Apply Partition Tree to Compute Canonical Labelings of Graphs

HAO Jian-Qiang,GONG Yun-Zhan,Tan Li,Duan Da-Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.5

This paper establishes a theoretical framework by defining a set of concepts useful for classifying graphs and computing the canonical labeling Cmax(G) of a given undirected graph G, which including the partition tree PartT(G), maximum partition tree MaxPT(G), centre subgraph Cen(G), standard regular sequence SRQ(G), standard maximum regular sequence SMRQ(G), and so on. The implementations of algorithms 1 to 5 show how to calculate them accordingly. The worst time complexities of algorithms 1, 2, 4, and 5 are O(n2) respectively. The time complexity of Algorithm 3 is O(n). By Theorem 3, all leaf nodes of PartT(G) and MaxPT(G) are the regular subgraphs. By Theorem 4 and 5, there exists only one Cen(G) in G. Regular Partition Theorem 6 shows that there exists just one corresponding PartT(G), SRQ(G), MaxPT(G), and SMRQ(G). One can use Classification Theorem 7 to category graphs. Theorem 8 and 9 establish the link between the Cen(G) and the calculation of the first node u1 added into MaxQ(G) corresponding to the canonical labeling Cmax(G) of G. Further, it utilizes the Cen(G) to calculate the first node u1 added into MaxQ(G). The proposed methods can be extended to deal with the directed graphs and weighted graphs.

Comparative Study of DC Breakdown and Space Charge Characteristics of Insulation Paper Impregnated with Natural Ester and Mineral Oil

Hao, Jian,Zou, Run-Hao,Liao, Rui-Jin,Yang, Li-Jun,Liao, Qiang,Zhu, Meng-Zhao The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.4

Natural ester is a suitable substitute for mineral oil and has been widely used in AC transformer in many countries. In order to further application of natural ester in direct current (DC) equipment, it is needed to investigate its long term insulation property under DC condition. In this paper, a thermal ageing experiment was conducted for both mineral oil-paper and natural ester-paper insulation. The DC breakdown and space charge characteristics of insulation paper impregnated with natural ester and mineral oil was compared. Results show that the resistivity of the paper immersed in natural ester and mineral oil both increase as the ageing goes on. While insulation paper impregnated with natural ester has higher resistivity and DC breakdown voltage than the paper impregnated with mineral oil. The DC breakdown voltage for the oil impregnated insulation paper being DC pre-stressing is higher than that without pre-stressing. The average DC breakdown field strength difference between the test with pre-stressing and without pre-stressing clearly shows that there is an apparent enhancement effect for the homo-charge injection on the DC breakdown.

Using the Eigenvalue Partition to Compute the Automorphism Group

HAO Jian-Qiang,GONG Yun-Zhan,LIU Hong-Zhi 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.6

To solve the automorphism group of a graph is a fundamental problem in graph theory. Moreover, it usually is an essential process for graph isomorphism testing. At present, because existing algorithms ordinarily cannot efficiently compute the automorphism group of a graph, ones cannot entirely resolve the graph isomorphism problem. To calculate the automorphism group of a weighted graph, first, briefly review the history of automorphism. Second, introduce the concept of eigenvalue partition. Third, using algebraic methods, examine not only the relationships between the diagonal form of an adjacency matrix and its eigenvalues and eigenvectors, but also the relationships between its eigenvalues and eigenvectors and the automorphism group. Furthermore, prove Theorem 2 to 8. In addition, propose Conjecture 1 and three open problems. By these theorems, present a novel method to resolve the automorphism group of a weighted graph. If a graph has no duplicate eigenvalues and Conjecture 1 is true, it can determine the automorphism group of a weighted graph in polynomial time by the method. Although this method has certain limitations and needs improvements, it is theoretically a necessary complement to solve the automorphism group. Finally, it shows the close relationships that exist between an orthogonal matrix and a permutation matrix, also an orthogonal matrix and an automorphism.

