신생아 집중치료를 받은 극소저출생체중아 치료성적의 시기에 따른 변화

김성신,김문희,심재원,고선영,이은경,장윤실,강이석,박원순,이문향,이상일,이흥재,Kim, Shung Shin,Kim, Moon Hee,Shin, Jae Won,Ko, Sun Young,Lee, Eun Kyung,Chang, Yun Sil,Kang, I Seok,Park, Won Soon,Lee, Mun Hyang,Lee, Sang Il,Lee, Heung J 대한소아청소년과학회 2002 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.45 No.7

목 적: 출생 체중 1,500 그램 미만의 극소저출생체중아(very low birth weight infant, VLBWI)의 치료성적은 신생아 집중치료술 향상여부를 모니터 하는 주요한 지표로 이용되고 있다. 이에 본 연구자들은 개원이래 최근 7년간 삼성서울병원 신생아 중환자실의 VLBWI 치료성적의 변화양상을 기간별로 관찰 분석하였다. 방 법: 1994년 10월부터 2000년 12월까지 삼성서울병원 신생아 중환자실로 생후 3일 이내 입원한 VLBWI 374명을 대상으로 기간을 나누어(I기 : 이미 성적이 보고된 1994. 10-1996. 9, II기 : 1996. 10-1998. 12, III기 : 1999. 1-2000. 12) 각 기별, 출생체중별, 재태기간별, VLBWI의 발생빈도와 생존율, 유병률 및 생존기간 등에 관해 의무기록지를 통한 후향적조사를 실시하였다. 생존율은(생존아/총출생 VLBWI)${\times}100$으 로 산출하였고 생존아는 신생아 중환자실에서 생존하여 퇴원한 경우로 정의하였다. 결 과 : VLBWI의 발생빈도는 기간별로 차이가 없었고(I기 : 1.3%, II기 : 1.5%, III기 : 1.4%), 생존율은 III기에 의미 있게 향상되었다. 출생체중별 생존율에서 III기에서 750 gm 미만군(vs II기)과, 1,250-1,499 gm 군(vs I기)의 향상이, 1,000-1,249 gm 군에서는 II기(vs I기)의 향상이 의미 있었고 최저출생 생존아는 I기 624 gm($26^{+5}$주), II기 667 gm($25^{+6}$주), III기 480 gm($26^{+2}$주)였다. 재태기간별 생존율에서 III기의 25-26주군과 29-30군이 I, II기에 비해 의미 있게 향상되었고 최저출생 재태기간의 생존례는 I기 26주(970 gm), II기 $23^{+5}$주(791 gm), III기 $24^{+1}$주(740 gm)였다. VLBWI의 주요 유병률 중 III도 이상의 심한 뇌실 내 출혈의 빈도가 III기 5%로 I기 13%, II기 10.5%에 비해 의미 있게 감소되었고, 전체 사망 중 7일 이전 사망률이 III기(15.4%)에 I기(55.5%)에 비해 의의 있게 감소되었다. 결 론 : 최근 VLBWI의 생존율이 주요 유병률의 증가 없이 현저히 향상되었고, 특히 26주 이하, 750 gm 미만의 초극소미숙아의 생존율 향상이 두드러졌다. Purpose : The outcomes of infants weighing less than 1,500 gm(very low birth weight infant : VLBWI) reflect recent progress in neonatal intensive care. In this study, we analyzed changes over time in survival rate and morbidity of VLBWIs during the past seven years. Methods : A retrospective review of medical records was analyzed for VLBWIs admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Samsung Medical Center within three days from birth. We compared the outcomes of previous corresponding data(period I : Oct. 1994 to Sept. 1996), with the outcomes of period II(Oct. 1996 to Dec. 1998) and period III(Jan. 1999 to Dec. 2000). Results : As shown in Tables 1 and 3, the distribution of birth weight, gestational age(GA), gender, and inborn admissions did not change during the 7-year study. The overall survival rate of VLBWI increased significantly over time(period I : 72% vs period III : 88.3%, P<0.05). Between period I and period II, the birth weight-specific survival rate increased by 23.6%(75% vs 92.7%, P<0.05) for infants 1,000 to 1,249 gm. Between period II and period III, the birth weight-specific survival rate increased three times(20% vs 66.7%, P<0.05) for infants <750 gm. The survivors of lowest birth weight included infants at 624 gm(GA : $26^{+5}$ weeks), 667 gm(GA : $25^{+6}$ weeks) and 480 gm(GA : $26^{+2}$ weeks) in each period. The gestational age-specific survival rate in period III increased significantly in GA 25-26 weeks and 29-30 weeks(vs period I & period II, P<0.05). The survivors of lowest gestational age included infants at GA 26 weeks(970 gm), GA $23^{+5}$ weeks(791 gm) and GA $24^{+1}$ weeks(740 gm) in each period. The incidence of severe IVH(grade III, IV) and the early death rate(< seven days) decreased in period III(vs period I; P<0.05), reflecting improvements in neonatal intensive care. Conclusion : The survival rate of VLBWI continues to increase, particularly for BW < 750 gm, GA < 26 weeks. This increase in survival is not associated by any increase in major morbidities.

