Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

중량물 들고 보행시 잡기유형의 차이에 대한 운동학적 분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,정미라,이창민,이중숙 한국운동역학회 2000 한국운동역학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the kinematic changes of the body according to various weight loads and the holding during carrying object. The experiments were conducted with utilizing image, analyses for five male and five female adults as subjects. The results were as followed. 1. Meaningful differences were shown partially in the angle changes of the subject's wrist joints, elbow joints and coxal articulations, but not in the angle changes of the subject's knee joints, according to the types of holding the objects while subjects carrying 5kg objects. So, carrying a light object of 5kg in workplaces or gyms doesn't have much influence on human joints and muscles. 2. Meaningful differences of angle changes were shown between right holding and vertical holding while subjects carrying 10kg objects. Female subjects had difficulties to hold the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints, carrying 10kg objects, because the first loads were imposed on their wrists and female has weaker muscles than male. In right holding of 10kg objects, female subjects had backward body centers from their bodies, the angle of their coxal articulation became bigger and they had unstable behaviors. 3. Female subjects had wider angle of their wrist joints and elbow joints while carrying 15kg objects than male subjects. But male subjects had bigger angle of coxal articulation than female subjects. Because female has weaker muscles, female subjects couldn't maintain the angles of their wrist joints and elbow joints. 4. The 20kg objects influenced the angles of the wrist joints, the elbow joints and the coaxal articulations of both sex subjects in any type of holding during their carrying 20 kg objects, but didn't influence their knee joints. 5. in carrying 25kg objects, female subjects had wider angles of their wrist joints, elbow joints and knee joints in each holding type than male subjects and the significant difference were shown according to the holding type. But in the case of coxal articulation, male subjects had the bigger angles and meaningful differences. This comes from the weakness of female's muscle. N\Male subject's upper bodies were drawn back and the objects influenced their wrists more than their arms.

신규로 건설된 군 위댐 호내 어류 군집 및 생태적 특성에 관한 연구

이진웅 ( Jin Woong Lee ),윤주덕 ( Ju Duk Yoon ),김정희 ( Jeong Hui Kim ),박상현 ( Sang Hyeon Park ),백승호 ( Seung Ho Baek ),장광현 ( Kwang Hyeon Chang ),장민호 ( Min Ho Jang ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2015 생태와 환경 Vol.48 No.4

To secure water resources, dams are normally constructed on the upper - middle part of streams, and it generates physical disturbances such as habitat alteration and stream fragmentation. Such construction can restrict movement of aquatic organisms, especially for freshwater fish which is one of top predator in aquatic ecosystem, and cause genetic fragmentation and community change. In this study, to investigate impact of habitat alteration after dam construction on freshwater fish, we monitored fish community changes, and compared fish fauna between dam reservoir and inflows. Additionally, movement characteristics and habitat boundaries of four species were identified by radio telemetry method. The study was conducted in the Gunwi Dam which was constructed in December 2010. Radio telemetry was applied to Pungtungia herzi, Zacco platypus (living lotic and lentic), Silurus asotus (lentic preferred species) and Zacco koreanus (lotic preferred species). The number of species was remarkably decreased (4 family, 10 species) comparing with before the dam construction (7 family, 15 species). Specifically, Coreoleuciscus splendidus, Niwaella multifasciata, Liobagrus mediadiposalis, Coreoperca herzi and Odontobutis platycephala that inhabit in the lotic environment were not collected in the study area. A total of 8 species were caught in both the dam reservoir and tributaries except 2 species (C. auratus and S. asotus). Sorenson``s similarity between the reservoir and its tributaries was high (0.842). All of the radio tagged species stayed in the reservoir except S. asotus which moved to the tributary. These species mainly utilized the shallow littoral zone as a habitat. These results could be useful as a baseline data for efficient management of fishes in lakes.

