Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Effects of PHBV/Collagen (PHCP) on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Skin Inflammation

Jin-Yi Han3*, Xu Zi Guang, Jyung-Sik Kwak, Ki-Wan Oh, Han-Ik Bae 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.1

The anti-inflammatory effect of PHBV/Collagen (PHCP) was examined in a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced skin inflammation. Vascular permeability on the back skin was measured by the local accumulation of Evan’s blue dye after subcutaneous injection of LPS (30 μg site-1). Dye leakage in the skin showed a significant increase at 2 h after injection of LPS. This LPS-induced dye leakage was also completely inhibited by HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP, and antioxidants, including methyl gallate, trolox, and mannitol. To study the possible mechanisms underlying the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of PHCP against LPS-induced inflammation, we also examined the effects of PHCP on malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione levels in skin tissues and found that pretreatment with PHCP resulted in inhibited MDA elevation and a remarkable reduction of glutathione level. In addition, similar results were obtained after pretreatment with antioxidants, including trolox and mannitol, and HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP. Histopathologically, an influx of neutrophils into the skin dermis was detected between 24 h and 72 h after LPS injection (30, 100 μg site-1), compared to control animals after injection of saline. This increase was greater in mice treated with 100 μg of LPS than in those treated with 30 μg of LPS and was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with PHCP, antioxidants, and HO-1 inhibitor. These results collectively suggest that PHCP has an anti-inflammatory effect against LPS-induced inflammation model in vivo and may be a good candidate for the skin tissue engineering biomedical application primarily through manipulation of the redox state.

合倂成果에 대한 實證硏究 : 財務比率分析을 중심으로

韓光植,金鎭錫 단국대학교 산업연구소 2000 산업연구 Vol.22 No.-

The purpose of this study attempted to have empirical analysis on financial performance of our listed enterprises on the basis of comparison between it financial status before and after M&A from 1986 to 1995 were organized as at) test group and another group of 24 enterprises were made into a control group and by means of paired sample difference in average between t재 groups during the period of 2 years before the M&A and 2 years thereafter was computed and then net M&A effect was produced by deducting difference in average between the test group and control group and resulting figures were subjected to test and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. As a resulted of this study it could be discovered that enterprises in Korea which underwent M&A did not show significant difference in any financial performance after M&A but only showed significant difference financial performance after M&A but only showed significant difference in performance in market value ratio and earning ratio for stocks (PER). Also based on M&A types any significant improvement in financial performance appeared more frequently with conglomerate M&A than with non-conglomerate case solely in quick ratio and net sales growth ratio but there was no significant difference in performance in terms of financial ratio. From this study it was possible to confirm that there was no significant difference in financial performance through M&A of our enterprises but some difference in stock earning ratio (PER) thus showing that our enterprises which went through M&A rae receiving positive appraisal from our capital market. And it was also discovered that while there was no significant difference in financial performance when analysis on the basis of M&A types but some significant financial performance in terms of quick ratio net sales growth ratio in conglomerate M&A.

경제적 부가가치의 유용성에 관한 연구

한광식,서진원 단국대학교 경영경제연구소 2000 經營, 經濟硏究 Vol.2 No.-

Value of an enterprise can be represented by its market share, net sale and stock price etc. Among them stock price can be considered as representative index reflecting actual value of an enterprise. For this reason there should be adequate compensation to the investors for their investment. Under such consept EVA(Economic Value Add) is calculated by subtracting the cost of capital from the NOPAT(Net Operating After Tax). The aim of this study is to express effectiveness of EVA theoretically and indentify its effectiveness as an explanation for stock value (Cummulated Abnormal Return : CAR). This study show theoretically the greatest of utility of equity and harmony of executive and shareholders. the method of the empirical study is the regression analysis. therr are a dependent variable is CAR, independents variables are Price Earing Ration(PER), Return On Equity(ROE), Return on Asset(ROA), Return On Sales(ROS), EVA and Equity Ratio(ER). This study is to analysis of the study is that EVA is useful to information users. In order to test the above major hypothesis, the following minor hypothesis is divided. H₁ : EVA have information added for CAR. H₂ : EVA is no difference between brisk market and recessed market period. In conclusion, We have found the following though the empirical study. Result of analysis showed that EVA has overall effectiveness as an explanation on stock value (CAR) on stocks and it is identified that investors are making their investment after receiving advance information on difference between investment profitability and cost of capital. Analysis is made by dividing the period into brisk market and recessed market period. During the brisk market period EVA is appeared to have significant effectiveness as explanation on stock value(CAR), but during recessed market period it appeared to have no such significance as effective explanation. It is shown during brisk market period investment information on the difference between profitability rate and cost of capital rate is furnished in advance and being reflected to decision making by investors. And such result comes from the fact that during the period of recessed market due to presence of mixed information over-reaction of the investors and difference among enterprises with respect to its calculation of capital is deepened. For the purpose of increasing the value of an enterprise more effort shall be made to establish the composition ratio between own capital and other's capital properly and increase ratio of investment profitability to a level higher than cost of capital to bring about value of enterprise.

