The Hepatotoxicity and Testicular Toxicity Induced by Arecoline in Mice and Protective Effects of Vitamins C and E

Jianhong Zhou,Jie Zhang,Qi Sun,Zhirong Yang 대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.2

Arecoline is a major alkaloid of areca nuts which are widely chewed by southeast Asian and itmanifests various toxic effects in different organs of human and animals. In this work, mature micewere treated by vitamins C plus E, arecoline, or both daily for four weeks. The results showed thatarecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetatetransaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased thelevels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) andcatalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Additionally, the body weight, testis weight, sperm counts, motilityand normal sperms also were significantly decreased. The supplement of vitamins C and E can bringthe activities of ALP and GPT to normal levels and partially restore the sperm counts compared tothe arecoline-treated group but have no other positive effects. In conclusion, the vitamins C and Epartially attenuated the arecoline-induced hepatotoxiciy but basically had on protective effects againstthe arecoline-induced testicular toxicity.

The Hepatotoxicity and Testicular Toxicity Induced by Arecoline in Mice and Protective Effects of Vitamins C and E

Zhou, Jianhong,Sun, Qi,Yang, Zhirong,Zhang, Jie The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.2

Arecoline is a major alkaloid of areca nuts which are widely chewed by southeast Asian and it manifests various toxic effects in different organs of human and animals. In this work, mature mice were treated by vitamins C plus E, arecoline, or both daily for four weeks. The results showed that arecoline significantly increased the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and significantly decreased the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the liver tissues. Additionally, the body weight, testis weight, sperm counts, motility and normal sperms also were significantly decreased. The supplement of vitamins C and E can bring the activities of ALP and GPT to normal levels and partially restore the sperm counts compared to the arecoline-treated group but have no other positive effects. In conclusion, the vitamins C and E partially attenuated the arecoline-induced hepatotoxiciy but basically had on protective effects against the arecoline-induced testicular toxicity.

Study on Mg^(2+) removal from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution by solvent extraction with di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid

JianHong Luo,Jun Li,Kun Zhou,Yang Jin 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.4

The extraction of Mg^(2+) from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (MAP) solution by extractant (D2EHPA)and its mixture, including acidic extractant (HEHPEHE), alkaline extractant (TOA) and neutral extractant (TBP) respectively,is investigated. The good extraction selectivity of Mg^(2+) with D2EHPA from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is verified, which is found to be associated with the cation exchange and chelation capability of D2EHPA on the basis of its molecular structure. The related thermodynamic data are also obtained in terms of experimental results as follows: the extraction enthalpy is 2.659×10^(−2) (J·mol^(−1)·K^(−1)), the free energy is 1.501×10^3 (J·mol^(−1)) and the entropy is 4.441 (J·mol^(−1)). Meanwhile, the major influencing factors, such as the initial pH, the initial concentration of extractant,phase ratio and the extraction temperature on the extraction ratios of Mg^(2+), are studied, and the optimal process conditions are obtained. As shown in the extraction experiments for practical MAP solution, superior grade MAP can be obtained by three levels of extraction under optimal condition.

A Longitunal Study on Young Children's Development of the Representation of Written Number Symbols

Xin Zhou,Jianhong Wang 한국유아교육학회 2006 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION Vol.12 No.1

Young children’s representation of written number symbols was examined at 4 time points during two years (mean age=55, 64, 70 & 76 months). Measurements were Number Symbol Representation Task; Cardinal Concept Task; Written Addition and Subtraction Task and Written Arithmetic Formula Representation Task. The results indicated children’s rapid development in the ability to represent written number symbols. Scores on Written Number Symbolic Tasks, Cardinal Concept and Written Addition and Subtraction Task were significantly correlated. Performance of children in university affiliated childcare center surpassed that of the center serving working families at Time 1, but the advantage of the center faded at Time 3 and Time 4. A multiple regression analysis identified 2 significant predictors for children’s representation of written number symbols at the end of kindergarten: written number symbol representation score at Time 1 and the type of kindergarten.

