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      • KCI등재

        Motion of Charged Micro-particle Immersed in Liquid Crystal Controlled by In-plane Field for Electro Paper Display

        In-Su Baik,송은경,이승희,Ju-Hwan Choi,Byoung Sun Jung,Sang Youn Jeon 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.1

        We have studied the motion of charged micro-particles that are immersed in a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and controlled by in-plane field. The LC is an anisotropic liquid such that the viscosity of the LC depends on flow direction, phase of the LC, and temperature, which affects the motion of the charged particles under the influence of electric field. This study shows that the motion of charged particles mainly depends on the applied voltage and the LC phase, but does not show any significant influence from the initial alignment of LC, although one may expect directional difference in drag force due to interaction between LC and particle. The viscosity changes due to temperature variations in nematic phase also show no signification influence on particle velocity when compared to the effect from varying in-plane field strength.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Motion of Charged Micro-particle Immersed in Liquid Crystal Controlled by In-plane Field for Electro Paper Display

        Baik, In-Su,Choi, Ju-Hwan,Jung, Byoung-Sun,Jeon, Sang-Youn,Song, Eun-Kyoung,Lee, Seung-Hee The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2006 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.7 No.1

        We have studied the motion of charged micro-particles that are immersed in a nematic liquid crystal (LC) and controlled by in-plane field. The LC is an anisotropic liquid such that the viscosity of the LC depends on flow direction, phase of the LC, and temperature, which affects the motion of the charged particles under the influence of electric field. This study shows that the motion of charged particles mainly depends on the applied voltage and the LC phase, but does not show any significant influence from the initial alignment of LC, although one may expect directional difference in drag force due to interaction between LC and particle. The viscosity changes due to temperature variations in nematic phase also show no signification influence on particle velocity when compared to the effect from varying in-plane field strength.

      • DYNAMIC RESPONSE OF CARBON NANOTUBES DISPERSED IN NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTAL

        YOUNG HEE LEE,SANG YOUN JEON,KYUNG AH PARK,IN-SU BAIK,SEOK JIN JEONG,SEOK HO JEONG,안계혁,SEUNG HEE LEE 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2007 NANO Vol.2 No.1

        The alignment and dynamic response of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in nematic liquid crystal (NLC) medium induced by strong electric field have been observed through polarizing optical microscope. Density-functional calculations suggest that LC molecule anchors helically to the CNT wall to enhance π-stacking with a binding energy of nearly -2.0 eV due to a considerable amount of charge transfer from LC molecule to CNT, resulting in the formation of excess charges and permanent dipole moment in CNTs. Under strong electric field, the motion of CNTs distorted the director of adjacent LC molecules. Our detailed analysis of dynamics revealed that the four-lobe textures in vertical cell and two vertical stripes in in-plane switching cell were strongly correlated, i.e., the side view of textures by the vertical motion of CNTs in vertical cell was similar to the textures in in-plane switching cell. Interestingly, the magnitude of textures in microscope was strongly dependent on the size of CNTs and theapplied field strength. The statistical size distribution of textures similar to that of CNTs provided information for the degree of dispersion of CNTs.

      • SCISCIESCOPUS

        Study on colour characteristics depending on orientation of liquid crystal in the in-plane switching mode

        Jung, Byoung Sun,Baik, In Su,Song, Ii Sub,Lee, Gi-Dong,Lee, Seung Hee Taylor Francis 2006 Liquid crystals Vol.33 No.9

        <P> The degree of colour shift depending on viewing direction in the in-plane switching (IPS) mode has been investigated. The IPS cell with pure twist deformation exhibits a stronger colour shift than that of the IPS cell with tilt as well as twist deformation, although the former has better luminance uniformity in the bright state than the latter. Furthermore, the IPS cell with multi-directional LC orientation, with tilt as well as twist deformation, shows the least colour shift.</P>

      • SCOPUSKCI등재

        Study on Electro Optic Characteristics of In-plane Switching Mode Liquid Crystal Display using Transparent Electrode

        Song, Il-Sub,Baik, In-Su,Kim, Tae-Man,Lee, Seung-Hee,Kim, Do-Sung,Soh, Hoe-Sub,Kim, Woo-Yeol The Korean Infomation Display Society 2004 Journal of information display Vol.5 No.3

        Voltage-dependent transmittance characteristics associated with various cell parameters have been studied in-plane switching liquid crystal display when both common and pixel electrodes are transparent. When both electrodes are opaque, the transmittance is related to only the distance (I) between electrodes. However, where transparent electrode is used, it is influenced not only the 1but also an electrode width (w) and rubbing angle. In addition, these factors are related to operating voltage which shows maximal transmittance. To maximize the light efficiency of the cell and obtain low operating voltage, the above-mentioned cell parameters need to be optimized.