Two NF-κB inhibitor-alpha (IκBα) genes from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus): Molecular characterization, genomic organization and mRNA expression analysis after immune stimulation

Lee, Y.,Umasuthan, N.,Whang, I.,Revathy, K.S.,Lee, S.,De Zoysa, M.,Oh, C.,Kang, D.H.,Noh, J.K.,Lee, J. Academic Press 2014 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.41 No.2

IκBα is a member of IκB family, which sequesters NF-κB in an inactivate form in the cytoplasm and blocks the translocation of NF-κB to nucleus. The IκBα paralogs of rock bream (OfIκBα-A and OfIκBα-B) encoded IκBα proteins with typical features including, highly conserved IκB degradation motif, six ankyrin repeats and a PEST sequence. However, their amino acid identity and similarity were only 55.6 and 69.7%, respectively suggesting that these two genes could be the two different isoforms of IκBα. The number and size of the exons of OfIκBα-A and OfIκBα-B were conserved well with all the compared vertebrate species, although they have significantly different genomic sizes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that OfIκBα-A and OfIκBα-B proteins cluster with IκBα family members; however, they were grouped with different subclades in IκBα family. Tissue specific expression of OfIκBα mRNA was constitutively detected in all the tested tissues, and they showed the higher transcription level in heart, liver, gill and peripheral blood cells, respectively. The injection of flagellin stimulated the mRNA expression of OfIκBα paralogs in head kidney and intestine. Moreover, the OfIκBα mRNA expression in gill and liver was significantly up-regulated by LPS, poly I:C and Edwardsiella tarda challenges. The transcription of OfIκBα was up-regulated in early-phase of injection and then rapidly restored. These results suggest that the OfIκBα paralogs might be involved in rapid immune responsive reactions in rock bream against bacterial and viral pathogens.

Analysis of Self-Heating Effects on vertical FET according to Shallow Trench Isolation

Myeong, I.,Son, D.,Kim, H.,Kang, M.,Shin, H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Solid-state electronics Vol.137 No.-

In this paper, Self-Heating Effect (SHE) according to depth of STI was analyzed and STI thickness optimization was performed in the plate-shaped vertical field effect transistor (VFET). In case of a VFET, the path of leakage current (I<SUB>off</SUB>) is different from that of a lateral FET (LFET). Asa result, I<SUB>off</SUB> of VFET is not influenced by STI depth. For this reason, the STI depth of the VFET is not needed as much as the depth needed to reduce I<SUB>off</SUB> in the LFET. Asa result, if the STI depth of the VFET is reduced from 100nm to 20nm, which is the drain region depth doped with Arsenic, thermal resistance (R<SUB>th</SUB>) is expected to be reduced by 32.19% and on current (I<SUB>on</SUB>) is expected to be increased by 1.54% without affecting the I<SUB>off</SUB> as compared with STI depth of 100nm in VFET.

