Effects of Exogenous Organic Acids on the Growth and Antioxidant System of Cosmos bipinnatus under Cadmium Stress

Jiani Hu,Xinyi Gao,Yajie Yue,Xiaoyu Ming,Linjie Yue,Lijuan Yang,Xue Xiao,Xiaofang Yu 한국원예학회 2022 원예과학기술지 Vol.40 No.5

Cadmium pollution in China’s urban green spaces is extremely severe, causing a significant increase in the risk of urban environmental pollution. Applying organic acids under Cd stress conditions improves the activity of the major antioxidant enzymes in the AsA-GSH cycle signi- ficantly. In this study, Cosmos bipinnatus seedlings were cultured in a nutritive medium containing 40 µmol·L-1 Cd. They were subsequently supplemented with different concentrations of citric acid and malic acid (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mmol L-1 ) to analyze the roles of the organic acids in regulating the AsA-GSH cycle involved in plant resistance to Cd stress. Exogenous organic acids inhibited the growth of C. bipinnatus in a dose-dependent manner. AsA, GSH, and GR in the leaves decreased dramatically at high malic acid concentrations (2 mol L-1 ). The contents of GSH and GR and the APX activities showed a downward trend when the seedlings were treated with 0.5–2 mmol·L-1 of citric acid. However, AsA exhibited contrasting results under these conditions. Notably, both the antioxidant and enzyme activities were reduced considerably to a minimum when the citric acid concentration was 2 mmol·L-1 . Low concentrations of exogenous acids increased the activities of APX and GR in the leaves of C. bipinnatus, thus increasing the contents of ASA and GSH. Such increases boost the efficiency of the ASA-GSH cycle in relieving the toxic effect of cadmium on C. bipinnatus. Cadmium pollution in China’s urban green spaces is extremely severe, causing a significant increase in the risk of urban environmental pollution. Applying organic acids under Cd stress conditions improves the activity of the major antioxidant enzymes in the AsA-GSH cycle signi- ficantly. In this study, Cosmos bipinnatus seedlings were cultured in a nutritive medium containing -1 40 µmol·L Cd. They were subsequently supplemented with different concentrations of citric acid -1 and malic acid (0,0.5,1.0,2.0 mmol L ) to analyze the roles of the organic acids in regulating the AsA-GSH cycle involved in plant resistance to Cd stress. Exogenous organic acids inhibited the growth of C. bipinnatus in a dose-dependent manner. AsA, GSH, and GR in the leaves decreased -1 dramatically at high malic acid concentrations (2 mol L ). The contents of GSH and GR and the -1 APX activities showed a downward trend when the seedlings were treated with 0.5–2 mmol·L of citric acid. However, AsA exhibited contrasting results under these conditions. Notably, both the antioxidant and enzyme activities were reduced considerably to a minimum when the citric acid -1 concentration was 2 mmol·L . Low concentrations of exogenous acids increased the activities of APX and GR in the leaves of C. bipinnatus, thus increasing the contents of ASA and GSH. Such increases boost the efficiency of the ASA-GSH cycle in relieving the toxic effect of cadmium on C. bipinnatus.

Investigation of Aging Behavior and Thermal Stability of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Tri-block Copolymer in Blends

Xiong Xu,Jianying Yu,Canlin Zhang,Song Xu,Lihui Xue,Dong Xie 한국고분자학회 2016 폴리머 Vol.40 No.6

Aging behavior and thermal stability of styrene-butadiene-styrene tri-block copolymer (SBS) in blends were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermo-gravimetric analysis (TG). From the analysis of FTIR, the alcohol and carboxyl hydroxyl groups will be gradually generated during the thermal and ultraviolet aging, and the effect of short-term high temperature is more serious than longterm ultraviolet exposure on the structure of SBS; XPS results show that oxygen/carbon ratio of thermal and ultraviolet aged SBS have significantly increased, while the relative concentration of C-O-H(R) is far higher than that of COOH(R); inferred oxidation mechanism of SBS based on the analytical results of FTIR and XPS shows alcohol, carboxyl, ether, ketone, etc. have mainly formed in blends after thermal or ultraviolet aging; moreover, on account of the distribution index of carbon-oxygen binding state of thermal and ultraviolet aged SBS(respectively 3.15 and 1.28), C-O is easily produced than C=O and the effect of thermal aging is more obvious; from the results of TG, the maximum decomposition rate and temperature decrease after aging.

Genomic Correlates of Unfavorable Outcome in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation

Yuchun Wei,Chuqing Wei,Liang Chen,Ning Liu,Qiuxiang Ou,Jiani C. Yin,Jiaohui Pang,Zhenhao Fang,Xue Wu,Xiaonan Wang,Dianbin Mu,Yang Shao,Jinming Yu,Shuanghu Yuan 대한암학회 2022 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.54 No.4

