Mechanical Properties of High-Si Plate Steel Produced by the Quenching and Partitioning Process

( Seung Chan Hong ),( Jae Cheon Ahn ),( Sang Yong Nam ),( Seog Ju Kim ),( Hee Choon Yang ),( John G. Speer ),( David K. Matlock ) 대한금속ᆞ재료학회 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.6

New taxa of the Porphyridiophyceae (Rhodophyta): <i>Timspurckia oligopyrenoides</i> gen. et sp. nov. and <i>Erythrolobus madagascarensis</i> sp. nov

Yang, Eun Chan,Scott, Joe,West, John A.,Orlova, Evguenia,Gauthier, Dave,Kü,pper, Frithjof C.,Yoon, Hwan Su,Karsten, Ulf Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2010 Phycologia Vol.49 No.6

Telemedicine in Neurosurgery: Standardizing the Spinal Physical Examination Using A Modified Delphi Method

Alexander F. Haddad,John F. Burke,Praveen V. Mummaneni,Andrew K. Chan,Michael M. Safaee,John J. Knightly,Rory R. Mayer,Brenton H. Pennicooke,Anthony M. Digiorgio,Philip R. Weinstein,Aaron J. Clark,Dea 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.2

Objective: The use of telemedicine has dramatically increased due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Many neurosurgeons are now using telemedicine technologies for preoperative evaluations and routine outpatient visits. Our goal was to standardize the telemedicine motor neurologic examination, summarize the evidence surrounding clinical use of telehealth technologies, and discuss financial and legal considerations. Methods: We identified a 12-member panel composed of spine surgeons, fellows, and senior residents at a single institution. We created an initial telehealth strength examination protocol based on published data and developed 10 agree/disagree statements summarizing the protocol. A blinded Delphi method was utilized to build consensus for each statement, defined as >80% agreement and no significant disagreement using a 2-way binomial test (significance threshold of p<0.05). Any statement that did not meet consensus was edited and iteratively resubmitted to the panel until consensus was achieved. In the final round, the panel was unblinded and the protocol was finalized. Results: After the first round, 4/10 statements failed to meet consensus (<80% agreement, and p=0.031, p=0.031, p=0.003, and p=0.031 statistical disagreement, respectively). The disagreement pertained to grading of strength of the upper (3/10 statements) and lower extremities (1/10 statement). The amended statements clarified strength grading, achieved consensus (>80% agreement, p>0.05 disagreement), and were used to create the final telehealth strength examination protocol. Conclusion: The resulting protocol was used in our clinic to standardize the telehealth strength examination. This protocol, as well as our summary of telehealth clinical practice, should aid neurosurgical clinics in integrating telemedicine modalities into their practice.

Effect of Radiofrequency Induced Local Hyperthermia on Normal Canine Liver

Chang Ok Suh(서창옥) , John J.K.Loh(노준규) , Jin Sil Seong(성진실) , Sun Rock Moon(문성록) Hyung Sik Lee(이형식) , Hyun Soo Shin(신현수) , Sung Sil Chu(추성실) , Gwi Eon Kim(김귀언) , Chan Il Park(박찬일) ,Eun Kyung Han(한은경) 대한방사선종양학회 1991 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.9 No.1