Comparative Study of DC Breakdown and Space Charge Characteristics of Insulation Paper Impregnated with Natural Ester and Mineral Oil

Jian Hao,Run-Hao Zou,Rui-Jin Liao,Li-Jun Yang,Qiang Liao,Meng-Zhao Zhu 대한전기학회 2018 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.13 No.4

Natural ester is a suitable substitute for mineral oil and has been widely used in AC transformer in many countries. In order to further application of natural ester in direct current (DC) equipment, it is needed to investigate its long term insulation property under DC condition. In this paper, a thermal ageing experiment was conducted for both mineral oil-paper and natural ester-paper insulation. The DC breakdown and space charge characteristics of insulation paper impregnated with natural ester and mineral oil was compared. Results show that the resistivity of the paper immersed in natural ester and mineral oil both increase as the ageing goes on. While insulation paper impregnated with natural ester has higher resistivity and DC breakdown voltage than the paper impregnated with mineral oil. The DC breakdown voltage for the oil impregnated insulation paper being DC prestressing is higher than that without pre-stressing. The average DC breakdown field strength difference between the test with pre-stressing and without pre-stressing clearly shows that there is an apparent enhancement effect for the homo-charge injection on the DC breakdown.

Good performance of Sc (0001) surface adsorbing CO molecule

Hao Zhi-Qiang,Yang Jian-Long,Li Hui,Yao Jian-Gang 한국물리학회 2022 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.80 No.9

There is a big discrepancy in terms of calculating the surface energy of the HCP Sc (0001) surface for previous theoretical results. Herein, we used a relatively reasonable method to predict the calculated value (1.263 J/m2), which agrees well with the experimental outcome (1.275 J/m2). Based on this, the adsorption behaviors of CO at different sites, i.e., hollow (H1, H2, and H3), bridge (B1), and top sites (T1), were explored theoretically. The results suggest that hollow sites, particularly the H1 site exhibits a good performance in adsorbing CO molecule, and that the adsorption energy reaches nearly 3.5 eV, which corresponds to a significant elongation of the C–O distance (more than 24%). In addition, the CO adsorbed at the H1 site is seen to be located parallelly at the surface. An obvious substantive variation of the CO molecular orbit of H1 adsorption site is observed.

Effects of habitat fragmentation on the functional diversity of insects in Thousand Island Lake, China

Tian‐Hao Tu,Ji-Rui WANG,Jian-Qiang GU,Tian-Qi LI,Kun LV,Guo-Xin ZHOU,Zhi-Hong XU 한국곤충학회 2019 Entomological Research Vol.49 No.2

Due to habitat fragmentation, the loss of species diversity has been extensively studied. On the contrary, the effects of habitat fragmentation on functional diversity is still poorly understood. In the Thousand Island Lake, we conducted studies of insect functional diversity on a set of 29 isolated islands. We used 10 functional diversity indices from three aspects (functional richness, functional evenness and functional divergence) to respectively describe functional diversity of insects on sample islands. We found the following results: (i) The functional indices selected could reflect the functional diversity of sample islands and it is further proved that in general, three components of functional diversity were independent of each other; (ii) Sample islands could be divided into two categories, island JSD and the remaining islands; (iii) Functional richness increased with island area and shape index, but had no significant correlation with isolation. Likewise, both functional evenness and functional divergence had no significant correlation with island attributes. The conclusion to emphasize from our research is that: (i) habitat fragmentation reduced the biological functional diversity to some extent, further demonstrating the importance of habitat continuity in biodiversity protection; and (ii) for functional diversity protection of insects in a fragmented landscape, an island which has high approximate shape index values of at least hundred hectare magnitude order has a critical promoting effect.

