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Park, H.,Ou, H. H.,Kim, M.,Kang, U.,Han, D.,Hoffmann, M. Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Faraday discussions Vol.198 No.-
<P>The photocatalytic production of molecular hydrogen (H-2) on ternary composites of Pt, CdS, and sodium trititanate nanotubes (NaxH2-xTi3O7, TNTs) is examined in an aqueous 2-propanol (IPA) solution (typically 5 vol%) at a circum-neutral pH under visible light (lambda > 420 nm). The H-2 production rates are dependent on the Pt-loading level, and the optimum production rate in the Pt/CdS/TNTs is approximately six times higher than that in Pt/CdS/TiO2. A D2O solution containing 5 vol% IPA leads only to the production of D-2 molecules, whereas increasing the IPA amount to 30 vol% leads to the production of DH molecules. This indicates that the Pt/CdS/TNTs composites enable H-2 production via true water splitting under our typical experimental conditions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses of the as-synthesized Pt/CdS/TNTs and those used for 6 and 12 h show that metallic Pt on the CdS/TNTs is less susceptible to oxidation than Pt on CdS/TiO2. In addition, photocorrosion of CdS (i.e., sulfate formation) is significantly inhibited during the photocatalytic H-2 production reactions in the Pt/CdS/TNTs because of the efficient charge transfer via the TNTs framework. The Pt/CdS/TNTs samples are thermally more stable than Pt/CdS/TiO2 and CdS/TNTs, effectively inhibiting the formation of CdO during the thermal synthesis. Detailed surface characterizations of the as-synthesized ternary composites are performed using Xray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and XPS.</P>
Plasma zinc's alter ego is a low-molecular-weight humoral factor
Ou, Ou,Allen-Redpath, Keith,Urgast, Dagmar,Gordon, Margaret-Jane,Campbell, Gill,Feldmann, Jö,rg,Nixon, Graeme F.,Mayer, Claus-Dieter,Kwun, In-Sook,Beattie, John H. The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2013 The FASEB Journal Vol.27 No.9
<P>Mild dietary zinc deprivation in humans and rodents has little effect on blood plasma zinc levels, and yet cellular consequences of zinc depletion can be detected in vascular and other tissues. We proposed that a zinc-regulated humoral factor might mediate the effects of zinc deprivation. Using a novel approach, primary rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were treated with plasma from zinc-deficient (<1 mg Zn/kg) or zinc-adequate (35 mg Zn/kg, pair-fed) adult male rats, and zinc levels were manipulated to distinguish direct and indirect effects of plasma zinc. Gene expression changes were analyzed by microarray and qPCR, and incubation of VSMCs with blood plasma from zinc-deficient rats strongly changed the expression of >2500 genes, compared to incubation of cells with zinc-adequate rat plasma. We demonstrated that this effect was caused by a low-molecular-weight (∼2-kDa) zinc-regulated humoral factor but that changes in gene expression were mostly reversed by adding zinc back to zinc-deficient plasma. Strongly regulated genes were overrepresented in pathways associated with immune function and development. We conclude that zinc deficiency induces the production of a low-molecular-weight humoral factor whose influence on VSMC gene expression is blocked by plasma zinc. This factor is therefore under dual control by zinc.—Ou, O., Allen-Redpath, K., Urgast, D., Gordon, M.-J., Campbell, G., Feldmann, J., Nixon, G. F., Mayer, C.-D., Kwun, I.-S., and Beattie, J. H. Plasma zinc's alter ego is a low-molecular-weight humoral factor.</P>
Gasochromic Performance of WO3-nanorod Thin Films Fabricated with an ArF Excimer Laser
M. H. Yaacob,J. Z. Ou,W. Wlodarski,C. S. Kim,이정용,김영환,C. M. Oh,K. P. Dhakal,김정용,강준희 한국물리학회 2012 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.60 No.3
Thin films with tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanorods were fabricated by using an ArF pulsed laser deposition system. Because the ArF excimer laser operates at a very short wavelength of 193 nm,short enough to expect strong absorption of the photons in the semiconductor oxide targets, and because the clusters incoming to the substrates have high momentum, we could build thin films with good surface morphology. Highly homogeneous arrays of nanorods with sizes mostly in the range of 30 . 40 nm were observed. The absorbance response towards hydrogen (H2) gas was investigated for a WO3 film coated with 25-°A-thick palladium (Pd). The Pd/WO3-nanorod thin films exhibited excellent gasochromic response when measured in the visible-NIR range (400 . 1000 nm). As low as 0.06% H2 concentration was clearly sensed. A significant reversible absorbance change and fast recovery (<2 min) were observed when the films were exposed to H2 at different concentrations.