간조직에 온열치효를 시행시 출현하는 조직병리학적 소견 및 혈액의 생화학적 소견을 관찰하고자 13마리의 정상 간에 8MHz 라디오파를 이용한 온열치료를 시행하였다. 42.5±0.5°C로 30분간 온열치료를 받은 군 (제1군, n=5), 45±0.5°C로 30분간 온열치료를 받은 군 (제2군, n=5) 및 온열치료를 받지않은 대조군(n=3)으로 나누어 분석하였을때, 혈액의 SGOT의 SGPT는 온열치료를 시행한 두군 공히 증가된 소견을 보였고 제 1군에서는 간세포의 부종소견의 특이한 조직병리학적소견이 관찰되지않아 가역성 변화로 생각되었지만 제2군에서는 간 세포의 심한 괴사소견이 관찰되어 있는 불가역성의 가조직 손상으로 생각되었다. 이상의 결론으로 유추할 때 임상에서 행하여지는 간암의 온열치료시에 정상 가조직의 손상을 가능한 방지하기위하여는 정확한 종괴의 구역에 치료온도의 주의깊은 관찰이 요구된다. In order to assess the effects of radiofrequency-induced local hyperthermia on the normal liver, histopathologic findings and biochemical changes after localized hyperthermia in canine liver were studied. Hyperthemia was externally adminsitered using the Thermotron RF-8 (Yamamoto Vinyter Co., Japan; Capacitive type heating machine) with parallel opposed electrodes. Thirteen dogs were used and allocated into one control group (N=3) and two treatment groups according to the treatment temperature. Group I (N=5) was heated with 42.5±0.5°C for 30 minutes, and Group Ⅱ (N=5) was heated with 45±0.5°C for 15-30 minutes. Samples of liver tissue were obtained through a needle biopsy immediately after hyperthermia and 7, 14, and 28 days after treatment. Blood samples were obtained before treatment and 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 28 days after treatment and examined for SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase. Although SGOT and SGPT were elevated after hyperthermia in both groups (three of five in each group), there was no liver cell necrosis or hyperthermia related mortality in Group Ⅰ. A hydropic swelling of hepatocytes was prominent histologic finding. Hyperthermia with 45°C for 30 minutes was fatal and showed extensive liver cell necrosis. In conclusion, liver damage dy heat of 42.5±0.5°C for 30 minutes is reversible, and liver damage by heat of 45±0.5°C for 30 minutes can be fatal or irreversible. However, these results cannot be applied directly to human trial. Therefore, in order to apply hyperthermic treatment on human liver tumor safely, close observation of temperature with proper thermometry is mandatory. Hyperthermic treatment should be confined to the tumor area while sparing a normal liver as much as possible.

Uterine clear cell carcinoma risk in White versus non-White US subpopulations: does race matter?

Stephanie Chow,Deanna Wong,Cheng-I Liao,Amandeep Mann,Chunqiao Tian,Kathleen M. Darcy,John K. Chan 대한부인종양학회 2020 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.31 No.6

Objective: To determine incidence rates of uterine clear cell carcinoma among non-White USsubpopulations. Methods: Data from the United States Cancer Statistics and National Cancer Database from2004 to 2016 were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 488,811 women were diagnosed with uterine cancer from 2004–2016. Of these, 73.3% were endometrioid, 6.6% were serous, 5.3% were carcinosarcoma, 1.4%were clear cell, and 13.4% were other. Blacks had the highest incidence rate of uterine clearcell compared with Whites, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and American Indian/Alaska Natives(0.59 vs. 0.31, 0.29, and 0.24, respectively). Overall mean age at diagnosis was 68.6 years,with the youngest age in Asian/Pacific Islanders compared to Whites, Blacks, and AmericanIndian/Alaska Natives (65.9 vs. 68.7, 68.6, and 66.3 years, respectively). Analysis of the Asiansubpopulation revealed significantly younger age at diagnosis in Vietnamese women (55.8years) compared with 72.4 years in Japanese, 68.6 years in Pacific Islander, 66.6 years inIndian/Pakistani, 65.9 years in Filipino, 65.8 years in Chinese, 65.2 years in Korean, and 63.7years in other Asians. Conclusions: Black women are two times more likely to be diagnosed with uterine clear cellcarcinoma compared with other races. Asians present at younger ages, with Vietnamesewomen most likely to be diagnosed at the youngest age.

Proposed categorization of pathological states of EBV-associated T/natural killer-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) in children and young adults: Overlap with chronic active EBV infection and infantile fulminant EBV T-LPD

Ohshima, Koichi,Kimura, Hiroshi,Yoshino, Tadashi,Kim, Chul Woo,Ko, Young H.,Lee, Seung-Suk,Peh, Suat-Cheng,Chan, John K.C. Blackwell Publishing Asia 2008 Pathology international Vol.58 No.4