융모성림프구를 보이는 비장변연부 림프종 1예

진한영,손창학,주영돈,박정하,이재익,조영완,이원식 인제대학교 2006 仁濟醫學 Vol.27 No.-

Splenic marginal zone lymphoma is very rare B-cell lymphoma, characterized by an indolent clinical course. Clinical features are moderate-to severe splenomegaly, absolute lymphocytosis, and bone marrow intrasinusoidal infiltration of lymphocyte. We report the case of a 37-year-old male with SMZL. He complained of LUQ pain, who had a massive splenomegaly and moderate lymphocytosis in peripheral blood. Immunophenotyping findings and morphologic findings were consistent with SMZL. He underwent splenectomy and received chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide for eight months. Now, one year later after surgery he has a nearly normal blood count with no treatment.

철봉 어깨 틀어 휘돌며 다리 모아 엔도(Endo) 동작의 운동학적 분석

한윤수,백진호,이용식 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.2

This study was attempted to kinematical characteristics of the Endo El-grip Swing on the horizontal bar. At 2002 Busan Asian Games, three endo piked in el-grip swing were filmed using two video cameras during men's team competition. The three dimensional motion analysis with DLT method was executed using two video cameras of analyzing the actual competition situation. It was summarized that (a) It was indicated large hip and shoulder angle at E1, small hip angle and large sholder angle from E1 to E2, the smallest hip angle at E3, flexional hip and shoulder angle from E3 to E4, large hip and shoulder angle at E5; (b) It was indicated large angular velocity of hip at E3, large angular velocity of trunk rotation from E2 to E4, small angular velocity of shoulder and trunk rotion.

白鼠의 末梢 및 中樞 인슐린/도파민 調節樣相에 關한 硏究

韓辰熙,李定均,金容植 서울醫大 1991 精神醫學 Vol.16 No.2

강우시 채수빈도가 논 오염부하량 산정에 미치는 영향

한국헌,김진호,이종식,이정택,조재영,윤광식 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

한정된 수질자료를 이용 오염부하 산정시 집중적으로 많은 샘플을 채취한 경우에 비해 어느 정도 차이를 갖는지를 규명하는 것은 모니터링에 따른 오염부하량 산정결과의 신뢰 범위 파악뿐만 아니라 경제적인 수질 샘플 채수빈도 수립에 곡 필요한 것으로 사료된다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 논에서의 강우-유출시 채수 빈도가 오염부하 산정에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 9개의 강우사상에 대해 2시간 간격으로 연속 수질샘플을 실시하여 분석한 결과 전체적으로 강우-유출과정 중 T-N, T-P, SS 농도는 시간별로 증·감변동을 하였으나 유량과의 상관성은 나타나지 않았다. 수질샘플 횟수에 의한 영향은 강우-유출과정 중 5회 정도 샘플을 실시하면 많은 수의 샘플을 채수한 경우에 비해 T-N ±15.2%, T-P는 -20.0~26.2%, SS는 -28.6~35.7% 범위안에서 오염부하를 추정할 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 차이범위가 ±10% 내에 들어가기 위한 샘플수는 일주기 조사시 T-N, T-P의 경우는 6회, SS의 경우는 단기유출시는 4회 정도 실시하면 되고, 장기 유출시에는 11회 정도 실시하면 되는 것으로 조사되었다. 유량-유하부하량 관계식으로 ±10%내의 차이를 보일 샘플횟수는 T-N의 경우는 6회 이상, T-P와 SS는 9회 이상 정도 실시하면 되는 것으로 조사되었다. In order to examine effects of sampling frequency during rainfall-runoff process from paddy field on the estimation of pollution load, EMCs of several water sampling frequencies were examined. Water quality samples were conducted by every two hours interval for each event. It was found that difference of load estimation between five times sampling and two hours consecutive sampling during rainfall-runoff showed 15.2~-15.2% for T-N, 20.0~-26.2% for T-P, 28.6~-35.7% for the SS, respectively. In the same way, the effects of number of sampling data on estimation of pollution load using runoff-mass load(L-Q) method were investigated. L-Q equation made of five times sampling data provided 10% differences in estimation of mass loads of T-N, T-P, and SS when compared to those by L-Q equation using entire two hours consecutive sampling data during runoff process.

