요배부 수술 실패 증후군에서 자기공명영상의 이용

이준규,안재성,권순태,김환정,정제택 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1997 충남의대잡지 Vol.24 No.2

This study was compared pre-operative MRI finding with operative finding on 36 cases with the failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) retrospectively. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the MRI on the FBSS including early complications such as hematoma of infection. Of the 51 patients with FBSS, we analyzed pre-operative MRI finding compared with operative finding on 36 cases excluding nonunion, instability, metal failure and pseudoarthrosis who underwent an operation for the FBSS from December 1994 to June 1997. There were 25 men (69.4%) and 11 women (30.6%), aged from 16 to 68 years (average 43.6 years). These were divided into 5 sub-groups and calculated sensitivity, specificity and positive predictability. MRI accuracy in recurred disc was 84%, scar adhesion, recurred or developed stenosis, infection and hematoma 100% each and all, overall accuracy of the MRI 93%, respectively. Average interval of re-operation in FBSS WAS 4.3 years. In the 18 cases (50%), symptoms persist without pain-free interval after first operation. Early complications including hematoma and infection are easily detected with MRI. Especially if patient complains of severe leg pain or neurologic deficit, it is a good diagnostic procedure to check the MRI. The MRI is a useful method for evaluation of most cases of the FBSS, but it has limitations to evaluate recurred disc or scar adhesion only in T1, T2 weighted image. Therefore Gd-DTPA enhancement is necessary for the accurate diagnosis.

중성자에 조사된 원자로 압력용기 재료(SA508)의 Magneto-acoustic emission 효과

홍준화,박덕근,옥치일,김장환,이종규 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1999 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.19 No.6

원자로 압력용기 재료인 SA508 steel을 온도 70 ℃와 대기압하에서 최고 10 n/㎠까지 중성자를 조사시켜 조사량에 따른 미세경도 변화와 magneto-acoustic emission(MAE) 에너지를 측정하였다. 중성자 조사에 따른 경도의 변화는 조사량이 10 /㎠까지는 거의 일정하였으나, 조사량이 10 /㎠이상에서 급격히 증가하였다. MAE 에너지의 변화는 중성자 조사량에 따라 경도의 변화와 같은 형태로 변하였으나 그 변화량은 감소하여 그변화의 추이는 경도의 변화와는 역의 형태였고, 또한 MAE에너지의 상대적 변화와 경도 변화사이에는 아주 좋은 선형성을 보였다. 이러한 결과에서 SA508 강재는 10 /㎠이상의 중성자에 조사될 경우에 재료에 중성자 조사에 의한 미세 결함이 급격히 증가하여 전위(dislocation)이동에 대한 저항성을 나타내는 마찰경화의 증가가 경도의 증가를 유발하고, 또한 이러한 미세 결함은 자기장과의 반응에서는 90°자벽의 운동중에 자기탄성 변화를 유도하여 MAE 에너지의 감소를 유발함을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 경도의 변화량보다 MAE 에너지의 변화량이 더 크게 나타나, 중성자 조사에 의한 미세결함은 기계적 성질보다 자기적 성질에 더 민감하게 반응한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.따라서 MAE가 중성자 조사에 의한 재료의 미세 구조 결함을 비파괴적인 방법으로 평가하는 강력한 도구의 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Magneto-acoustic emission (MAE) energy and hardness were measured in the reactor pressure vessel steel (SA508 Steel) for the various neutron fluence, irradiated dose up to 10 n/㎠. The hardness was nearly a constant up to 10 n/㎠, but it was rapidly increased with an increase of the neutron irradiation above 10 n/㎠. It may be considered that the increase of hardness is due to the hindrance of dislocation motion induced defect clusters by irradiation. On the other hand, the MAE energy was slowly decreased as the neutron irradiation increased up to 10 n/㎠ and it was rapidly decreased with an increase of the neutron irradiation increased up to 10 n/㎠ and it was rapidly decreased with an increase of the neutron irradiation above 10 n/㎠. The decrease of the MAE energy may be considered as an increase of the defect clusters which is very sensitive to the 90°domain wall motion. Furthermore, the change of MAe energy and hardness had nearly a linear relationship, but the change of MAE energy was more significant than the change of the hardness. Therefore, MAe may be considered as a very useful technique for the nondestructive evaluation of irradiation damage.