Prevalence of hepatitis E antibodies in cattle in Burkina Faso associated with swine mixed farming
Dieudonné Tialla,Assana Cissé,Georges Anicet Ouédraogo,Judith M. Hübschen,Zékiba Tarnagda,Chantal J. Snoeck 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol. No.
Background: Endemic circulation of human-specific hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1 and 2 may occult the importance of sporadic zoonotic HEV transmissions in Africa. Increasing numbers of studies reporting anti-HEV antibodies in cattle and the discovery of infectious HEV in cow milk has raised public health concern, but cattle exposure has seldom been investigated in Africa. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the role of cows in the epidemiology of HEV in Burkina Faso and farmers habits in terms of dairy product consumption as a prerequisite to estimate the risk of transmission to humans. Methods: Sera from 475 cattle and 192 pigs were screened for the presence of anti-HEV antibodies while HEV RNA in swine stools was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data on mixed farming, dairy product consumption and selling habits were gathered through questionnaires. Results: The overall seroprevalence in cattle was 5.1% and herd seroprevalence reached 32.4% (11/34). Herd seropositivity was not associated with husbandry practice or presence of rabbits on the farms. However, herd seropositivity was associated with on-site presence of pigs, 80.7% of which had anti-HEV antibodies. The majority of farmers reported to preferentially consume raw milk based dairy products. Conclusions: Concomitant presence of pigs on cattle farms constitutes a risk factor for HEV exposure of cattle. However, the risk of HEV infections associated with raw cow dairy product consumption is currently considered as low.
A direct shape optimization approach for contact problems with boundary stress concentration
H. Ou,B. Lu,Z. S. Cui,C. Lin 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.9
The paper presents a direct shape optimization approach that minimizes both boundary stress concentration and peak contact pressure of multi-body contact systems. This approach is centered on the direct shape modification of boundary regions of stress concentration measured by von Mises stresses and contact surfaces measured by contact pressure. Without requiring sensitivity data for shape modification,shape optimization is made directly on nodal positions through an iterative computational scheme. Therefore, this approach is simple to implement using either commercial finite element software or in-house programs. An adjustable weighting factor is used to ensure stable and accelerated convergence in shape optimization. To evaluate the proposed approach, three case problems are presented,and the results show that this direct shape optimization approach can be especially applicable to the design and analysis of multi-body systems where boundary stress concentration and contact pressure distribution are an important consideration.
Liu, Z.H.,Yang, F.Y.,Kong, L.J.,Lai, C.H.,Piao, X.S.,Gu, Y.H.,Ou, X.Q. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.10
A single factorial experiment was conducted to test the effects of three dietary levels of energy on mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS-mRNA) and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL-mRNA) and their association with intramuscular fat in finishing pigs. 72 crossbred (Large $White{\times}Rongchang$) barrows with an average initial body weight of 20.71 (s.e. 0.1) kg, were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments (11.75, 13.05 and 14.36 MJ DE/kg) and fed until slaughtered at 100 or 101 kg. The diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-essential amino acids. The growth performances including the duration of finishing were changed linearly (p<0.05) or quadratically (p<0.05) with increased dietary energy levels. The effects of dietary energy content on the percentage of external fat, intramuscular backfat and the fat thickness were linear (p<0.05). The content of dietary energy increased FAS-mRNA linearly or quadratically, while HSL-mRNA decreased linearly or quadratically in backfat and Longissmus dorsi muscle. Meanwhile, significant positive correlations (p<0.05) were found between energy level and intramuscular fat, FAS-mRNA or the ratio of FAS-mRNA to HSL-mRNA, between the ratio of FAS-mRNA to HSL-mRNA and intramuscular fat. However, the correlations between HSL mRNA and dietary energy or intramuscular fat were negative (p<0.05). The results indicated that dietary energy level regulates lipid accumulation, especially intramuscular fat, possibly by modulating the mRNA of FAS and HSL together rather than individually.