Prognostic factors for classifying extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, as lymphoid neoplasia

Na, Im I.,Kang, Hye J.,Park, Yeon H.,Lee, Seung-Sook,Yoo, Hyung J.,Choe, Du H.,Ryoo, Baek-Yeol,Yang, Sung H. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2007 European journal of haematology Vol.79 No.1

<P>Abstract</P><P>This study evaluated the applicability of prognostic factors commonly used for diagnosis of classical lymphoma outcomes to extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (NTCL). Clinical features and their associations with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated in 70 patients. RLDH was defined as the ratio of LDH to the upper normal limit. RLDH was associated with stage (I–II vs. III–IV), lymph node involvement (LNI), and International Prognostic Index score (<2 vs. ≥2). Poor performance status and advanced stage were common in patients with local tumor invasiveness (LTI). LDH level, classified into three levels (low, high, and very high) was associated with survival (<I>P</I> < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the predictive values of LDH level, B symptom, performance status, and stage remained significant whereas those of LTI and LNI did not. Scoring was performed by weighting each factor with 0.5 or 1.0 according to its hazard ratio. Scores were classified into four groups. Groups with high scores were associated with unfavorable outcomes (<I>P</I> < 0.001). Current study suggests that prognostic factors for NHL may be useful to predict the outcome of NTCL but the model should take LDH level and the prognostic weight of each factor into account.</P>

한국에서의 소아기 원발성 심근증

천은정,강이석,배은정,이종균,길홍량,윤향석,김용욱,박희주,고재곤,노정일,이흥재 대한순환기학회 2000 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.30 No.5

TMAH-based wet surface pre-treatment for reduction of leakage current in AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMTs

Yoon, Y.J.,Seo, J.H.,Cho, M.S.,Kang, H.S.,Won, C.H.,Kang, I.M.,Lee, J.H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Solid-state electronics Vol.124 No.-

The pre-passivation surface treatment process with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)-based wet solution was proposed for the minimization of the leakage current (I<SUB>leak</SUB>) in AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs). This process step contributes to the simultaneous decrease of the surface current (I<SUB>surf</SUB>) in the active region of device and mesa-isolated region by removing the surface states and traps related to nitrogen (N) vacancy, Ga-oxide, and dangling bonds. Using the surface treatment, the fabricated device achieves a lower off-state current (I<SUB>off</SUB>) of ~10<SUP>-12</SUP>A/mm, a higher on/off current ratio (I<SUB>on</SUB>/I<SUB>off</SUB>) of ~10<SUP>11</SUP>, a small subthreshold swing (SS) of 68.4mV/dec. The reduced I<SUB>leak</SUB> also improves breakdown voltage (BV). In addition, the interface trap density (D<SUB>it</SUB>) between the SiN layer and the AlGaN surface was extracted to evaluate the quality of the SiN/GaN interface, which showed that the treatment decreases the D<SUB>it</SUB> with reduction of the surface defects.

Topology optimization of planar linkage systems involving general joint types

Kang, S.W.,Kim, S.I.,Kim, Y.Y. Pergamon Press 2016 Mechanism and machine theory Vol.104 No.-

The simultaneous synthesis of the number and dimension of planar linkage mechanisms has opened a new possibility in mechanism synthesis. Mechanisms with revolute joints were a main concern so far but planar mechanisms with general joints including prismatic joints cannot be synthesized. This study aims to overcome the current difficult by proposing a new synthesis method. The key idea in the proposed approach is to parameterize joint types directly, unlike earlier methods parameterizing ground link skeletons connected by revolute joints. So, we propose a new concept of ''double-springs'' that can be used to connect a finite number of ground rectangular rigid blocks that discretize a given synthesis domain. Rigid blocks are elaborately connected by two sets of one-dimensional springs, i.e., double-springs and their stiffness values are varied by design variables. The connectivity of the double-springs dictated by the stiffness values determines the synthesized link mechanisms. We explain why it is crucial to use the double-spring concept for the synthesis of general joints such as prismatic joints. Various benchmark problems were considered to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.

