불황극복의 전략: 서울 디자이노믹스 연구

라도삼 ( Do Sam La ),백선혜 ( Seon Hae Baik ),정수인 ( Su In Jeong ) 서울시정개발연구원 2009 연구보고서 Vol.2009 No.15

This research collected and organized the various materials about the economic effect of design and design strategies of major nations and cities. It aims to verify that aggressive investment in design is essential through demonstrating design as a core keyword to overcome the economic crisis in the era of worldwide recession. Namely, it confirms that design is a shortcut to overcome the economic crisis and a foundation for the new growth and economic take-off. There are many cases. England, receiver of the IMF loan at the end of 1970s, overcame the crisis through realization of the proposition, ``Design or Resign.`` With the leadership of Margaret Thatcher as a prime minister, England promoted Redesign project changing fundamental basis of the industry and restructuring enterprises and organizations. The great depression in 1930s was the period offering new anticipations to the designers. It also gave GM, who invested drastically to design, an opportunity to take the world market, while it gave Ford, who aimed at generally popular cars, a disappointment loosing the market. The more crisis it is, the more likely it is that design is important and emphasized. ``For revitalization of the economy, design is important`` by John Cotton Dana in 1928 and ``Design loves a Depression`` by Michael Channel in 2009 both stressed that design is important to economic recession. We developed the concept of DESIGNOMICS based on the idea that ``Design becomes more important in times of depression.`` Designomics is a compound word of design and economy emphasizing the economic aftereffect of design. The primary point of view of Designomics is that design has a great effect to economy, and especially in the period of depression there are many cases overcoming the economic crisis relying on design. Therefore, Designomics is used to highlight the necessity of design management and the significance of strategic approach as well as regular and continuous investment. Through the analysis of the historical and modern meaning of Designomics and the strategies of each country and city, we confirmed the great ripple effect of design and the necessity of design management. For example, an average period and expenses for the development of design can be reduced from 1/10 up to 1/20 comparing to that of technology. With that less effort, however, the research on the English enterprises shows that the company with more emphasis on design has the higher and stabler stock prices. It tells us that design facilitates the value and stability of the enterprise, and serves as a momentum to innovate the enterprise. Many companies practically channel to design based enterprise through continuous innovation of merchandises, production, management, organization, image, and etc. by design. It is same with the nation and the city. England, Japan, and USA all put a premium on design. Also rising nations are trying to control the world market through design innovation. Many cities develops symbol, revitalize underdeveloped areas, change the life of citizens, and nurturing art, contents as well as tourist by various design projects. In that Designomics of Seoul function as a principal strategy to overcome the recession by getting over the limit and at the same time building growth power of the future. To the current Seoul with the level of urban infrastructure in 10 thousand dollars in spite of the national income close to 20 thousand dollars, the recession can be the chance. Utilizing the recession, Seoul can channel to sustainably growing city by promoting the various design management improving the urban infrastructure and creating the brand and image of Seoul. Without the effort, Seoul will pay dear for the deteriorated urban environment. In that point, Designomics of Seoul is not an extravagant project wasting the taxes, but a project securing sustainable growth potentiality overcoming the worldwide recession.

불황극복의 전략

라도삼(Do-Sam La),백선혜(Seonhae Baik),정수인(Suin Jeong) 서울연구원 2009 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

2030 서울 문화플랜 수립을 위한 기본 구상

라도삼(Do-Sam La),백선혜(Seon-Hae Baik),이정현(Jung-Hyun Lee) 서울연구원 2014 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