      • KCI등재

        금강권역 주요 하천의 돌부착돌말류 분포 및 출현예측

        조인환 ( In Hwan Cho ),김하경 ( Ha Kyung Kim ),최만영 ( Man Young Choi ),권용수 ( Yong Su Kwon ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ),김상훈 ( Sang Hoon Kim ),김백호 ( Baik Ho Kim ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2015 생태와 환경 Vol.48 No.3

        In order to understand the relationship between the distribution of epilithic diatoms and the habitual environments, land-use, water qualities, and epilithic diatoms were studied at 141 sampling sites in the midwestern stream of Korean peninsula (Geum river, Mangyeong river, Dongjin river, and Sapgyo river). The total 183 diatom taxa was appeared in the study, while the dominant species were found to be Nitzschia palea (10.9%) and Achnanthes convergens (8.4%). Based on the abundance of epilithic diatoms, a cluster analysis results indicate that the sampling sites divided the sampling sites into 4 groups (G) at the 25% level. In term of geographic and aquatic environments, G-I and -II accounted for the upper and mid streams of the Geum river, and had large forest areas and good in water quality. G-III accounted for farmland and urban, and high concentration nutrient levels (TN and TP) and electric conductivity. G-IV accounted for mostly farmland, and high levels in turbidity, BOD, nutrient and electric conductivity. CCA results showed that the saproxenous taxa Meridion circulare was the indicator species of G-I, which strongly influenced by altitude and forests. In G-II, the indifferent taxa Navicula cryptocephala was influenced by Chl-a, AFDM, and DO. In G-III and -IV, the indifferent taxa Fragilaria elliptica and saprophilous taxa Aulacoseira ambigua were influenced by electric conductivity, turbidity, and nutrient counts. Meanwhile, random forest results showed that the predicting factor of indicator species appearance in G-I, -II, and -III was found to be electric conductivity whereas in G-IV it was found to be turbidity. Collectively, the distribution of diatoms in the midwestern of Korean peninsula was found to depend more on the land-use and its subsequent water qualities than the inherent characteristics of the aquatic environment.

      • KCI등재SCOPUSSCIE

        Dynamic Changes in the Bridging Collaterals of the Basal Ganglia Circuitry Control Stress-Related Behaviors in Mice

        Lee, Young,Han, Na-Eun,Kim, Wonju,Kim, Jae Gon,Lee, In Bum,Choi, Su Jeong,Chun, Heejung,Seo, Misun,Lee, C. Justin,Koh, Hae-Young,Kim, Joung-Hun,Baik, Ja-Hyun,Bear, Mark F.,Choi, Se-Young,Yoon, Bong-Ju Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2020 Molecules and cells Vol.43 No.4

        The basal ganglia network has been implicated in the control of adaptive behavior, possibly by integrating motor learning and motivational processes. Both positive and negative reinforcement appear to shape our behavioral adaptation by modulating the function of the basal ganglia. Here, we examined a transgenic mouse line (G2CT) in which synaptic transmissions onto the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the basal ganglia are depressed. We found that the level of collaterals from direct pathway MSNs in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) ('bridging collaterals') was decreased in these mice, and this was accompanied by behavioral inhibition under stress. Furthermore, additional manipulations that could further decrease or restore the level of the bridging collaterals resulted in an increase in behavioral inhibition or active behavior in the G2CT mice, respectively. Collectively, our data indicate that the striatum of the basal ganglia network integrates negative emotions and controls appropriate coping responses in which the bridging collateral connections in the GPe play a critical regulatory role.

      • Antibacterial Effects of the Urushiol Component in the Sap of the Lacquer Tree (<i>Rhus verniciflua</i> Stokes) on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>

        Suk, Ki Tae,Baik, Soon Koo,Kim, Hyun Soo,Park, Su Min,Paeng, Ki Jung,Uh, Young,Jang, In Ho,Cho, Mee Yon,Choi, Eung Ho,Kim, Myong Jo,Ham, Young Lim Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Helicobacter Vol.16 No.6

