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Physical properties and chemical composition of the cores in the California molecular cloud
Zhang, Guo-Yin,Xu, Jin-Long,Vasyunin, A. I.,Semenov, D. A.,Wang, Jun-Jie,Dib, Sami,Liu, Tie,Liu, Sheng-Yuan,Zhang, Chuan-Peng,Liu, Xiao-Lan,Wang, Ke,Li, Di,Wu, Zhong-Zu,Yuan, Jing-Hua,Li, Da-Lei,Gao, Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.620 No.-
<P><I>Aims.</I> We aim to reveal the physical properties and chemical composition of the cores in the California molecular cloud (CMC), so as to better understand the initial conditions of star formation.</P><P><I>Methods.</I> We made a high-resolution column density map (18.2′′) with <I>Herschel</I> data, and extracted a complete sample of the cores in the CMC with the fellwalker algorithm. We performed new single-pointing observations of molecular lines near 90 GHz with the IRAM 30m telescope along the main filament of the CMC. In addition, we also performed a numerical modeling of chemical evolution for the cores under the physical conditions.</P><P><I>Results.</I> We extracted 300 cores, of which 33 are protostellar and 267 are starless cores. About 51% (137 of 267) of the starless cores are prestellar cores. Three cores have the potential to evolve into high-mass stars. The prestellar core mass function (CMF) can be well fit by a log-normal form. The high-mass end of the prestellar CMF shows a power-law form with an index <I>α</I> = −0.9 ± 0.1 that is shallower than that of the Galactic field stellar mass function. Combining the mass transformation efficiency (<I>ε</I>) from the prestellar core to the star of 15 ± 1% and the core formation efficiency (CFE) of 5.5%, we suggest an overall star formation efficiency of about 1% in the CMC. In the single-pointing observations with the IRAM 30m telescope, we find that 6 cores show blue-skewed profile, while 4 cores show red-skewed profile. [HCO<SUP>+</SUP>]/[HNC] and [HCO<SUP>+</SUP>]/[N2H<SUP>+</SUP>] in protostellar cores are higher than those in prestellar cores; this can be used as chemical clocks. The best-fit chemical age of the cores with line observations is ~5 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> yr.</P>
Zhao, K.J.,Nagashima, Y.,Li, F.M.,Shi, Yuejiang,Diamond, P.H.,Dong, J.Q.,Itoh, K.,Itoh, S.-I.,Zhuang, G.,Liu, H.,Chen, Z.P.,Cheng, J.,Nie, L.,Ding, Y.H.,Hu, Q.M.,Chen, Z.Y.,Rao, B.,Cheng, Z.F.,Gao, L. IOP 2017 Nuclear fusion Vol.57 No.12
<P>The temporal-spatial structures of plasma flows and turbulence around tearing mode islands are presented. The experiments were performed using Langmuir probe arrays in the edge plasmas of J-TEXT tokamak. The correlation analyses clearly show that the flows have similar structures of <I>m</I>/<I>n</I> = 3/1 as the magnetic island does (<I>m</I> and <I>n</I> are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively). The sign of the potential fluctuations for the flows inverses and the powers significantly reduce at <I>q</I> = 3 surface. Approaching to the last closed flux surface for the magnetic islands, the radially elongated flow structure forms. The flows are concentrated near separatrix and show quadrupole structures. The turbulence is concentrated near X-point and partly trapped inside the magnetic islands.</P>
Liu, Tie,Kim, Kee-Tae,Juvela, Mika,Wang, Ke,Tatematsu, Ken’ichi,Francesco, James Di,Liu, Sheng-Yuan,Wu, Yuefang,Thompson, Mark,Fuller, Gary,Eden, David,Li, Di,Ristorcelli, I.,Kang, Sung-ju,Lin, Yuxin Published by the University of Chicago Press for t 2018 The Astrophysical journal Supplement series Vol.234 No.2
<P>The low dust temperatures (< 14 K) of Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) make them ideal targets to probe the initial conditions and very early phase of star formation. 