<P>EBV-associated T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-T/NK LPD) of children and young adults is generally referred to with the blanket nosological term of severe chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). This disease is rare, associated with high morbidity and mortality, and appears to be more prevalent in East Asian countries. But because there is no grading or categorization system for CAEBV, pathologists and clinicians often disagree regarding diagnosis and therapy. EBV-T/NK LPD includes polyclonal, oligoclonal, and monoclonal proliferation of cytotoxic T and/or NK cells. Moreover, a unique disease previously described as infantile fulminant EBV-associated T-LPD has been identified and overlaps with EBV-T/NK LPD. In the present review a clinicopathological categorization of EBV-T/NK LPD is proposed, based on pathological evaluation and molecular data, as follows: (i) category A1, polymorphic LPD without clonal proliferation of EBV-infected cells; (ii) category A2, polymorphic LPD with clonality; (iii) category A3, monomorphic LPD (T-cell or NK cell lymphoma/leukemia) with clonality; and (iv) category B, monomorphic LPD (T-cell lymphoma) with clonality and fulminant course. Categories A1, A2, and A3 possibly constitute a continuous spectrum and together are equivalent to CAEBV. Category B is the exact equivalent of infantile fulminant EBV-associated T-LPD. It is expected that this categorization system will provide a guide for the better understanding of this disorder. This proposal was approved at the third meeting of the Asian Hematopathology Association (Nagoya, 2006).</P>

Effects of Radiofrequency Induced Local Hyperthermia on Normal Canine Liver

서창옥,노준규,신현수,이형식,문성록,성진실,추성실,김귀언,한은경,박찬일,Suh Chang Ok,Loh. John J.K.,Shin Hyun Soo,Lee Hyung Sik,Moon Sun Rock,Seong Jin Sil,Chu Sung Sil,Kim Gwi Eon,Han Eun Kyung,Park Chan Il The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 1991 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.9 No.2

간조직에 온열치효를 시행시 출현하는 조직병리학적 소견 및 혈액의 생화학적 소견을 관찰하고자 13마리의 정상 간에 8 MHz 라디오파를 이용한 온열치료를 시 행하였다. $42\pm0.5^{\circ}C$로 30분간 온열치료를 받은 군(제 1 군, n=5), $45\pm0.5^{\circ}C$로 30분간 온열치료를 받은 군(제 2군, n=5) 및 온열치료를 받지않은 대조군(n=3)으로 나누어 분석하였을때, 혈액의 SGOT의 SGPT는 온열치료를 시행한 두군 공히 증가된 소견을 보였고 제 1군에서는 간세포의 부종소견외 특이한 조직병 리학적소견이 관찰되지않아 가역성 변화로 생각되었지만 제 2군에서는 간세포의 심한 괴사소견이 관찰되어 있는 불가역성의 가조직 손상으로 생각되었다. 이상의 결론으로 유추할때 임상에서 행하여지는 간암의 온열치료시에 정상 가조직의 손상을 가능한 방지하기위하여는 정확한 종괴의 구역에 치료온도의 주의깊은 관찰이 요구된다. In order to assess the effects of radiofrequency-induced local hyperthermia on the normal liver, histopathologic findings and biochemical changes after localized hyperthermia in canine liver were studied. Hyperthermia was externally adminsitered using the Thermotron RF-8 (Yamamoto Vinyter Co., Japan; Capacitive type heating machine) with parallel opposed electrodes. Thirteen dogs were used and allocated into one control group (N=3) and two treatment groups according to the treatment temperature. Group I (N=5) was heated with $42.5\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ 30 minutes, and Group II (N=5) was heated with $45\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ for 15-30 minutes. Samples of liver tissue were obtained through a needle biopsy immediately after hyperthermia and T,14, and 28 days after treatment. Blood samples were obtained before treatment and W, 3,5, 7,14 and 28 days after treatment and examined for SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase. Although SGOT and SGPT were elevated after hyperthermia in both groups (three of five in each group), there was no liver cell necrosis or hyperthermia related mortality in Group 1. A hydropic swelling of hepatocytes was prominent histologic finding. Hyperthermia with $45^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes was fatal and showed extensive liver cell necrosis. In conclusion, liverdamage dy heat of $42.5\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes is reversible, and liver damage by heat of $45\pm0.5^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes can be fatal or irreversible. However, these results cannot be applied directly to human trial. Therefore, in erder to apply hyperthermic treatment on human liver tumor safely, close obsewation of temperature with proper thermometry is mandatory. Hyperthermic treatment should be confined to the tumor area while sparing a normal liver as much as possible.