Identification of loci affecting teat number by genome-wide association studies on three pig populations

Tang, Jianhong,Zhang, Zhiyan,Yang, Bin,Guo, Yuanmei,Ai, Huashui,Long, Yi,Su, Ying,Cui, Leilei,Zhou, Liyu,Wang, Xiaopeng,Zhang, Hui,Wang, Chengbin,Ren, Jun,Huang, Lusheng,Ding, Nengshui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.1

Objective: Three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a meta-analysis of GWAS were conducted to explore the genetic mechanisms underlying variation in pig teat number. Methods: We performed three GWAS and a meta-analysis for teat number on three pig populations, including a White Duroc${\times}$Erhualian $F_2$ resource population (n = 1,743), a Chinese Erhualian pig population (n = 320) and a Chinese Sutai pig population (n = 383). Results: We detected 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that surpassed the genome-wide significant level on Sus Scrofa chromosomes (SSC) 1, 7, and 12 in the $F_2$ resource population, corresponding to four loci for pig teat number. We highlighted vertnin (VRTN) and lysine demethylase 6B (KDM6B) as two interesting candidate genes at the loci on SSC7 and SSC12. No significant associated SNPs were identified in the meta-analysis of GWAS. Conclusion: The results verified the complex genetic architecture of pig teat number. The causative variants for teat number may be different in the three populations

Bioactive Ingredients from Nitraria tangutorun Bobr. Protect Against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Through Attenuation of Oxidative Stress and the Inflammatory Response

Hailiang Wang,Jianhong Zhou,Hongtao Bi,Xiaoyu Yang,Wenlong Chen,Kuijun Jiang,Yang Yao,Weihua Ni 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.7

Nitraria tangutorun Bobr. has been used for thousands of years as a native folk medicine to alleviate dizziness and neurasthenia due to oxygen. In our previous study, natural antioxidant components (namely, NJBE) were isolated from industrial N. tangutorun Bobr. juice byproducts (NJBE) from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The current investigation assessed the effects of NJBE on ischemic stroke in mice and the potential mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice received NJBE (25, 50, or 100 mg/Kg) by gavage for 14 days and then stroke was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model, followed by reperfusion for 72 h. The evaluation of brain infarct size, behavioral tests, and functional assessments was conducted to assess the effects of NJBE after MCAO. Our results suggested that NJBE significantly decreases infarct size, improves neurological deficits, as well as reduces the number of GFAP+ and Iba-1+ cells after MCAO. NJBE inhibited nitric oxide and malondialdehyde production in the ischemic brain. Meanwhile, it attenuated the expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Also, NJBE significantly attenuated the expression levels of proinflammatory indicators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12. This process was accompanied by the downregulation of TLR4, TRAF6, pIκB/pIκB, and MMP9 expression and the upregulation of claudin-5 expression. NJBE induced improvements in brain injury. The neuroprotective effect of NJBE provides evidence for its potential application in stroke treatment.

Panduratin A Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Inducing G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells

Liu, Qiuming,Cao, Yali,Zhou, Ping,Gui, Shimin,Wu, Xiaobo,Xia, Yong,Tu, Jianhong The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2018 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.26 No.3

Because of the unsatisfactory treatment options for breast cancer (BC), there is a need to develop novel therapeutic approaches for this malignancy. One such strategy is chemotherapy using non-toxic dietary substances and botanical products. Studies have shown that Panduratin A (PA) possesses many health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and anticancer activities. In the present study, we provide evidence that PA treatment of MCF-7 BC cells resulted in a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth with an $IC_{50}$ of $15{\mu}M$ and no to little effect on normal human MCF-10A breast cells. To define the mechanism of these anti-proliferative effects of PA, we determined its effect critical molecular events known to regulate the cell cycle and apoptotic machinery. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC staining provided evidence for the induction of apoptosis. PA treatment of BC cells resulted in increased activity/expression of mitochondrial cytochrome C, caspases 7, 8 and 9 with a significant increase in the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, suggesting the involvement of a mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry showed that PA treatment of cells resulted in G0/G1 arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoblot analysis data revealed that, in MCF-7 cell lines, PA treatment resulted in the dose-dependent (i) induction of $p21^{WAF1/Cip1}$ and p27Kip1, (ii) downregulation of Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and (iii) decrease in cyclin D1. These findings suggest that PA may be an effective therapeutic agent against BC.