두개저 골절 환자의 임상적 고찰

김한식,목진호,이규춘,이영배 동국대학교 경주대학 1997 東國論集 Vol.16 No.2

저자들은 최근 2년간 본원 신경외과에 입원 치료 받았던 두부외상 환자 중 자료 분석이 가능했던 119례의 두 개저부 골절 환자를 대상으로 임상 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 두부외상후 두개저 골절의 발생 빈도는 34%로 남녀 발생비는 5 : 1이었고, 활동기 연령인 20∼59세가 70.6%를 차지 하였다. 원인으로는 교통사고가 56.3%로 가장 많고 추락, 산재, 낙상, 구타 순이었으며, 내원당시 환자상태는 경증뇌손상(GCS 13-15)이 64.7%, 중증 뇌손상(3∼8) 21.8%, 중등도 뇌손상(9∼12) 13.5% 순이었고 예후도 GCS가 높을수록 양호하였다. 임상소견은 뇌척수액 비루(43.7%)가 가장 흔하고 비루(31.9%), 안와부 반상출혈(31.1%), 기뇌증(26.1%), 청각소실(18.5%)등이었다. 뇌척수액루의 지속 기간은 87.7%가 7일 이내였고 보존적 치료로 93.9%가 해결되었다. 2∼4주 지속된 경우는 요추천자 배액술, 4주 이상된 경우는 수술을 시행하였다. 뇌신경 손상은 안면신경마비가 31.7%로 가장 높았고 발현 시기는 지연성 마비가 69.2%, 조기마비가 30.8%였다. 뇌막염의 발생 빈도는 5.9%로 모두 뇌척수액루가 1주 이상 지속된 경우였고, 항생제 투여군과 비투여군의 뇌막염 발생율은 각각 6.1%와 4.8%로 항생제가 감염율을 낮추지는 못했다. 119 consecutive cases with basal skull fractures out of 343 head injuried patients who were treated in Pohang Hospital from July 1995 to July 1997 were analysed. The authors reviewed the clinical features, radiologic findings, complications and outcomes. Most of the patients(70.6%) were between 20 and 59 years old. The basal skull fractures were more common in men than women-the ratio being 5 : 1. The cause of BSF were traffic accident(56.3%), fall down, work related, silp down, and assults in decreasing order of frequency. The outcome of treatment wee related to initial GCS(Glasgow coma scale) of patients. The severity of head injury were mild(GCS13-15)-64.7%, Moderate(GCS9-12)-13.5%, and severe(GCS3-8)-21.8%, The most common feature of BSF were rhinorrhea(43.7%), otorrhea(31.3%), raccoon's eye(31.1%), pneumocephalus(26.1%), hearing disturbance(18.5%). Most of CSF leakage(86.7%) were noted within 24hours after injury and most of leakage(93.9%) were ceased by conservative management within 2 weeks, but one case that did not respond to conservative and lumbar drainage required operative repair. The facial nerve(31.7%) was the most frequently involved cranial nerve followed by vestibulocochlear and optic nerve. The onset of facial palsies were immediate in 30.8% and delayed 69.2%. The incidence of meningitis was 5.9% and the prophylactic antibiotics had no beneficial effect in reducing the infection rate.

