詩經正變設考

金時俊 서울대학교 동아문화연구소 1979 東亞文化 Vol.16 No.-

It was written at the Mao Shi prefaces (毛詩序) that Shi Jing was divided into two groups; the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem. According to this, many scholars published various assertions on how to distinguish the Zheng Poem from the Bian Poem in Shi Jing. Conseguently, these assertions were classified into four sorts. 1) Classification by the chronological order according to the political rise and fall 2) Distinction between eulogy and satire 3) Distinction the Poem which was accompanied by music from the poem which was not accompanied by it, 4) Classification by the style of the poem My study on each assertion leads to the following conclusion: 1) Although those scholars who made the first assertion defined that Shi Jing was published by the chronological order and they distinguished the Zheng Poem from the Bian poem by the table of contents, it is proved that Shi Jing was not published by the chronological order. 2) Those scholars who made the second assertion concluded that Shi-Jing was distinguished between eulogy and satiry at every prologue in Mao Shi and that the Zheng poem and the Bian Poem could be divided into eulogy or satire accordingly. But it is proved herein that the distinction eulogy from satire in Mao Shi prefaces was possible by the country and chronology without the definite standard even though the contents of the poem were the same. 3) Those scholars who made the third assertion divided Shi Jing into two parts. One that was accompanied by music was called the Zheng Poem and the other that was accompanied by music was called the Bian Poem. But it is proved that all of Shi Jing were accompanied by music 4) Those who made the fourth assertion distinguished between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem by the style of the Poem. But looking into the style, it is proved that the distinction between the Zheng Poem and the Bian Poem is the style itself. Thus, the above classifications seem to be unreasonable so far. Then, why did these assertions come to rise? These assertions were due to the Han scholars who regarded the poem as a remonstration. They attempted to classify the Zheng Poem as the poem of admonition and the Bian poem as that of warning. But they did not succeed in it.

Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps Sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells

Kuo, Yuh-Chi,Wu, Chia-Lin,Tasi, Wei-Jern,Wang, Jir-Yenn,Chang, Shi-Chung,Lin, Ching-Yuang,Shiao, Ming-Shi 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1

Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang₃,Ching-Yung Lin⁴,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Yuh-Chi Kuo¹,Chia-Lin Wn¹,Wei-jern Tasi¹,Jir-Yenn Wang²,Shi-Chung Chang²,Ching-Yung Lin³,and Ming-Shi Shiao⁴.¹National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, ²Department of Biology,Fu Jen University, ³Department of Chest, ⁴Department of Pediatrics, □De[art,amt of Medical Research and Education. Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Blocking of Cell Proliferation, Cytokines Production and Genes Expression Following Administration of Cordyceps sinensis in the Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids Cells. Proceedings of international Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 44-64, 1999.-Cordyceps sinensis is a major parasitic fungus on larva of Lepidoptera. It is one of the well know fungi used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment asthma, lung and kideney diseases. Many fungi belonging to the genus Cordyceps have been demonstrated to produce natural products with various biological activities. Reported biological activities of genus cordyceps include:(a)inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis;(b)enhancement of cell differentiation;(c)restruction of cytoskeleton;(d)inhibition of protein kinase activity;(e)antitumor activity on bladder, colon, lung carcinoma as well as fibroblastoma;(f)inhibition of the infection and revers transciptase activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1; and(g) inhibition of methylation of nucleic acid. Thus, it is suggested that the extracts of Cordyceps sp. Contain antitumor, antiviral, and many other biological activities. In our previous studies, we proved that C. sinensis contains the antitumor and immunomodulatory agents. In the present studies, effects of C. sinensis on bronchoalveolar lavage fluids(BAL)cells were demonstrated. The crude methanolic extracts of C. sinensis were fractionated into 15 fractions by silica gel column chromatography. Effects of various fraction on BAL cells proliferation and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) stimulated interleukin-1β(IL-8),platelet activating factor(PAF), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-8(IL-8) production on BAL cells were determined. The result indicated that the CS-19-22 fraction suppressed BAL cells proliferation activated by LPS. The median inhibitory concentration(IC50) was 6㎍/ml. The CS-19-22 fraction also decreased IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-αand IL-8 production.The results of revers transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) demonstrated that the CS-19-22 fraction did not affect IL-1β,PAF,IL-6, TNF-α,and IL-8 mRNAs expression in BAL cells activated by LPS. By contrast, it inhibited the IL-10 mRNA expression but enhanced IFN-γand IL-12 mRNAs expression in activated BAL cells. Moreover, the CS-19-22 fraction blocked PAF-induced platelet aggregation. It is unlikely that cytotoxicity was involved. Because no cell deths were observable. We hypothesize that inhibitory mechanisms of CS-19-22 on BAL cells proliferation may be related to the impairments of gene expression and production of cytokines in BAL cells. The explanation of C. sinensis antiasthma function may involved the following(1)C.sinenesis contained immunomodulatory agents that stimulated IFN-γand IL-12 expression in TH1cells.(2)Enhanced secretion of IFN-γand IL-12 will inhibit the Tγcells immune responses Ex. Decreasing of IL-6 and IL-10 production.(3) The impairments of cytokines production in TH2 cells suppressed th BAL cells proliferation then more cytokines production Ex.IL-1β,PAF,IL-6,TNF-αand IL-8 in activated BAL cells were decreased. (4)The suppression of TH2cells immune responses will inhibit the growth and differentiation of B cells then IgE production will be decreased. (5)Reduced production of IgE will decreased asthma attack occurring in individuals. However, the results of the present study suggested that C. sinensis may also have acted to treat asthma in part by inhibiting BAL cells proliferation and cytokine gene expression and production. Future, experiments with treatment of animals with asthma with C. sinensis will be necessary to defined whether C. sinensis can reduce asthma injury. Plans are underway for the isolation of pure principal growth inhibitors and their mechanisms of action are subjected for further study.