고혈당증과 신적출 후 신증의 실험적 흰쥐 모형에서 신사구체의 형태계측학적 연구 - 사구체 경화증의 발달 과정과 기전에 관한 연구 -

심영웅 ( Young Woong Shim ),설미영 ( Mee Young Sol ),이경민 ( Kyeong Min Lee ),최경운 ( Kyung Un Choi ),김지연 ( Jee Yeon Kim ),이진숙 ( Jin Sook Lee ),박도윤 ( Do Youn Park ),이창훈 ( Chang Hoon Lee ),서강석 ( Kang Suek Suh ) 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.6

목적 : 당뇨병의 가장 흔한 합병증의 당뇨병성 신중에서 현저한 조직 변화인 사구체의 섬유화와 이와 유사한 조직 소견을 보이는 다른 질병들과의 관련성 및 섬유화 기전의 기전의 일단을 밝히기 위하여 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 당뇨병성 신증과 신 조직 일부 소실 후 발생하는 신 적출 후 신증, 생리적 노령화로 인한 사구체 섬유화 등에서 섬유화가 일어나는 시기와 부위, 섬유화의 정도와 시간 경과에 따른 변화 등을 조사하기 위하여 실험 동물 모형을 이용하여 형태계측학적 연구를 하였다. 수컷 Sprague-Dowley (이하 S-D) 흰쥐에 streptozotocin을 꼬리 정맥으로 투여하여 당뇨병성 신증 모델을 만들고, S-D 백서의 우측 신장을 절제하여 과여과 모형을 만들었다. 시술 후 일정 기간이 지난 후 시기별로 희생시켜 Sirius red 염색 표본을 만들어 시구체 단면적과 실질의 섬유화 정도를 측정하고, 전자현미경으로 얻은 사구체 소견에서 메산지움 기질의 면적, 사구체 기저막의 두께, 근위우곡세뇨관 기저막의 두께 등을 조사하였다. 이들에서 질병 시기에 따른 변화, 두 실험군 사이의 차이, 정상 대조군 및 생리적 노화 대조군과의 차이 등을 분석하였다. 결 과 : 당뇨병성 신증 모델에서 사구체 단면적은 실험8주 이후 24주까지 전 예에서 정상 대조군에 비해 크기가 의의있게 증가하였고 신 실질과 사구체 내의 섬유화는 실험 2주 째부터 대조군에 비해 의의있는 교원질 양의 증가가 있었다. 사구체 기저막은 streptozotocin 투여 1주에 희생시킨 군에서도 의의있는 두께의 증가가 있었고, 세뇨관 기저막도 3주에 측정한 군에서부터 현저한 두께의 증가가 있었다. 우측신 절제를 시행한 모형에서 사구체 평면적은 실험 7주군에서 커진 소견이 나타났고 16주 이후의 군대에서는 현저한 크기의 증가 소견이 있었다. 신실질과 사구체의 교원질 염색 소견에서 2주 이후 전 기간에 걸쳐 교원질 양의 증가가 있었고, 사구체 기저막과 세뇨관 기저막 두께는 술 후 2주에 희생시킨 군부터 두께가 의의있게 증가하였다. 생리적 노화과정을 거친 군에서도 사구체의 섬유화가 나타났는데 당뇨병 모형과 신적출 모형에 비해 그 정도는 덜하였다. 당뇨병 모형과 신적출 모형 사이의 사구체 조직 변화는 실험 기간이 긴 군들에서 사구체 평면적의 크기, 교원질 양의 증가, GBM과 TBM의 두께 등이 두 군 모두 현저한 증가를 보였고 신적출 모형에서 실험 최종 기간이 같지 않아 실험 수치의 비교가 의미가 없을 것으로 생각된다. 결 론 : 이상의 성적에 의거하면 신사구체와 간질의 섬유화, GBM과 TBM의 두께 증가는 당뇨병성 신증만의 특징적인 조직 변화는 아니고 신 실질 일부 소실이 일어나는 사구체 질환에서 공통적으로 일어나는 소견이다. 그러므로 본 연구의 대상이 된 당뇨병성 신중, 신적출 후 신증, 그리고 생리적 노화 과정 등에서 공통적으로 나타나는 사구체 모세관의 혈역동학적 변화가 사구체의 섬유화에 병인기전을 밝히는데 중요한 요소가 될 것으로 사료된다. Objective :Diabetic nephropathy and ablation nephropathy are characterized by sclerotic processes in the glomeruli. To elucidate the site, degree and time-honored changes of glomerular sclerosis, morphometric analysis was performed using the experimental animals models. Methods : The animals used were male Sprague-Dowley rats and separated into 4 groups as young mormal control, old control, streptozotocin-injected group, and right nephrectornized group. Chronologically kidney specimens were obtained after each treatment and processed to evaluated histologic changes. To evaluated the glomerular area, interstitial fibrosis and glomerular tuft fibrosis, the kidney specimens were fixed in Buin`s solution, paraffin-embedded and 2 ㎛ sections were Sirius red stained. To study the mesangial area, mesangial matrix area, glomerular basement membrane, and tubular basement membrane, the specimens were fixed in 2,5% glutaraldehyde, epon-embedded, double-stained and examined under the transmission electron microscope. All the specimens were analyzed morphometrically using the Image Pro Plus software. The obtained morphometric data were statistically analyzed to evaluate the differences of fibrotic processes and degree between experimental groups. Results : Diabetic group revealed statistically significant increase of glomerular area from 8th week after streptozotocin injection to 24th week of experimental date. The parenchymal fibrosis and glomerular tuft fibrosis was prominent from the 2nd week of injection and steadily increased until the end of experimental date. The thickness of glomerular basement membrane was significantly increased even at the first week of injection and the tubular basement membrane also increased in thickness at the 3rd week of experiment. Ablation nephropathy model made by right nephrectomy showed increased glomerular area at the 7th week of ablation and the degree were intensified after 16th week of experimental date. The amount of stainable collagen in the renal parenchyme and glomerular tuft increased in the second week kidney sample and steadily increased thereafter until the end of experimental date. The increase of thickness of GBM and TBM also started to appear at the second week of operation. The old control also revealed fibrosis but the degree was less than the diabetic and ablation groups. Both diabetic and ablation nephropathy groups exhibited extensive increase of glomerular area, stainable collagen, thickness of GBM and TBM at the end of experimental date and the ablation group revealed more extensive evidences of fibrosis without statistical significance. Comparison between the experimental groups were meaningless because the duration of the experimental manipulation was not the same. Conclusion: Glomerular and renal interstitial sclerosis and thickening of GBM and TBM are not the specific lesions of the diabetic glomerulopathy and are the common histologic changes occur in the kidney of partial parenchymal loss of any etiology. And it is suggested by this study that the common hemodynamic change involving the diabetic nephropathy, ablation nephropathy and physiologic aging is one of the important pathogenetic factors of glomerular sclerosis.

