Structural and Optical Properties of RF Magnetron Reactively Sputtered Ag2O Film

Xiao-Yong Gao,Jiao-Min Ma,Chao Chen,Meng-Ke Zhao,Jin-Hua Gu,Jing-Xiao Lu 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.5

A series of <111> oriented Ag2O films was deposited onto glass substrates by using RF magnetron reactive sputtering at different flow ratios (FRs) of oxygen to argon. The Ag2O film deposited at FR = 0.667 was the best <111> oriented film due to dual contributions from both lattice strain and film stress. The films’ transmissivity of over 70% in the near-infrared region indicated that Ag2O films are not suitable for applications as transparent conductive films in the visible region. Ag2O films deposited at FRs from 0.467 to 0.800 had optical band gaps ranging from 3.266 eV to 3.107 eV. The redshift in the films’ absorption edge may be attributed to the decrease in the lattice strain with increasing in FR. A series of <111> oriented Ag2O films was deposited onto glass substrates by using RF magnetron reactive sputtering at different flow ratios (FRs) of oxygen to argon. The Ag2O film deposited at FR = 0.667 was the best <111> oriented film due to dual contributions from both lattice strain and film stress. The films’ transmissivity of over 70% in the near-infrared region indicated that Ag2O films are not suitable for applications as transparent conductive films in the visible region. Ag2O films deposited at FRs from 0.467 to 0.800 had optical band gaps ranging from 3.266 eV to 3.107 eV. The redshift in the films’ absorption edge may be attributed to the decrease in the lattice strain with increasing in FR.

Effect of the Oxygen Flux Ratio on the Structural and the Optical Properties of Silver-oxide Films Deposited by Using the Direct-current Reactive Magnetron Sputtering Method

Xiao-Yong Gao,Hong-Liang Feng,Zeng-Yuan Zhang,Jiao-Min Ma,Meng-Ke Zhao,Chao Chen,Jin-Hua Gu,Shi-E Yang,Yong-Sheng Chen,Jing-Xiao Lu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.58 No.2

Using values of the oxygen flux ratio (OFR = [O2]/[Ar]) ranging from 0 to 0.5, authors deposited a series of silver-oxide (Ag_xO) films on glass substrates by direct-current reactive magnetron sputtering (DC sputtering) at a substrate temperature of 150 ℃. The effect of the OFR on the film’s structural and optical properties was systematically investigated by using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and spectrophotometry. The Ag_xO films deposited clearly show an evolution of the film’s phase structure from the biphased (Ag + Ag_2O) structure to the biphased (AgO + Ag_2O) structure and then to the single-phased (Ag_2O) structure as value of the OFR increases. Accordingly, the film’s surface morphology, related to the film’s crystalline structure, clearly changes from a loose and porous surface structure to a compact surface structure and then to a pyramid-like surface structure with increasing value of the OFR. The novel porous structure may be attributed to the interruption of the silver’s growth course by the AgO on the film’s surface. Notably, a single-phased Ag_2O film is deposited by DC-sputtering at OFR = 0.5 due to the dual effects of thermal decomposition of the AgO phase and a combination reaction of AgO and Ag to Ag_2O. The oscillations both in the film’s reflectivity and transmissivity spectra are strengthened with increasing OFR, indicating an evolution from the metallic behavior of the biphased (Ag + Ag_2O) film to the dielectric behavior of the biphased (Ag_2O + AgO) film and the single-phased Ag2O film. The fitted optical absorption edges of the Ag_2O and the Ag_xO films deposited at values of the OFR of 0.5 and 0.33 are approximately 2.43 eV and 2.34 eV, respectively. The absorption edges are closely related to the direct interband transitions.