Hot Deformation Characteristics and Processing Map Analysis of Pre-Forged AZ80 Magnesium Alloy

Shi‑quan Huang,Ming Lu,Sheng‑lan Luo,Hai‑lin He,You‑ping Yi 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.5

The hot deformation behavior of pre-forged AZ80 magnesium alloy is investigated by the isothermal compression tests attemperatures of 523–683 K and strain rates of 0.0001–0.1 s−1, and analyzed by the processing maps for guiding isothermaldie forging. Flow localization and even cracking occurs at low temperatures and high strain rates, where shear deformationdegree shows a positive correlation with the ��( ̇�� ) value. Two stability regions with high efficiency is found out by theprocessing maps. At common stability region with high temperatures and low strain rates, peak power dissipation efficiencydoes not represent optimum deformation condition as reported in other materials. A Z parameter criterion is introduced forparameters optimization. javascript:void(0); a new stability domain of 523–590 K and 0.0001–0.01 s−1 is observed, which istypical for fine microstructure composed of equiaxed clean α-Mg grains and big particles both about 1 μm (573 K/0.01 s−1).Super plasticity is speculated to occur at that condition.

Study on Marketing Policy of Beijing’s Incentive Tourism Promotion

Shi,Mei-Yu 동북아관광학회 2011 동북아관광연구 Vol.7 No.2

등속성 근력 측정기를 이용한슬관절 우력 곡선의 분석

이시욱,한태륜,방문석 大韓再活醫學會 2000 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.24 No.5

기술혁신정책집행에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

노시평 서경대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.22 No.1

추측과 반박을 통한 수학적 발견논리

류시규,김희정 동국대학교 교육연구원 2000 교육문제연구 Vol.15 No.-

For a long time the mathematical knowledge was understood as the group of the eternal truth, proved through the deductive inference of the absolute truth. Therefore, we regarded as all the mathematical prepositions as the absolute truth and any refutation or any presentation of objection was not necessary. Such point of view affected the mathematics education and caused the students to regard the mathematical knowledge as an informative one acquired from the accurate verification rather than from critical approach. Thus the mathematical knowledge were provided mechanically to the students in rather memory-oriented way, which, as a result, becomes one of the main reasons that the students regard the mathematics as an uninteresting and dull learning. In 20th century, however, lots of endeavors were made to improve such mathematics education. As one of the studies, more attention started to be paid to not only the informative aspect of mathematics but the methodological aspect and the importance of speculation. Affected by G. Polya, an mathematician who studied this matter and K. Popper who ever led the critical falsificationalism, Lakatos insisted that the mathematic education should provide the students with more opportunity to consequently get into more reasonable knowledge, rather than just a simplified calculation-oriented class or mechanical thinking, like the mathematics has been developed steadily all through long historical steps. Lakatos also argued that such improvement in inference capability can be accomplished through comparing the opinions by discussions with others and reaching more mutually reasonable point. And it will correspond to the pursuit of rationality, ultimate goal of mathematics education. In this paper, therefore, we would like to examine into the features of mathematical knowledge and its progressive process which Lakatos ever stated and then I would try to apply it to the models of mathematics class.

남북한 과학기술정책의 비교연구

노시평 朝鮮大學校 社會科學硏究所 2000 社會科學硏究 Vol.21 No.1

경기도 내 한강 이북지역의 나병의 역학적 상황과 나음성자 정착마을의 경제적실상

崔始龍 大韓癩學會 1986 癩學 會誌 Vol.19 No.1

우리 나라 自然洞窟의 現況과 利用에 關한 硏究

洪始煥,朴寬燮,任文淳,全順任 건국대학교 1978 學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

Our country has many limestone caves. There are about two hundred and thirty caves all over the country. Among them ninth percentages are limestone caves. We divide them into four classes as the limestone cove, lava cave erosion cave. We dlassify them with the component of formation for example, the limestone cave in the Karst region, the erosion cave in the seaside and the lava cave around the volcanic zone in Jeaioo Island. With geographical distribution, we could discover the limestone eave generally around the Gangwon Province, the Gyungsang Province the Chungcheung Province and the lava cave in Jea boo Province. The erosion caves are developed along the coast. With the geological period, we could discover the limestone cave mainly in the Cambro-Oldovisian Stage. We can see the anvient creature in the cave, not discovered at the surface, because the living things in the cave were late for the development. And the direction of the cave has connection with geological features. Mainly it agree with a fault plane. Generally Caves maintain the temperature from 14 degrees to 17 degrees. Thus, the fried temperature is a character of the cave. From old time, cave is made use for the place of the residence. Academic study for the cave began in earnest at the late 19th century. Comparaticely spealcing, we started studying only ten years ago. We used only cave for the place of refuse. And the cave is used for storehouse or the place in order to train the mind. Now we had to study to utilize the cave in our new period. For the temperature of the cave is fixed, we can use the cave for store. Now we had to study to utilize the cave in our new period. For the temperature of the cave is fixed, we can use the cave for storehouse of the crops or of the military goods. It is important for the cave to use for the military strategy. And it is possible to captivate the mushroom in the cave. Besides, we can use the pond of the cave for fish-breeding, as Japan is utilizing the cave for a fry-breeding. It is vary important to investigate the size or form of our many caves so as to serve the national safety.