베트남 다크투어리즘 유산의 현황과 활용에 관한 연구

오일환,윤병국,이준태 한국사진지리학회 2017 한국사진지리학회지 Vol.27 No.2

본 논문은 베트남 다크투어리즘 유산의 현황과 활용에 관한 연구를 목적으로 호치민 중심의 남부권역에 대한 전쟁유산의 구성요소와 양상을 고찰하였다. 베트남 다크투어리즘의 전쟁유산으로 하노이 중심의 북부지역은 전쟁의 승자와 패배자의 정치적 개념으로 상징화하면서 자연유산과 결합하고 있다. 중부지역은 후에, 미선 그리고 호이안의 전통문화유산과 DMZ지역의 전쟁유산을 접목하면서 다낭해변의 관광요소를 활용하고 있다. 호치민시를 중심으로 한 남부권역은 프랑스와의 독립항전과 미국에 대한 반전유적지 그리고 혁명유적지로서의 전쟁유산뿐 아니라 맹그로브 숲과 해변휴양관광을 결합하면서 메콩델타지역의 정치 경제적 중심공간으로 상징화하고 있다. 베트남 다크투어리즘의 전쟁유산은 역사 문화적 지역성이 투영된 장소적 진정성과 전쟁유산을 재현하고 기억하는 공간의 기념성을 융합하면서 중요한 관광요소로 활용하고 있다. 이와 함께 외세에 대한 저항정신과 항전으로 쟁취한 독립에 대한 자부심과 애국심을 확립하는 정신적 가치의 전쟁유산으로 활용하고 있다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the components and aspects of war heritage in the southern part of Vietnam, focusing on the present situation and usage of Vietnam`s Dark Tourism. In the northen region, the war heritage of Vietnam Dark Tourism is combined with the natural heritage symbolizing the political concepts of the winner and loser of the war. The central region uses coastal tourism elements with the traditional historical culture of the dynasty and the war heritage in the DMZ area. The southern region around Ho Chi Minh is represented as the united central space of the Mekong Delta, integrating the mangrove forest with the beach recreational tourism as well as the war heritage and anti-war relics as a revolutionary site that was against France for independence and against America by Vietnam war. Vietnam`s Dark tourism is an important tourism resource since it combines the regional authenticity of the historical and cultural aspects with the spatial memorial that recreates and reminds the war heritage. It is also used as a patriotic tourism resource that establishes self-esteem and nationalism for the independence against foreign countries by physical and spiritual resistance.

심초음파로 결정된 응급 심낭천자술의 천자부위

김성환,황성오,이강현,조준휘,강구현,문중범,이승환,윤정한,최경훈,김영식 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background: The aim of this study was to determine whether the conventional subcostal approach is suitable for emergency pericardiocentesis in patients with cardiac tamponade or impending cardiac tamponade. Methods: This study was a prospective, observational study conducted at the emergency department of a tertiary hospital, Patients who had symptomatic pericardial effusion and who needed emergency pericardiocentesis in the emergency department were included in this study. We measured the epicardium-to-pericardium distance at the subcostal, parasternal, and apical area with two-dimensional echocardiography to determine the appropriate puncture site for pericardiocentesis. An epicardium-to-pericardium distance of more than 1.0 cm was considered as the primary safety factor in determining the Puncture site for pericardiocentesis. The skin-to-pericardium distance was considered as secondary safety factor. Results: Ninety-five consecutive patients(55 males and 40 females; total mean age: 53 year old) with cardiac tamponade or impending cardiac tamponade were enrolled in this study. The puncture site for pericardiocentesis, as determined by echocardiography, was the subcostal area in 43 patients(45%), the apical area in 40 patients(42%), the left parasternal area In 11 patients(12%), and the right parastemal area in one patient(1%). Pericardiocentesis failed in 2 patients(2%) with the subcostal approach and in one patient(1%) with the apical approach. The average epicardium-to-pericardium distance was 31 ±21 mm in patients with the subcostal approach and 21±8 mm in patients with other approaches. There were no differences in the amount of pericardial fluid and in the intraperical pressure among patient groups according to puncture site. There were two procedure related complications: a puncture of the right ventricle with the subcostal approach and a ventricular tachycardia with the apical approach.