Beyond Canonical PROTAC: Biological targeted protein degradation (bioTPD)

Huifang Wang,Runhua Zhou,Fushan Xu,Kongjun Yang,Liuhai Zheng,Pan Zhao,Guangwei Shi,Lingyun Dai,Chengchao Xu,Le Yu,Zhijie Li,Jianhong Wang,Jigang Wang 한국생체재료학회 2023 생체재료학회지 Vol.27 No.00

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) is an emerging therapeutic strategy with the potential to modulate disease associated proteins that have previously been considered undruggable, by employing the host destructionmachinery. The exploration and discovery of cellular degradation pathways, including but not limited toproteasomes and lysosome pathways as well as their degraders, is an area of active research. Since the conceptof proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) was introduced in 2001, the paradigm of TPD has been greatlyexpanded and moved from academia to industry for clinical translation, with small-molecule TPD being particularlyrepresented. As an indispensable part of TPD, biological TPD (bioTPD) technologies including peptide-, fusionprotein-, antibody-, nucleic acid-based bioTPD and others have also emerged and undergone significantadvancement in recent years, demonstrating unique and promising activities beyond those of conventional small molecule TPD. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in bioTPD technologies, summarize theircompositional features and potential applications, and briefly discuss their drawbacks. Moreover, we present somestrategies to improve the delivery efficacy of bioTPD, addressing their challenges in further clinical development.

Panduratin A Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Inducing G0/G1 Phase Cell Cycle Arrest and Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells

( Qiuming Liu,Yali Cao ),( Ping Zhou ),( Shimin Gui ),( Xiaobo Wu ),( Yong Xia ),( Jianhong Tu ) 한국응용약물학회 2018 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.26 No.3

Because of the unsatisfactory treatment options for breast cancer (BC), there is a need to develop novel therapeutic approaches for this malignancy. One such strategy is chemotherapy using non-toxic dietary substances and botanical products. Studies have shown that Panduratin A (PA) possesses many health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and anticancer activities. In the present study, we provide evidence that PA treatment of MCF-7 BC cells resulted in a time- and dosedependent inhibition of cell growth with an IC< SUB >50< /SUB > of 15 μM and no to little effect on normal human MCF-10A breast cells. To define the mechanism of these anti-proliferative effects of PA, we determined its effect critical molecular events known to regulate the cell cycle and apoptotic machinery. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis of Annexin V-FITC staining provided evidence for the induction of apoptosis. PA treatment of BC cells resulted in increased activity/expression of mitochondrial cytochrome C, caspases 7, 8 and 9 with a significant increase in the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, suggesting the involvement of a mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry showed that PA treatment of cells resulted in G0/G1 arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoblot analysis data revealed that, in MCF-7 cell lines, PA treatment resulted in the dosedependent (i) induction of p21^WAF1/Cip1 and p27Kip1, (ii) downregulation of Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and (iii) decrease in cyclin D1. These findings suggest that PA may be an effective therapeutic agent against BC.

Lipidomic profiling of Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry

Hu, Lingping,Hu, Zhiheng,Chin, Yaoxian,Yu, Haixia,Xu, Jianhong,Zhou, Jianwei,Liu, Donghong,Kang, Mengli,Hu, Yaqin The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2022 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.25 No.3

A method of ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS) was established for characterization of the lipid profile of Skipjack tuna. Over 300 lipid molecular species were identified through cross-acquisition in both positive and negative ion mode. Phospholipids (PLs) were dominant in Skipjack tuna. Lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) were the main lipid molecular species in PLs, accounting for 89.24% of the total PLs. The ratio of sphingolipids (SLs) and glycerolipids (GLs) were considerable, accounting for 12.30% and 13.60% of the total lipids respectively. Ceramide (Cer) was the main lipid molecular species of SLs, accounting for 64.96% of total SLs, followed by sphingomyelin (SM), accounting for 25.45% of total SLs. Ether diglycerides (ether DG) were the main lipid molecular species of GLs (97.83%). The main fatty acids (FAs) are unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in Skipjack tuna. Besides, a new FAs class branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) was detected, together with the FA. The active lipids identified in this study can be used to evaluate the nutritional value of Skipjack tuna.