Activation of TLR7-mediated autophagy increases epileptic susceptibility via reduced KIF5A-dependent GABAA receptor transport in a murine model

Liu Jing,Ke Pingyang,Guo Haokun,Gu Juan,Liu Yanling,Tian Xin,Wang Xuefeng,Xiao Fei 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying epileptogenesis are poorly understood but are considered to actively involve an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. Excessive activation of autophagy, a cellular pathway that leads to the removal of proteins, is known to aggravate the disease. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 is an innate immune receptor that regulates autophagy in infectious and noninfectious diseases. However, the relationship between TLR7, autophagy, and synaptic transmission during epileptogenesis remains unclear. We found that TLR7 was activated in neurons in the early stage of epileptogenesis. TLR7 knockout significantly suppressed seizure susceptibility and neuronal excitability. Furthermore, activation of TLR7 induced autophagy and decreased the expression of kinesin family member 5 A (KIF5A), which influenced interactions with γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR)-associated protein and GABAARβ2/3, thus producing abnormal GABAAR-mediated postsynaptic transmission. Our results indicated that TLR7 is an important factor in regulating epileptogenesis, suggesting a possible therapeutic target for epilepsy.

Naringin and Naringenin Relax Rat Tracheal Smooth by Regulating BKCa Activation

Rui Shi,Jia-Wen Xu,Zi-Ting Xiao,Ruo-Fei Chen,Yi-Lin Zhang,Jia-Bi Lin,Ke-Ling Cheng,Gu-Yi Wei,Pei-Bo Li,Wen-Liang Zhou,Wei-Wei Su 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.9

Naringin and its aglycone, naringenin, occur naturally in our regular diet and traditional Chinese medicines. This study aimed to detect an effective therapeutic approach for cough variant asthma (CVA) through evaluating the relaxant effect of these two bioactive herbal monomers as antitussive and antiasthmatic on rat tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxant effect was determined by measuring muscular tension with a mechanical recording system in rat tracheal rings. Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was measured using a confocal imaging system in primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells. In rat tracheal rings, addition of both naringin and naringenin could concentration dependently relax carbachol (CCh)-evoked tonic contraction. This epithelium-independent relaxation could be suppressed by BaCl2, tetraethylammonium, and iberiotoxin (IbTX), but not by glibenclamide. After stimulating primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells by CCh or high KCl, the intracellular Ca2+ increase could be inhibited by both naringin and naringenin, respectively. This reaction was also suppressed by IbTX. These results demonstrate that both naringin and naringenin can relax tracheal smooth muscle through opening big conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, which mediates plasma membrane hyperpolarization and reduces Ca2+ influx. Our data indicate a potentially effective therapeutic approach of naringin and naringenin for CVA.

Lasiokaurin derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial and antitumor biological evaluation, and apoptosis-inducing effects

Da-Hong Li,Ping Hu,Sheng-tao Xu,Chun-yan Fang,Shuang Tang,Xin-yu Wang,Xing-yan Sun,He Lian,Ying Xu,Xiao-ke Gu,Jin-yi Xu 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.7

Herein, a series of lasiokaurin derivatives were designed and synthesized. All the derivatives together with lasiokaurin and oridonin were tested for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity. Compound 16 showed the most promising antimicrobial activity with MICs of 2.0 and 1.0 lg/mL against Gram-Positive bacteria S. aureus and B. subtilis, respectively. All the synthetic lasiokaurin derivatives showed better antiproliferative activity than parent compound lasiokaurin 1. Compound 10 exhibited the strongest cytotoxicity with IC50 values of 0.47 and 0.20 lM against MGC-803 and CaEs-17 cells, accordingly. Moreover, it was shown to have potent antitumor activity in vivo in a murine model of MGC-803 gastric cancer. Preliminary SARs were also concluded based on obtained data. The apoptosis-inducing effects of 10 were further investigated using CaEs-17 cells. The results showed that lasiokaurin derivative 10 could induce apoptosis via mitochondria related pathway and arrest CaEs-17 cell cycle at S phase. Compound 10 could also affect apoptosisrelated proteins that was up-regulation of CDK2 and downregulation of ATM and cyclin A1.