중국 아편전쟁박물관의 전시콘텐츠와 역할

오일환,김준혁 인문콘텐츠학회 2015 인문콘텐츠 Vol.0 No.38

본 논문은 중국의 아편전쟁 관련 박물관과 기념관을 중심으로 전쟁의 기억을 재현하는 전시콘텐츠와 특징을 고찰하고 기념활동, 지역순회 전시 및 교육프로그램 등 다양한 교육콘텐츠로 재구성하여 활성화하는 역할에 대하여 연구하였다. 중국은 개혁개방 이 후 급격한 경제적 변화로 관리가 소홀하였던 문화유산에 대하여 전통보존과 중화민족의 역사적 정통성을 계승하기 위한 대규모의 기념관과 박물관을 건립하였고 전통보존과 중화민족의 역사적 정통성을 계승하기 위하여 청소년뿐 아니라 일반인 대상의 사회교육 활동을 더욱 강화해 나아가고 있다. 그리고 근현대사의 혁명유적지와 야외 문화유산을 대대적으로 복원 정비하면서 전국 중점문물 보호단위의 애국주의 교육기지로 지정하고 있다. 아편전쟁박물관이 자리하고 있는 광동성은 영남문화의 발상지이며 주강지역의 경제권의 중심지로서 홍콩과 마카오의 반환으로 서구 식민지의 잔재를 청산하고 중국몽을 이루기 위한 시진핑의 일대일로정책에서 21세기 해상실크로드의 핵심지역이다. 이러한 과거의 역사적 사실을 기억의 표현으로 전시하는 아편전쟁박물관은 서양 제국의 부도덕한 아편무역과 불평등한 조약 그리고 치욕적인 침탈의 집단기억을 극복하고 중화민족의 부흥과 애국주의를 함양하기 위한 기념물과 전시시설의 재현공간이다. 또한 전시기념물의 다양한 전시콘텐츠를 교육활동과 교육프로그램의 교육콘텐츠로 재구성하여 아편의 폐해방지 교육을 비롯하여 전쟁의 기억과 근대의 역사인식을 애국주의 공간과 관광자원으로 활용하고 있다. This study investigated exhibition contents and characteristics focusing on the museum and memorial relating to the Opium Wars in China and examined diverse memorial activities, exhibitions and educational activities. China has built large-scale memorial and museum to preserve cultural heritage which has been poorly managed under rapid economic changes after the reform and opening and keep the historical legitimacy of Chinese people. To preserve tradition and inherit its historical legitimacy, China has also strengthened social education against the general public as well as adolescents. For this, the revolution site and outdoor cultural heritage from the modern and contemporary history of China have been comprehensively restored and designated as the base for patriotic education. Guangdong Province where the Opium War Museum is situated is the cradle of southern culture and economic center of the Pearl River region. In fact, it is a key region for the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road in the ‘One Belt, One Road’ initiative launched by President Xi Jinping, which was aimed to banish the vestiges of Western colonial rule and build ‘Chinese Dream’ after the return of Hong Kong and Macau to Chinese sovereignty. The Opium War Museum is a space where the memorials and exhibition facilities aimed to overcome the collective memories of the Western Empire’s immoral opium trade, unequal treaty and shameful invasion, restore the glory of Chinese people and raise patriotism are reproduced. The diverse activities and exhibition contents of the museum are used to give education on the prevention of the evil influence of opium, and the war memory and historical awareness are used as tourism resources.