후두와 병변 수술의 발생한 경막하 긴장성 기두증

목진호,김한식,이규춘,박용석,이영배 東國大學校醫學硏究所 1999 東國醫學 Vol.6 No.-

긴장성 기두증은 신경외과영역에서 개두수술 후에 발생할 수 있는 드문 합병증으로 특히 만성 뇌경막하 혈종 제거수술이나 좌위에서 후두와 수술을 시행한 경우에 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 개두수술 후에 신경학적 증상의 악화가 있거나 수술 후 예상경과를 취하지 않는 경우에는 긴장성 기두증의 발생 가증성을 항상 고려하여야 한다. 긴장성 기두증의 발생기전은 물병을 거꾸로 세운 것과 같은 기전(Inverted pop-bottle mechanism)으로 뇌척수액이 누수된 만큼 공기방울이 경막하강으로 올라가 빈 공간을 메우는 것이다. 이와 같은 기전으로 두개강내로 들어간 공기가 일정한 압력을 가지게 되어 주변 뇌조직을 압박하여 신경학적 장애를 초래하게 된다. 뇌전산화 단층촬영을 이용하여 쉽게 진단이 가능하며 치료는 두개골 천공을 시행하여 두개강내 공기를 배기시켜 줌으로서 가능하다. 저자들은 복와위에서 후두와 병변 수술 후에 발생한 긴장성 기두증을 뇌전산화 단층촬영을 이용하여 진단하고 전두골을 천공하여 두개강내 공기를 배기시켜 치험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 중심단어:긴장성 기두증, 후두와 수술, 경막하강, 복와위 Tension pneumocephalus is a rare complication in neurosurgical operation and should be considered whenever a patient fails to recover as expected following surgery. The possible mechanism for the entry of air into the subdural space is analogous to the entry of air into an inverted soda-pop bottle. As the fluid pours out. air bubbles reach the top of the container, Computed tomography permitted rapid diagnosis including localization of the air, thus facilitating prompt treatment. Peaking of frontal lobe. mountain appearance of frontal lobe. and air densities at the cisterns are characteristic findings of' tension pneumocephalus on brain CT scan. This condition is easily diagnosed and treated using twist-drill aspiration. The authors describe a case of subdural tension pneumocephalus complicating the early postoperative course after posterior fossa surgery in the prone position.

두부외상후 생존기간에 영향을 주는 요인분석

목직호,김한식,이규춘,이영배 동국대학교 경주대학 1997 東國論集 Vol.16 No.2

1995년 7월부터 1997년 7월까지 최근 2년간 본원 신경외과에 입원한 343례의 두부손상 환자중 사망한 25례를 조기사망군(7일이내)과 후기사망군(7일후)으로 분류하여 분석해본 결과 7.3%의 사망률을 보였으며 남자 사망자는 여자에 비해 3.2배였으며, 연령 별로는 조기사망군은 40대이상에서 많았고 후기 사망군은 60대 이상의 고령에서 다소 많았다. 조기사망군에서는 낮은 GCS, 비정상적인 동공반사 반응, 타장기 손상, 저혈압, 저산소증, 고혈당, 심한 정중전이, 뇌실압박, 두개골 골절, 개두술의 빈도가 높게 조사되었다. 이송시간은 조기사망군에서 1시간 이내에 도착한 경우가 많아 신속한 후송이 이루어졌다. 한편 후기사망군에서는 저이산화탄소혈증, 빈혈, 고나트륨혈증등이 높게 조사되었다. 사인은 조기사망군에서 1차성두개강내 병변 및 저혈량 등이 많았고 후기사망례는 폐렴, 성인성 호흡곤란 증후군, 외상후성 뇌경색증 등이 주요 사망 원인이었다. 따라서 생존기간별로 위험도가 높은 요소를 찾아 그에 대한 적극적인 치료를 하는 것이 두부 손상으로 인한 사망률을 개선하는데 바람직한 것으로 생각된다. We present a study the variable factor in the early(within one week) and late death(after one week) after head injury. The multiple factors were analysed on the clinical, imaging, and laboratory characteristics of 25 patients who were dead among 343 head injured persons during recent 2 years form July, 1995 to July, 1997. The mortality rate was 7.3% and the ratio of male to female was 3.2 to 1. The early death were younger than late death(5th decade vs 7th decade). Mechanism of injury were motor vehicle accident(64%), followed by work-related, slip and fall, and unknown. The early death had a higher percentage of low GCS score, abnormal pupil reflex, other associated injury, hypotension, hypoxemia, hyperglycemia, midline shift, ventricle compression, skull fracture, and craniotomy compared with the late death. On the other hand, the late death had a higher incidence of hypocarbia, anemia, and hypernatremia than the early death. The main causes of death were primary intracranial lesions and hypovolemia in the early death and pneumonia, ARDS, and posttraumatic cerebral infarction in the late death.