The purpose of this study is to establish the direction of Seoul Metropolitan Government’s (SMG) next cultural plan. With SMG’s first cultural master plan “Vision 2015, Culture City Seoul” nearing its year of completion, a new master plan is needed to replace it. In 2013, therefore, the Mayor of Seoul commissioned a new comprehensive cultural master plan to look forward into the future. SMG thus formed a working committee within the existing “Committee for Culture City Policy” to determine Seoul’s future direction. With the objective of finding agendas to be incorporate into the new cultural master plan, Seoul Institute has carried out research to anticipate future cultural changes and to assess the current state of Seoul’s cultural conditions, cultural policy and cultural trends. The study’s main findings show that the world is changing around citizens’ happiness and caring communities. The global environmental crisis, advances in IT technologies, and the fierce competition among mega-cities have increased people’s desire to live in attractive cities, to be surrounded by caring people, and to be close to nature. However, despite attaining a higher economic standing, the daily lives of citizens are filled with anxiety due to the effects of social polarization, segregation, and discord arising from a rapidly aging and multi-cultural society, increasing single person household and a rising unemployment rate. In this context, an important agenda is to allow people to live caring lives, where people can lean and depend on each other, and which is filled with a sense of togetherness. At the same time, with a greater understanding of culture due to increased cultural infrastructure and exposure, people’s approach to art is changing from being an audience to wanting to be active participants. Therefore, the key value and direction lies in creating ‘a life centered on citizens’ and encouraging ‘a culture where the citizen is the main agent’. The direction of plan lies in creating a city of ‘togetherness’ and a culture which allows citizens to realize their individual values. As important as the objectives of the plan is, it is necessary for the planning process to incorporate the citizen at its center. In other words, the heart of the plan lies in allowing the citizens to design their lives and dreams on their own. Consequently, the study’s important conclusion is to create ‘a citizen-centered plan’. More specifically, the study proposes △ the formation of “a Committee for Culture City Planning” composed of citizens and experts, and △ the creation of a system composed of citizens, artists, local experts to find and collect agendas. Thus the conclusion and direction of 2030 Seoul Culture Plan is in placing the ‘citizen’ as its goal and establishing a ‘citizen-centered’ plan.

예술을 통한 지역만들기 방안 연구

백선혜 ( Seon Hae Baik ),라도삼 ( Do Sam La ),노민택 ( Min Taek Noh ) 서울시정개발연구원 2008 연구보고서 Vol.2008 No.53

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have brought about a side effect which is the aggravation of life environment and dismantling of local community. The destruction of local community causes an individual`s sense of alienation and exhaust spontaneity and creativity being an obstruction to the real development of society. Regarding this, there are a lot of ``making a region`` strategies being promoted in different ways to retrieve local community and to pursue a better life environment. Expecially in the twenty-first century which we call the era of cultures, there are various ways of access to the ``making a region`` projects through the arts. With a background like this, the goal of this study is to investigate different cases that the arts contribute to the formation of community getting more important nowadays and the process of the ``making a region`` projects and to grope for ``a model and a way of making a region project through the arts`` which is suitable for Seoul City. Investigating documents, interviewing with experts, field investigation and in-depth researches were carried out for this. In our country, the projects of ``making a region`` through the arts have been proceeded in earnest since 2005 and the projects can be divided into three types which are the community arts type, making a village type and arts village type. ``Community arts type`` is the one that can be seen most easily in our country. It chooses to start from the community arts project under the lead of administration to widening the participation of residents. ``Making a village type`` starts from voluntary wills by local residents to that the organization of sessions like residents arts groups which are suitable for the taste and condition of residents are the power of participation of residents. ``Arts village type`` is the one that is formed while artists locate in regions such as expected redevelopment areas with low rent abundant space to use proceeding arts activities. As a result of this study, the model of ``making a region`` projects through arts suitable for Seoul City is estimated to be possible when the proper support by administration is combined with making a village type or when administrative intervention is minimized in community arts type. Moreover, different regions have different conditions and characteristics, so a proper backup system is needed according to the characteristics and advanced stages of regions. To actualize projects of ``making a region through the arts`` suitable for Seoul City, this study proposes a political recommendation both in cultivating human resources and building support system. First in aspects of cultivating human resources, it is necessary to excavate and cultivate region arts groups, support an assembly of region arts groups and space to announce and provide experiencing programs. Various programs are also needed for formation of leaders(leader groups) and construction of reproduction systems. In aspects of building support systems, it is needed to improve the valuation system where it can access to ``making a region`` projects with a series of projects and where valuation and feedback are reflected. Moreover, regions where ``making a region`` activities through arts are actively promoted should be designated to the culture village or the culture neighborhood. And it is also needed to build backup systems of experts or programs, for example, build an experts bank for ``making a region`` where the activities can be proceeded and a programs bank, with the support of Seoul City.