태국 깐짜나부리지역의 다크투어리즘 역사경관 활용에 대한 연구 -콰이강의 헬파이어패스와 연합군 묘지를 중심으로-

오일환,윤병국,이준태 한국사진지리학회 2017 한국사진지리학회지 Vol.27 No.3

본 연구는 역사적 장소를 직접 방문하여 새로운 교훈을 얻는 다크투어리즘 관점에서 전쟁의 참상과 잔혹한 현장이었던 깐짜나부리지역을 중심으로 전쟁유산의 역사경관과 관광자원의 구성요소에 대하여 살펴보았다. 첫째, 태국은 고대 왕조의 역사도시 유적지 그리고 자연생태환경 원시림 등의 세계유산이 있다. 이와 함께 방콕의 왕궁유산을 중심으로 짜오프라야강의 근대 개항지를 재현하고 있으며 현지 주민의 운하생활 모습 그리고 해변을 활용한 휴양지 등이 주요한 관광자원이다. 둘째, 깐짜나부리는 제2차 세계대전 기간에 태국과 미얀마를 연결하는 죽음의 철도공사 지역으로 대표적인 다크투어리즘 장소이다. 연합군 포로들의 유품을 전시하는 제스전쟁박물관 그리고 철도공사강제노역장소인 헬파이어패스와 이를 추모하는 기념박물관을 비롯하여 연합군 포로 희생자 묘역인 던락묘지와 청까이묘지 등이 있다. 셋째, 이러한 역사문화도시와 자연환경유산은 콰이강의 다리라는 영화적 유희요소 뿐 아니라 죽음의 철도와 연합군 묘지의 서사적 스토리텔링을 전쟁유산과 태국고유의 관광자원과 결합하여 관광상품으로 활용하고 있다. 그리고 세계 여러 국가 명칭을 도로이름으로 활용하고 빛과 소리 축제와 결합하면서 국제적인 다크투어리즘 유산으로 확장하고 있다. The purpose of this study is to examine components of tourism and recreation that which use of war heritage that are scattered in the Kanchanaburi region as new tourist attractions. It may have been a tragic place of many wars. However, as dark tourism attractions, it can attract much interest as a new learning tour to visit these historical places. First, Thailand’s World Heritage Site actively utilizes archaeological remains of historical city ruins of ancient dynasties and the natural ecological environment of primeval forest as tourism resources. Second, the Kanchanaburi region uses the war heritage of the Death Railway, which connects the Thai and Myanmar(Burma) during the Second World War, as dark tourism. The Jeath War Museum, which displays and reproduces the lifestyle and relics of Allied prisoners, and the Hellfire Pass and Museum with the name of Hellfire as a torch work, as well as the Kanchanaburi War Cemetery and the Chung Kai War Cemetery. Third, these war heritage combines the light and sound festival with commercialization of the film factor of the bridge of the River Kwai and the railroad of death. In addition, the names of cities in the world are given as the names of roads in the city, and waterfalls of national parks and the natural ecological environment are merged and utilized as international dark tourism elements.

VOD 서비스에서의 새로운 스트림 할당 기법

이준화,김영환,박재현,박현민,최병석 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1999 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.18 No.-

Generally, in a VOD(Video On Demand) systems, batching technique is often used to improve throughput. Since subscribers to VOD services tend to renege their requests as the latency becomes large, an optimal stream allocation scheme should consider not only batching size but also renege rate, service latency and fairness between different programs. In this paper, we propose a new stream allocation scheme, which shows improvement in fairness and reduction in renege rate and service latency compared with other well known schemes. When 2 or more streams are available in the VOD server, each streams are allocated based on different program selection policies. Using this approach effectiveness of stream usage can be improved.