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background: </B> Urushiol is a major component of the lacquer tree which has been used as a folk remedy for the relief of abdominal discomfort in Korea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the urushiol on <I>Helicobacter pylori</I>.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods: </B> Monomer and 2–4 polymer urushiol were used. In the in vitro study, pH‐ and concentration‐dependent antibacterial activity of the urushiol against <I>H.?pylori</I> were investigated. In addition, the serial morphological effects of urushiol on <I>H.?pylori</I> were examined by electron microscopy. In vivo animal study was performed for the safety, eradication rate, and the effect on gastritis of urushiol. The expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines was checked.</P><P><B>Results: </B> All strains survived within a pH 6.0–9.0. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the extract against strains ranged 0.064–0.256 mg/mL. Urushiol caused separation of the membrane and lysis of <I>H.?pylori</I> within 10 minutes. Urushiol (0.128 mg/mL × 7 days) did not cause complications on mice. The eradication rates were 33% in the urushiol monotherapy, 75% in the triple therapy (omeprazole + clarithromycin + metronidazole), and 100% in the urushiol + triple therapy, respectively. <I>H.?pylori‐</I>induced gastritis was not changed by urushiol but reduced by eradication. Only the expression of interleukin‐1β in the gastric tissue was significantly increased by <I>H.?pylori</I> infection and reduced by the urushiol and <I>H.?pylori</I> eradication (<I>p </I>= .014).</P><P><B>Conclusions: </B> The urushiol has an antibacterial effect against <I>H.?pylori</I> infection and can be used safely for <I>H.?pylori</I> eradication in a mouse model.</P>

      • 불황극복의 전략: 서울 디자이노믹스 연구

        라도삼 ( Do Sam La ),백선혜 ( Seon Hae Baik ),정수인 ( Su In Jeong ) 서울시정개발연구원 2009 연구보고서 Vol.2009 No.15

        This research collected and organized the various materials about the economic effect of design and design strategies of major nations and cities. It aims to verify that aggressive investment in design is essential through demonstrating design as a core keyword to overcome the economic crisis in the era of worldwide recession. Namely, it confirms that design is a shortcut to overcome the economic crisis and a foundation for the new growth and economic take-off. There are many cases. England, receiver of the IMF loan at the end of 1970s, overcame the crisis through realization of the proposition, ``Design or Resign.`` With the leadership of Margaret Thatcher as a prime minister, England promoted Redesign project changing fundamental basis of the industry and restructuring enterprises and organizations. The great depression in 1930s was the period offering new anticipations to the designers. It also gave GM, who invested drastically to design, an opportunity to take the world market, while it gave Ford, who aimed at generally popular cars, a disappointment loosing the market. The more crisis it is, the more likely it is that design is important and emphasized. ``For revitalization of the economy, design is important`` by John Cotton Dana in 1928 and ``Design loves a Depression`` by Michael Channel in 2009 both stressed that design is important to economic recession. We developed the concept of DESIGNOMICS based on the idea that ``Design becomes more important in times of depression.`` Designomics is a compound word of design and economy emphasizing the economic aftereffect of design. The primary point of view of Designomics is that design has a great effect to economy, and especially in the period of depression there are many cases overcoming the economic crisis relying on design. Therefore, Designomics is used to highlight the necessity of design management and the significance of strategic approach as well as regular and continuous investment. Through the analysis of the historical and modern meaning of Designomics and the strategies of each country and city, we confirmed the great ripple effect of design and the necessity of design management. For example, an average period and expenses for the development of design can be reduced from 1/10 up to 1/20 comparing to that of technology. With that less effort, however, the research on the English enterprises shows that the company with more emphasis on design has the higher and stabler stock prices. It tells us that design facilitates the value and stability of the enterprise, and serves as a momentum to innovate the enterprise. Many companies practically channel to design based enterprise through continuous innovation of merchandises, production, management, organization, image, and etc. by design. It is same with the nation and the city. England, Japan, and USA all put a premium on design. Also rising nations are trying to control the world market through design innovation. Many cities develops symbol, revitalize underdeveloped areas, change the life of citizens, and nurturing art, contents as well as tourist by various design projects. In that Designomics of Seoul function as a principal strategy to overcome the recession by getting over the limit and at the same time building growth power of the future. To the current Seoul with the level of urban infrastructure in 10 thousand dollars in spite of the national income close to 20 thousand dollars, the recession can be the chance. Utilizing the recession, Seoul can channel to sustainably growing city by promoting the various design management improving the urban infrastructure and creating the brand and image of Seoul. Without the effort, Seoul will pay dear for the deteriorated urban environment. In that point, Designomics of Seoul is not an extravagant project wasting the taxes, but a project securing sustainable growth potentiality overcoming the worldwide recession.

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