'TOP-SCOPE' is a joint survey program targeting similar to 2000 PGCCs in J = 1-0 transitions of CO isotopologues and similar to 1000 PGCCs in 850 mu m continuum emission. The objective of the 'TOP-SCOPE' survey and the joint surveys (SMT 10 m, KVN 21 m, and NRO 45 m) is to statistically study the initial conditions occurring during star formation and the evolution of molecular clouds, across a wide range of environments. The observations, data analysis, and example science cases for these surveys are introduced with an exemplar source, PGCC G26.53+0.17 (G26), which is a filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC). The total mass, length, and mean line mass (M/L) of the G26 filament are similar to 6200 M-circle dot, similar to 12 pc, and similar to 500 M-circle dot pc(-1), respectively. Ten massive clumps, including eight starless ones, are found along the filament. The most massive clump as a whole may still be in global collapse, while its denser part seems to be undergoing expansion owing to outflow feedback. The fragmentation in the G26 filament from cloud scale to clump scale is in agreement with gravitational fragmentation of an isothermal, nonmagnetized, and turbulent supported cylinder. A bimodal behavior in dust emissivity spectral index (beta) distribution is found in G26, suggesting grain growth along the filament. The G26 filament may be formed owing to large-scale compression flows evidenced by the temperature and velocity gradients across its natal cloud.</P>
Establishment of a Tm-shi Method for Detection of Cat-Derived Hookworms
Yeqi Fu,Yunqiu Liu,Asmaa M.I. Abuzeid,Yue Huang,Xue Zhou,Long He,Qi Zhao,Xiu Li,Jumei Liu,Rongkun Ran,Guoqing Li 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.1
Melting temperature shift (Tm-shift) is a new detection method that analyze the melting curve on real-time PCR thermocycler using SYBR Green I fluorescent dye. To establish a Tm-shift method for the detection of Ancylostoma ceyl- anicum and A. tubaeforme in cats, specific primers, with GC tail of unequal length attached to their 5 ́ end, were designed based on 2 SNP loci (ITS101 and ITS296) of the internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) sequences. The standard curve of Tm-shift was established using the standard plasmids of A. ceylanicum (AceP) and A. tubaeforme (AtuP). The Tm-shift method stability, sensitivity, and accuracy were tested with reference to the standard curve, and clinical fecal samples were also examined. The results demonstrated that the 2 sets of primers based on the 2 SNPs could accurately distin- guish between A. ceylanicum and A. tubaeforme. The coefficient of variation (CV) of Tm- values of AceP and AtuP was 0.07% and 0.06% in ITS101 and was 0.06% and 0.08% in ITS296, respectively. The minimum detectable DNA concen- tration was 5.22×10-6 and 5.28×10-6 ng/μl samples of AceP and AtuP, respectively. The accuracy of Tm-shift method reached 100% based on examination of 10 hookworm DNA samples with known species. In the clinical detection of hookworm in 69 stray cat fecal sample, the Tm-shift detection results were consistent with the microscopic examination and successfully differentiated between the 2-hookworm species. In conclusion, the developed method is a rapid, sensi- tive and accurate technique and can provide a promising tool for clinical detection and epidemiological investigation of cat-derived hookworms.
Enhancement of Learning and Memory by Elevating Brain Magnesium
Slutsky, I.,Abumaria, N.,Wu, L.J.,Huang, C.,Zhang, L.,Li, B.,Zhao, X.,Govindarajan, A.,Zhao, M.G.,Zhuo, M.,Tonegawa, S.,Liu, G. Cell Press 2010 Neuron Vol.65 No.2
Learning and memory are fundamental brain functions affected by dietary and environmental factors. Here, we show that increasing brain magnesium using a newly developed magnesium compound (magnesium-L-threonate, MgT) leads to the enhancement of learning abilities, working memory, and short- and long-term memory in rats. The pattern completion ability was also improved in aged rats. MgT-treated rats had higher density of synaptophysin-/synaptobrevin-positive puncta in DG and CA1 subregions of hippocampus that were correlated with memory improvement. Functionally, magnesium increased the number of functional presynaptic release sites, while it reduced their release probability. The resultant synaptic reconfiguration enabled selective enhancement of synaptic transmission for burst inputs. Coupled with concurrent upregulation of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors and its downstream signaling, synaptic plasticity induced by correlated inputs was enhanced. Our findings suggest that an increase in brain magnesium enhances both short-term synaptic facilitation and long-term potentiation and improves learning and memory functions.