혈액배양검사에서 확인된 G군 연세구균에 의한 봉와직염 1예

조영환,김양수,김백남,추은주,김경덕,김남중,류지소,우준희 대한화학요법학회 2002 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.20 No.1

봉와직염은 대부분이 A군 연쇄구균이나 황색포도구균에 의해 발생하는 것으로 알려져있다. 저자들은 관상동맥 우회술을 위한 정맥절제술을 받았던 과거력이 있고 족부백선이 있었던 환자에게서 혈액배양검사에서 확인된 G군 연쇄구균에 의한 봉와직염을 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Group A streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus are responsible for the overwhelming majority of cases of cellulitis. But, streptococci belonging to other group (group C, group G, and in neonates particularly, group B) are sometimes the etiologic agents. Diagnosing the etiology of cellulitis rests on isolating an organism from blood cultures, skin biopsy, or tissue aspirate. We experienced a case of a group G streptococcal cellulitis that identified by blood cultures, which is relatively rare in Korea and treated the patient with cefazolin.

중성자에 조사된 원자로 압력용기 재료의 Barkhausen 노이즈에 관한 연구

옥치일,김장환,박덕근,홍준화,이종규 韓國非破壞檢査學會 1998 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.18 No.6

원자로 압력용기 재료인 SA508 steel을 온도 70℃와 대기압하에서 최고 10 n/㎠까지 중성자를 조사시켜 조사량에 따른 자기이력곡선과 Barkhausen noise amplitude(BNA), Barkhausen noise energy(BNE) 및 미세경도 변화를 측정하여 이들 사이의 상관관계를 구하였다. 중성자 조사에 의하여 자기이력곡선은 변화가 없었으며, BNA, BNE 및 경도는 중성자 조사량에 따라 세 단계의 변화를 보였으며, 중성자 조사량이 10 n/㎠에서는 급격히 변하여 이들 사이의 상관관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 BNA와 BNE가 중성자 조사에 의한 재료의 미세 구조 결함을 조사하는데 비파괴적인 방법으로 가능성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. Hysteresis loop, Barkhausen noise(BN), and hardness were measured in the neutron irradiated RPV steel for various fluence, irradiated dose up to 10 n/㎠. The coercivity, remanence and maximum induction of neutron irradiated samples did not change significantly, but the BNA and BNE were decreased as the neutron irradiation increased. The changes of BNE and BNA were characterized by three stages with respect to neutron dose. The BNA and BNE were decreased with an increase of neutron dose to 10 n/㎠, and remained nearly constant up to 10 n/㎠, then were decreased rapidly with an increase of the neutron dose above 10 n/㎠. On the other hand, the hardness was observed revesely with the change of BNA and BNE.

이중혈류유발 심폐소생술이 심정지를 유발한 개의 단기 생존율에 미치는 영향

황성오,조준휘,강구현,김성환,문중범,이강현,이승환,윤정한,최경훈,홍은석 대한응급의학회 2000 대한응급의학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Background and Objectives: We previously reported that, compared with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation(S-CPR), better hemodynamic effects could be achieved by simultaneous sterno-thoracic cardiopulmonary resuscitation(SST-CPR) in which we compressed the sternum and constricted the thorax circumferentially during the systolic period by using a device. This study was designed to assess whether SST-CPR, compared with S-CPR, improve the survival rate of dogs with cardiac arrest. Subjects and methods: Twenty-five mongrel dogs(19∼31㎏) were enrolled in this study. After four minutes of ventricular fibrillation induced by an AC current, animals were randomized to resuscitate with either S-CPR(n=13) or SST-CPR(n=12). Epinephrine(1 ㎎) was injected into the right atrium every three minutes after the beginning of CPR. Defibrillation was attempted after 6 minutes of CPR. Standard advanced cardiac life support was started if defibrillation was not successful. Results: SST-CPR resulted in significantly(p<0.001) higher systolic arterial pressure(91±47 vs 47±24 ㎜ Hg), diastolic pressure(43±24 vs 17±10 ㎜ Hg), coronary perfusion pressure(35±25 vs 13±9㎜ Hg), and end tidal CO2 tension(9±4 vs 3±2 ㎜ Hg). Two of 13 animals(15 %) resuscitated with S-CPR and six of 12 animals(50%) resuscitated with SST-CPR survived until 12 hours after cardiac arrest(p<0.05). Donclusion: SST-CPR, compared with S-CPR, improves the short-term survival rate in canine cardiac arrest.