PHA로 활성된 단핵세포에 의한 제대혈 CD34+ 세포에서 원시 혈관내피세포의 유도

강형진,김성천,김영주,김철우,김중건,안효섭,박상익,정명호,최범채,김규찬 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

Rapid and specific identification of Brucella abortus using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay

Kang, S.I.,Her, M.,Kim, J.Y.,Lee, J.J.,Lee, K.,Sung, S.R.,Jung, S.C. Pergamon Press 2015 Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectiou Vol.40 No.-

A rapid and accurate diagnosis of brucellosis is required to reduce and prevent the spread of disease among animals and the risk of transfer to humans. In this study, a Brucella abortus-specific (Ba) LAMP assay was developed, that had six primers designed from the BruAb2_0168 region of chromosome I. The specificity of this LAMP assay was confirmed with Brucella reference strains, B. abortus vaccine strains, B. abortus isolates and phylogenetically or serologically related strains. The detection limit of target DNA was up to 20fg/μl within 60min. The sensitivity of the new LAMP assay was equal to or slightly higher than other PCR based assays. Moreover, this Ba-LAMP assay could specifically amplify all B. abortus biovars compared to previous PCR assays. To our knowledge, this is the first report of specific detection of B. abortus using a LAMP assay. The Ba-LAMP assay can offer a rapid, sensitive and accurate diagnosis of bovine brucellosis in the field.

Thermal effects on nonlinear vibration of a carbon nanotube-based mass sensor using finite element analysis

Kang, D.K.,Kim, C.W.,Yang, H.I. North-Holland 2017 Physica E, Low-dimensional systems & nanostructure Vol.85 No.-

In the present study we carried out a dynamic analysis of a CNT-based mass sensor by using a finite element method (FEM)-based nonlinear analysis model of the CNT resonator to elucidate the combined effects of thermal effects and nonlinear oscillation behavior upon the overall mass detection sensitivity. Mass sensors using carbon nanotube (CNT) resonators provide very high sensing performance. Because CNT-based resonators can have high aspect ratios, they can easily exhibit nonlinear oscillation behavior due to large displacements. Also, CNT-based devices may experience high temperatures during their manufacture and operation. These geometrical nonlinearities and temperature changes affect the sensing performance of CNT-based mass sensors. However, it is very hard to find previous literature addressing the detection sensitivity of CNT-based mass sensors including considerations of both these nonlinear behaviors and thermal effects. We modeled the nonlinear equation of motion by using the von Karman nonlinear strain-displacement relation, taking into account the additional axial force associated with the thermal effect. The FEM was employed to solve the nonlinear equation of motion because it can effortlessly handle the more complex geometries and boundary conditions. A doubly clamped CNT resonator actuated by distributed electrostatic force was the configuration subjected to the numerical experiments. Thermal effects upon the fundamental resonance behavior and the shift of resonance frequency due to attached mass, i.e., the mass detection sensitivity, were examined in environments of both high and low (or room) temperature. The fundamental resonance frequency increased with decreasing temperature in the high temperature environment, and increased with increasing temperature in the low temperature environment. The magnitude of the shift in resonance frequency caused by an attached mass represents the sensing performance of a mass sensor, i.e., its mass detection sensitivity, and it can be seen that this shift is affected by the temperature change and the amount of electrostatic force. The thermal effects on the mass detection sensitivity are intensified in the linear oscillation regime and increase with increasing CNT length; this intensification can either improve or worsen the detection sensitivity.