Ghon Kim,Suck Hyun Song,Hyun Cheol Jang,Jung Gweon Kim,Hong Suck Ahn,Deuk Soo Ahn,Jong Soo Kim,Yeung Min Han 대한내과학회 1989 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.4 No.2

이동통신 멀티미디어 환경에서의 효율적인 크로스레이어 기반의 스케줄링 기법

김주석(Joo-Seok Kim),김형중(Hyung-Jung Kim),조권도(Gweon-Do Jo),김경석(Kyung-Seok Kim) 한국콘텐츠학회 2007 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.7 No.10

한정된 자원을 다수의 사용자에게 분배해야 하는 무선 네트워크의 환경에서 자원의 할당과 관리는 중요하다. 이를 위해 다른 레이어 간에 통합 적응하는 레이어를 디자인해야 하는 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 크로스 레이어 기반의 스케줄링 기법에 대해 다룬다. 기존의 스케줄링 기법들 살펴보고 이를 보완한 스케줄링 기법을 제시한다. 멀티미디어 서비스 환경에서는 다양한 서비스를 제공하기 때문에 스케줄링 기법 또한 다양하게 적용할 수 있어야 한다. 따라서 기존 기법에서 적용되지 않았던 서비스에 따른 스케줄링 기법을 제시하였다. 제시한 기법은 시뮬레이션을 통해 기존의 기법에 비해 무선자원 이용효율이 뛰어남을 보였다. Allocation and management of the resource is very important in wireless networks because the wireless resource is limited. Therefore, the importance of designing cross layer, which adapt between different layers, is on the rise. In this paper, we investigate the scheduling techniques of the cross layer. This paper researches conventional scheduling methods and proposes the complementary scheduling method. On multimedia environment, the scheduling method must be applied variably because of offering variable services. Therefore, this paper proposes the new scheduling method according to the variable services. The proposed method shows that utility efficiency of the wireless resource more excellent than the conventional method through the simulations.

식품 및 환경 기타 게르마늄강화효모 내의 GeO2 정성분석

김소연 ( So Yeun Kim ),김명희 ( Myoung Hee Kim ),우희권 ( Hee Gweon Woo ),김보혜 ( Bo Hye Kim ),손창욱 ( Tsang Uk Sohn ),정진욱 ( Jin Wook Jung ),백대헌 ( Dae Heoun Baek ) 한국미생물생명공학회 2007 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.35 No.2

중증 위장관형 탄저병 3 예

이창우,이영현,김정란,전창호,김성자,정병욱,양창헌,하경임,윤형진,권삼,김종목,김탁관,이승석,강승완 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.49 No.4

Anthrax, a zoonotic disease of herbivorous animals transmissible from animals to man, occurs primarily in three forms: cutaneous, inhalation (or pulmonary), and gastro-intestinal. It is caused by Bacillus anthracis, a gram-positive, aerobic, spore-forming bacillus, The complications of anthrax shuch as meningitis and septicemia usually occur secondary to one of the primary form. Among three forms, gastrointestinal anthrax caused by the ingestion of Racillus anthracis-contaminated food is rare and is associated with high mortality. There are two clinical presentations of gastrointestinal antrax: abdominal (or intestinal) and oropharyngeal. We present three patients who have a rare clinical form of severe gastrointestinal anthrax caused by ingestion of meat or products of cattle which died from anthrax, Case one had fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and massive ascites recovered completely with surgery and antibiotic therapy. The other two patients died of possible complications due to gastrointestinal anthrax (sepsis in the second case and hemorrhagic meningitis in the third case)within several hours in the hospital. Bacillus anthracis was isolated from the blood culture of all three patients.

Analysis of a 3-DOF Rotationally Symmetric Hinge

Kim, Hyo Young,Kim, Jung Jae,Ahn, Da Hoon,Gweon, Dae Gab,Park, Chan Gon,Hong, Dong Pyo Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2013 Applied mechanics and materials Vol.284 No.-

<P>Flexure hinges have been widely used as mechanisms for high precision positioning stages that have a micrometer or nanometer resolution. This paper describes the analysis of a 3-DOF rotationally symmetric hinge for the vertical mask aligner stage. The vertical mask aligner stage was designed to overcome the bending of masks by gravity. In order to align the mask and the wafer, the vertical mask aligner stage has one linear motion and yaw rotating motions (Z, Θx, Θy). The new vertical mask aligner stage will try to use rotationally symmetric hinges. These rotationally symmetric hinges would act as guide mechanisms. However, the exact 6-DOF stiffness analysis of the rotationally symmetric hinge did not use these hinges as guide mechanisms. Therefore, this paper focuses on the stiffness analysis of the rotationally symmetric hinges.</P>