Antioxidant Properties of Different Polysaccharides Extracted with Water and Sodium Hydroxide from Rice Bran

Xue-Qiang Zha,Jian-Ping Luo,Lei Zhang,Jie Hao 한국식품과학회 2009 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.18 No.2

The antioxidant properties of water extracted polysaccharides (PW), 1%(w/v) NaOH extracted polysaccharides (PN1), and 5%(w/v) NaOH extracted polysaccharides (PN5) were assessed in this paper. PW showed good capability of scavenging H₂O₂, anti-lipid peroxidation, reduction power, and scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The maximum values were all observed at the dose of 1 ㎎/㎖ sample. As far as the antioxidant activities of PN1 were concerned, the capability of scavenging superoxide radical, chelating metal, and total antioxidation showed higher than those of PN5. When polysaccharide concentration was 1 ㎎/㎖, the 3 index described above were attached 71.8%, 51.6%, and 446.3 μM Trolox equivalent, respectively. With respect to PN5, higher capabilities of scavenging hydroxyl free radicals were obtained while the peak of 84.8% was observed at the concentration of 1.0 ㎎/㎖. Moreover, the concentration-dependent influences were characterized in all cases.

The Prediction Research of Population Density Based on Deep Learning in Grain Stored Insects

Wu Jian-Jun,Dang Hao,Li Miao,Sun Fu-Yan,Zhu Yu-Hua,Zhen Tong,Zou Bing-Qiang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.10

Precision of pests, in stored grain insect population density, has been a hot and difficult research in pest detection and control system. The accuracy of prediction of pest density will directly affect to warehouse grain temperature and the food quality etc. In order to improve the accuracy, the paper which using the depth study method, established an insects density prediction mode with the depth of the belief network as the core. The model is applied to the algorithm of deep learning predictive control. According to the temperature and humidity of the grain obtained from the actual measurement and the initial density of the pest, we predicted the pest density. Simulation results show that the root mean square error is small between the predictive value and actual value, high prediction accuracy. The deep learning algorithm is applied to the population density of pests is effective.

Analysis of the low velocity impact response of functionally graded carbon nanotubes reinforced composite spherical shells

Chun-Hao Yang,Wu-Ning Ma,Da-wei Ma,Qiang He,Jian-Lin Zhong 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.6

The low velocity impact analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotubes reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) spherical shells including the contact force and indentation of the shell surface center was presented. The material properties were set according to the rule of mixture. The fibers and polymeric matrix were temperature-dependent. Timoshenko-Midlin assumption was used to establish the dimensionless nonlinear governing equations of the axis-symmetric transverse isotropy spherical shells. The Hertz contact theory was established to obtain the force and displacement between the spherical shell and impactor. Seven species of comparison analyses including grading profiles and volume fraction were mentioned to investigate the influence on the low velocity impact response of the FG-CNTRC spherical shells. The results revealed that the contact force was determined by the material properties of both contact surface and noncontact surface collectively. Furthermore, the increase of volume fraction can result in the larger contact force and shorter contact time.

Isolation, Identification, and Performance Studies of a Novel Paraffin-degrading Bacterium of Gordonia amicalis LH3

Dong-Hui Hao,Xin Song,Jian-Qiang Lin,Yu-Jie Su,Yin-Bo Qu,Jian-Qun Lin 한국생물공학회 2008 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.13 No.1

In this study, we describe the isolation and identification of a novel long-chain n-alkane degrading strain, Gordonia amicalis LH3. Under aerobic conditions, it utilized approximately 18.0% of paraffin (2% w/v) after 10 day of incubation, and the paraffin compositions of C18C24 alkalines were utilized preferentially. Under anaerobic conditions, paraffin utilization was approximately 1/8 that seen under aerobic conditions, and the compositions of C34 and C36 alkalines were utilized preferentially. The effects of salinity, temperature, and biosurfactants on paraffin degradation were also evaluated. The strain was also demonstrated to grow on oil, and decreased oil viscosity by 44.7% and degraded oil by 10.4% under aerobic conditions. Our results indicated that G. amicalis LH3 has potential applications in paraffin control, microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR), and the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted environments.