서울 도시디자인 전략 연구

백선혜(Seonhae Baik),라도삼(Do-Sam La),여혜진(Haejin Yeo),노민택 서울연구원 2008 서울연구원 전략연구보고서 Vol.- No.-

서울시 체육시설의 효율적 공급 및 활용방안

노은이 ( Eun Yee Noh ),라도삼 ( Do Sam La ),정수인 ( Su In Jung ) 서울시정개발연구원 2009 연구보고서 Vol.2009 No.34

As the needs for health, wellbeing, quality of life increase due to the increase of spare time, the improvement in income level, the change of value, the concern and participation rate for the physical activities of the citizens in Seoul constantly have increased. The increasing demand for physical activities requires the expansion of space of facilities for participation. The supply and use of sport facilities depends on consideration of fairness for accessibility to sport services and differentiation in strategy for physical facilities based on the characteristics of community. In order to establish supply policies of sport facilities, research on distribution conditions of the current sport facilities and spatial inequality and supply and demand of community is need. Through analyzing the behavior of participation in physical activities and the needs of the citizens of Seoul and differences in the current supply situations of the sport facilities, the present condition of physical facilities can be found, and based on this, efficient supply system and action plan for the sport facilities in Seoul can be suggested. Therefore, in this study, as a response to changed sport environments and a preliminary step of sport policies for qualitative and quantitative consideration on sport services, the current conditions for the supply of sport facilities are analyzed and efficient supply system and action plan for the sport facilities are suggested. In this study, the sport facilities are categorized into public sport facilities, quasi sport facilities such as community centers or youth centers, and private sport facilities. Public sport facilities of Seoul are placed and managed by Sport Promotion Division, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, and Green Seoul Bureau. Quasi sport facilities are placed and managed by several divisions such as Health & Welfare Bureau of Seoul, Woman & Family Policy Affairs, Administration Bureau, and Cultural Affair Bureau. However, each organization has different tasks and budget support and is managed by different administrative organizations, so it is difficult to supply and manage sport facilities. In addition, because sport facilities are supplied by several organizations, sport facilities are not provided to regions in need and are unequally supplied according to the financial condition of regions, which shows a large gap. To examine the sport facilities closely, compared with 4,214 of public sport facilities, quasi sport facilities in Seoul including local sport facilities, private sport facilities are 10,492 which are more than two times. Yet, public sport facilities and private sport facilities show competitive relations rather than complementary. The results of research on sport facility usage of the citizens of Seoul in 2008 show that the response rate for sport facility in use located near their homes is low, and the most frequently used facilities are mainly outdoor facilities such as parks, the riverside of Han River, school grounds, and hiking trails, which their accessibility is within 10 minutes. As the reasons for not participating in sport activities are busy and lazy which are the most frequently responded answers, the main reason of non participation in sport activities is the will of participants rather than the lack of space or facilities. However, the response about needs to participate in sport activities is space expansion and openness which show the highest response rate, so it is important to expand and open sport facilities for the citizens with the will to participate in sport activities. In order to solve the problem of supply and demand for sport facilities in Seoul, Seoul needs to establish supply policies of sport facilities to provide it efficiently. First, as control policies for supply which is made by each organization, the classification of program, space size, and the number of facilities need to be found, and sport facilities should be provided appropriately by strengthening competence for existing facilities and considering geographical characteristics. Second, based on the characteristics of each facility in the community, installation criteria, building criteria, and efficient management criteria need to be prepared within the range to lead the maximum participation in sports for local residents. Third, a key sport facility needs to be appointed in order to prevent from repetitive supply of programs and facilities and to provide effective sports related services for efficient management in the community. Fourth, due to the site limitation for the sport facilities, Seoul needs to improve accessibility of sport facilities to promote participation in sports by making alliances with private sport facilities. To introduce the plan, the selection criteria for private enterprises and the institutional reviews need to be made thoroughly.

예술을 통한 지역만들기 방안 연구

백선혜(Seonhae Baik),라도삼(Do-Sam La),노민택(Min Taek Noh),김은희,신효진,이무용,진종헌 서울연구원 2008 서울연구원 정책과제연구보고서 Vol.- No.-