Structure and Property Modification of Bimodal Molecular Weight Distribution Polyethylene by Electron Beam Irradiation

Lee, Sang-Man,Jeon, Hye-Jin,Choi, Sun-Woong,Song, Hyun-Hoon,Nho, Young-Chang,Cho, Kyu-Cheol The Polymer Society of Korea 2006 Macromolecular Research Vol.14 No.6

Polyethylene of bimodal molecular weight distribution was irradiated with an electron beam. The thermal and mechanical properties were examined by DSC, small and wide angle X-ray scattering and static tensile test according to the crystal morphology of the irradiated samples. The crystal morphology change upon irradiation, as revealed by wide angle X-ray scattering, correlated well with the changes in melting enthalpy, whereas the lamellar thickness and the amorphous gap thickness remained virtually unchanged at irradiation doses up to 500 kGy. Crosslinks in the crystal domains became evident at an energy level of 250 kGy, resulting in reduced crystallinity and crystal size of the (110) and (200) planes. The samples became stiff and brittle with increased irradiation dose, which seem to be more relevant to the amount of cross links than the crystal morphology changes.

백서의 복강내에 투여한 Mitomycin-C-Polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

송규상,강대영,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준목,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

To evaluate the in-vivo effects of mitomycin-C-polyglycolic acid composite(MMC-PGA) the disk: shaped composite were implanted into the peritoneal cavity of the Sprague-Dawley rats. The pathologic changes were examined at various time points up to 12 weeks. Initially the soft tissue around the inserted disks showed capillary congestion at 3 days. Inflammatory infiltrates with foreign body giant cells appeared from the 2nd week and reached peak response at 6-8 weeks. These reaction diminished prominently at 12 weeks. No specific pathologic change was found in the liver, the kidneys, and the heart. The above results suggest that the MMC-PGA composite can serve as a new device for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of various types of cancers.