Purpose Neoadjuvant therapy modality can increase the operability rate and mitigate pathological risks in locally advanced cervical cancer, but treatment response varies widely. It remains unclear whether genetic alterations correlate with the response to neoadjuvant therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer. Materials and Methods A total of 62 locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IB-IIA) patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus radical hysterectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ tumor biopsy samples were comprehensively profiled using targeted next generation sequencing. Pathologic response to neoadjuvant treatment and DFS were evaluated against the association with genomic traits. Results Genetic alterations of PIK3CA were most frequent (37%), comparable to that of Caucasian populations from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The mutation frequency of genes including TERT, POLD1, NOS2, and FGFR3 was significantly higher in Chinese patients whereas RPTOR, EGFR, and TP53 were underrepresented in comparison to Caucasians. Germline mutations were identified in 21% (13/62) of the cohort and more than half (57%) had mutations in DNA damage repair genes, including BRCA1/2, TP53 and PALB2. Importantly, high tumor mutation burden, TP53 polymorphism (rs1042522), and KEAP1 mutations were found to be associated with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment. KEAP1 mutations, PIK3CA-SOX2 co-amplification, TERC copy number gain, and TYMS polymorphism correlated with an increased risk of disease relapse. Conclusion We report the genomic profile of locally advanced cervical cancer patients and the distinction between Asian and Caucasian cohorts. Our findings highlight genomic traits associated with unfavorable neoadjuvant chemoradiation response and a higher risk of early disease recurrence. PurposeNeoadjuvant therapy modality can increase the operability rate and mitigate pathological risks in locally advanced cervical cancer, but treatment response varies widely. It remains unclear whether genetic alterations correlate with the response to neoadjuvant therapy and disease-free survival (DFS) in locally advanced cervical cancer.Materials and MethodsA total of 62 locally advanced cervical cancer (stage IB-IIA) patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation plus radical hysterectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ tumor biopsy samples were comprehensively profiled using targeted next generation sequencing. Pathologic response to neoadjuvant treatment and DFS were evaluated against the association with genomic traits.ResultsGenetic alterations of <i>PIK3CA</i> were most frequent (37%), comparable to that of Caucasian populations from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The mutation frequency of genes including <i>TERT, POLD1, NOS2</i>, and <i>FGFR3</i> was significantly higher in Chinese patients whereas <i>RPTOR, EGFR</i>, and <i>TP53</i> were underrepresented in comparison to Caucasians. Germline mutations were identified in 21% (13/62) of the cohort and more than half (57%) had mutations in DNA damage repair genes, including <i>BRCA1/2, TP53</i> and <i>PALB2</i>. Importantly, high tumor mutation burden, <i>TP53</i> polymorphism (rs1042522), and <i>KEAP1</i> mutations were found to be associated with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation treatment. <i>KEAP1</i> mutations, <i>PIK3CA-SOX2</i> co-amplification, <i>TERC</i> copy number gain, and <i>TYMS</i> polymorphism correlated with an increased risk of disease relapse.ConclusionWe report the genomic profile of locally advanced cervical cancer patients and the distinction between Asian and Caucasian cohorts. Our findings highlight genomic traits associated with unfavorable neoadjuvant chemoradiation response and a higher risk of early disease recurrence.

Experimental Study on the Damage of Steel Tubular Structural Components by Near-Field Detonations

Wanyue Wang,Shaobo Geng,Hua Wang,Wenqiang Li,Yaling Liu,Jianying Xue,Tingbian Zhan,Ying Gao 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.25 No.2

This paper describes three blast-loading trials on three kinds of steel tubular structural components at the same explosive charge and standoff distance. Specimen one is a hollowsteel tube (HST), another is a HST wrapped with glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) with epoxy resin and the third is a HST infilled with concrete. The main objective of the trials is to investigate the effect of near-field detonations on circular steel tubular components. The experimental data, such as the overpressure time history, front local deformation, rear residual deflection and strain time history, are all recorded and collected. Analysis of the trial results shows that the experimental peak overpressure values of shot 1-3 are all larger than that of numerical simulation. The failure of these three specimens mainly experiences local damage, at the same time, the HST and HST with GFRP exhibit obvious global deformation. With the initiation point at one end of the cylinder explosive, both the maximum depth deformation on the front surface and the maximum residual deflection on the rear surface are all located on the side of the another end of the cylinder explosive. The blast-resistant approach by covering 10-layer GFRP on the surface of the HST can reduce the local damage, the global deformationand the dynamic strain value to certain extent, while the approach by infilling the steel tube with concrete can greatly decrease the local damage and the dynamic strain value and without any global deformation.

The Correlation between Thyrotropin and Dyslipidemia in a Population-based Study

Li Lu,Beibei Wang,Zhongyan Shan,Fengwei Jiang,Xiaochun Teng,Yanyan Chen,Yaxin Lai,Jiani Wang,Haibo Xue,Sen Wang,Chenyan Li,He Liu,Ningna Li,Jiashu Yu,Liangfeng Shi,Xin Hou,Qian Xing,Xue Bai,Weiping Te 대한의학회 2011 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.26 No.2

This study investigated the relationship between serum thyrotrophin levels and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects. A total of 110 subjects with subclinical hypothyroidism and 1,240 euthyroid subjects enrolled in this study. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had significantly lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels than those who were euthyroid. The lipid profiles were each categorized and mean thyrotrophin levels were higher in subjects in the dyslipidemia subclasses than subjects in the normal subclasses. Thyrotrophin was positively associated with serum triglyceride and negatively associated with serum HDL-C in women. Thyrotrophin was also positively associated with total cholesterol (TC) in the overweight population along with TC and LDL-C in overweight women. In the euthyroid population, thyrotrophin was positively associated with TC in the overweight population. In conclusion, serum thyrotrophin was correlated with dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid subjects; the correlation was independent of insulin sensitivity.