Jianyao Li,Fang Liu,Jose I. Rojas-Mendez 서울대학교 교육연구소 2013 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.14 No.3
Previous research studies identified country image as an important variable in international students’ selection of onshore programs, and it is often perceived that there is little difference between onshore and offshore program selection. Looking at a sample of high school students in China and their selections of offshore programs (from a sample program in Australia, the UK, and the US), this study reveals an insignificant influence of country image. Instead, both higher education country image and the local partner institution image significantly influence the students’ selections. The findings also indicate that the effects of attitude toward behavior, subject norm, and perceived behavioral control appear to be more significant than those of the images in most of the analyses. Implications for international educators and marketers of offshore programs are discussed.
Tianqi Liu,Chukwunonso O. Aniagor,Marcel I. Ejimofor,Matthew C. Menkiti,Yakubu M. Wakawa,Jie Li,Rachid Ait Akbour,Pow-Seng Yap,Sie Yon Lau,Jaison Jeevanandam 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.117 No.-
Recently, there is an increasing concern on dye contamination in the aquatic environment. Elimination ofdye contaminants has gained significant attention among researchers due to their potential deleteriousrisk to human health and the ecosystem. Among the treatment technologies for dye removal from thewater system, the utilization of modified graphene oxide as an adsorbent has garnered increasingresearch interest due to its superior dye adsorption capacity. Hence, this review aims to comprehensivelypresent the classifications and hazards of dyes, types of preparation methods for modified graphene oxideand recent developments in the employment of modified graphene oxide to adsorb dyes from water. Additionally, the primary objective of this review is to emphasize on adsorption performances of modifiedgraphene oxide for dye removal in an aqueous medium, specifically focusing on the adsorption kinetics,adsorption isotherms and the effect of experimental parameters. Furthermore, the pertinentchallenges, tremendous opportunities and the future outlook of modified graphene oxide to be employedas a potential aqueous dye adsorbent were also discussed.
Wen-Yue Liu,Xiaofang Zhang,Gang Li,Liang-Jie Tang,Pei-Wu Zhu,Rafael S. Rios,Kenneth I. Zheng,Hong-Lei Ma,Xiao-Dong Wang,Qiuwei Pan,Robert J. de Knegt,Luca Valenti,Mohsen Ghanbari,Ming-Hua Zheng 대한간학회 2022 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.28 No.2
Background/Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic dysfunction. Among the multiple factors, genetic variation acts as important modifiers. Klotho, an enzyme encoded by the klotho (KL) gene in human, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunctions. However, the impact of variants in KL on NAFLD risk remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of KL rs495392 C>A polymorphism on the histological severity of NAFLD. Methods: We evaluated the impact of the KL rs495392 polymorphism on liver histology in 531 Chinese with NAFLD and replicated that in the population-based Rotterdam Study cohort. The interactions between the rs495392, vitamin D, and patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 polymorphism were also analyzed. Results: Carriage of the rs495392 A allele had a protective effect on steatosis severity (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42–0.89; P=0.010) in Chinese patients. After adjustment for potential confounders, the A allele remained significant with a protective effect (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45–0.98; P=0.040). The effect on hepatic steatosis was confirmed in the Rotterdam Study cohort. Additional analysis showed the association between serum vitamin D levels and NAFLD specifically in rs495392 A allele carriers, but not in non-carriers. Moreover, we found that the rs495392 A allele attenuated the detrimental impact of PNPLA3 rs738409 G allele on the risk of severe hepatic steatosis. Conclusions: The KL rs495392 polymorphism has a protective effect against hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD.
Cranioplasty with Custom-made Artificial Bone after Resection of Multilobular Bone Tumor in a Dog
최성진,Muneki Honnami,I-Li Liu,Kenichi Yamamoto,Shinsuke Ohba,Ryosuke Echigo,Shigeki Suzuki,Ryouhei Nishimura,Ung-il Chung,Nobuo Sasaki,Manabu Mochizuki 한국임상수의학회 2014 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.31 No.1
A 7-year-old spayed female Welsh corgi presented with a mass of the skull. The mass was diagnosed asmultilobular bone tumor and surgically removed. To treat a large bone defect after the tumor removal, custom-madeartificial bone fabricated by a 3-dimensional ink-jet printer was implanted in the defect. Follow-up computed tomographyevaluation was performed for 4.3 years. The implant was well integrated with the skull and had covered the largebone defect during the follow-up period. Gradual degradation of the implant began 6 weeks after surgery. It providesan additional option for the treatment of large bone defect.