식품제조업 근골격계질환 평가 및 개선방안 연구

이창민;오연주;김진훈;김대응 동의대학교 산업기술연구소 2008 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.22 No.-

국내 산업재해율 중 50% 이상이 근골격계질환으로 최근 몇 년간 급속한 증가수치를 보이고 있다. 특히 산업재해율이 가장 높은 분포를 가지는 제조업분야에서는 작업 특성상 비정형화된 작업을 장시간 정적 작업자세로 수행함으로써 근골격계질환에 노출될 확률이 높다. 최근 몇 년 간 근골격계질환 예방을 위한 꾸준한 노력이 시행되고 있으나 대부분이 대규모 사업장을 비롯한 것으로 중•소규모의 사업장을 대상으로 하는 분석 및 평가가 미비한 실정이다. 식품제조업의 작업 업무는 많은 자동화 설비가 갖추어져 있음에도 불구하고 작업특성상 장시간의 기립자세가 요구되며 불필요한 작업자세가 유발된다. 식품제조업 분야의 작업공정은 작업형태에 따라 들기, 포장, 정돈 제품적재 작업으로 그룹화 할 수 있으며 이를 근간으로 인간공학적 평가도구를 이용한 작업분석을 설시하였다. 근골격계질환 예방을 위한 분석결과 불필요한 작업자세가 유발되거나 장시간 정적 작업을 비롯한 단순 반복 작업이 식품제조업 분야에 있어서 가장 큰 유해요인이라 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 식품제조업의 작업평가 시 근골격계질환 유해요인으로 관찰되는 부적절한 작업형태 및 작업환경에 대한 인간공학적 평가 및 개선을 통하여 근로자가 안전하게 작업할 수 있는 적합한 작업공간 및 작업형태를 제시하였다.

와이브로(WiBro) Model frame mapper Hardware 구조 설계

윤창중,임웅철,김진상,조원경,김영수,서덕영 경희-다반 ASIC 설계교육센터 2005 경희-다반 ASIC센터 논문집 Vol.6 No.-

WiBro는 하향 링크와 상향 링크를 시간으로 구분하는 TDD방식이 사용되며 다중접속 방식으로는 OFDMA가 사용된다. WiBro 서비스의 특징들은 frame Mapping 과정에서 잘 나타난다 frame은 하나의 frame당 42개의 symbol 단위로 mapping 되며 TFFT Block에서는 하나의 symbol 단위로 frame mapper에서 Data를 불러와 처리한 후 CP insertion, windowing 과정을 거쳐서 단말에 전송한다. 본 논문에서는 WiBro 서비스를 위하여 TTA에서 제정한 표준안을 토대로 모뎀부분을 VHDL 언어를 이용하여 하드웨어로 설계 하였고 Xilinx Vertex 8000을 Target Device로 이용하였다.

위암 환자의 복강내 투여를 위한 Activated Charcoal-Alginate Bead 제형으로부터 Mitomycin C의 용출 거동

이진호,최선웅,서중기,김동민,정경수,오정연,김진향,노승무,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,강대영,송규상,양준묵,조준식,정현용,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

Locoregional recurrence is the most common type of recurrence in surgical operation of gastric adenocarcinoma, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most difficult problems in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma treatment. Because the peritoneal cavity is the most common site of the first recurrence after gastric cancer resection, intraperitoneal chemotherapy seems a logical choice for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, Mitomycin C (MMC)-activated charcoal (CH)-alginate (ALG) beads were prepared by the mixtures of CH particles adsorbed with MMC as an anti-cancer drug and aqueous alginate solution. The alginate is recognized as biodegradable, nontoxic, and biocompatible. The release of MMC from the beads in 0.1 M Tris buffer was stable and continuous until about 1 week. The MMC-CH-ALG beads can be applied in the peritoneal cavity for intraperitoneal chemotherapy since they provide a good adhesiveness on the tissue and controlled release pattern of the drugs.

고선형 단축파 대역 Up-Mixer 설계

장진석,채규성,윤상웅,김창우 慶熙大學校 레이저 工學硏究所 2007 레이저공학 Vol.18 No.-

A single-side band double-balanced mixer using the Gilbert cell structure has been designed with the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS library. The SSB Up-Mixer consists of a core, IF balun-phase shifter, and LO balun-phase shifter block. In the core block, 4-source-coupled degeneration resistors are used to improve the mixer's linearity. The SSB mixer exhibits a 6.8 dB conversion gain with a - 5.7 dBm P_(1-dB) for IF power of 11.5 dBm and LO power of 0 dBm inputs. The image rejection ratio is - 37.7 dBc at a -5.7 dBm output power.