Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation

Kim, S.-H.,Lee, S.-O.,Park, I.-A.,Park, S.J.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y.S.,Woo, J.H.,Park, S.-K.,Park, J.S.,Kim, S.C.,Han, D.J. Blackwell Publishing Inc 2010 Transplant infectious disease Vol.12 No.2

<P>S.-H. Kim, S.-O. Lee, I.-A. Park, S.J. Park, S.-H. Choi, Y.S. Kim, J.H. Woo, S.-K. Park, J.S. Park, S.C. Kim, D.J. Han. Diagnostic usefulness of a T cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in kidney transplant candidates before transplantation.Transpl Infect Dis 2010: <B>12:</B> 113–119. All rights reserved</P><P>Background</P><P>The presence of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI) should be evaluated before kidney transplantation. Although a new T cell-based assay for diagnosing LTBI gave promising results, this assay has not yet been compared with the tuberculin skin test (TST) for diagnosing LTBI in renal transplant candidates before transplantation.</P><P>Patients and methods</P><P>All adult patients admitted to a single institute for renal transplantation over a 1-year period were prospectively enrolled. A clinically predictive risk of LTBI was defined as: (i) recent close contact with a person with pulmonary TB; (ii) abnormal chest radiography; (iii) a history of untreated or inadequately treated TB; or (iv) a new infection (i.e., a recent conversion of TST).</P><P>Results</P><P>Of 209 renal recipients, 47 (22%) had a positive TST≥5 mm, 21 (10%) had a positive TST≥10 mm, 65 (30%) had a positive T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test, and 25 (12%) had an indeterminate T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test. The induration size of TST was significantly associated with a high positivity rate on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> (<I>P</I><0.001). Agreement between T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test and TST≥10 mm was fair (<I>k</I>=0.24, 95% confidence interval 0.11–0.36). However, neither univariate nor multivariate analysis showed any association between the clinical risk for LTBI and positivity on T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> or TST.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> test was more frequently positive than TST in renal transplant candidates. However, further longitudinal studies are awaited to determine whether the ability of T-SPOT.<I>TB</I> assay to detect LTBI in renal transplant recipients can better predict the development of TB than can TST after transplantation.</P>

Electric Probe Measurements at Edge Region During H‐Mode Discharges in KSTAR

Bak, J.G.,Oh, Y.S.,Kim, H.S.,Hahn, S.H.,Yoon, S.W.,Jeon, Y.M.,Xiao, W.W.,Ko, W.H.,Kim, W.C.,Kwak, J.G.,Woo, H.J.,Chung, K.S.,the KSTAR project team, WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Contributions to plasma physics Vol.53 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Electrical probe measurements are carried out at the scrape‐off‐layer (SOL) and divertor regions in order to investigate the characteristics of edge plasmas during H‐mode discharges in the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) device. Radial profiles of plasma parameters such as electron temperature T<SUB><I>e</I></SUB>, plasma density n<SUB><I>e</I></SUB>, and parallel flow velocity v<I><SUB>‖</SUB></I> are measured by using a fast reciprocating Langmuir probe assembly (FRLPA) at the SOL region. From the FRLPA measurements, it is found that the decay length of temperature λ<I><SUB>Te</SUB></I> and that of density λ<I><SUB>ne</SUB></I> are 2 <I>∼</I> 4 cm and 1 <I>∼</I> 3 cm, respectively. The magnitude of v<I><SUB>‖</SUB></I> near the last closed flux surface (LCFS) is 4 <I>∼</I> 15 km/s. The radial flux due to edge turbulence at the SOL region is investigated by using spectra analysis on electrostatic fluctuation levels such as ion saturation current Ĩ<I><SUB>is</SUB></I> and floating potential <TEX>$ \tilde{\rm V}_f$</TEX> obtained from the FRLPA measurement. The value of the flux is estimated as <I>∼</I> 10<SUP>20</SUP> particle m<SUP>−2</SUP> s <SUP>−1</SUP> near the LCFS. The poloidal distribution of the ion saturation current density j<I><SUB>is</SUB></I> is measured by fixed edge Langmuir probe array (ELPA) at the divertor region, and it is found that the positions of strike points from the ELPA measurement agree well with those reconstructed from the EFIT result using magnetic diagnostic data. From the spectrum analysis on the ELPA measurements at the divertor region during edge localized modes (ELMs) control in the H‐mode discharges, it is observed that the magnitude of <TEX>$ \tilde{\rm j}_{is}$</TEX>(<I>ω</I>) near strike point decreases when the ELMs are suppressed or mitigated (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</P>

An outbreak of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in Korea, 2008

Kim, H.R.,Park, C.K.,Lee, Y.J.,Woo, G.H.,Lee, K.K.,Oem, J.K.,Kim, S.H.,Jean, Y.H.,Bae, Y.C.,Yoon, S.S.,Roh, I.S.,Jeong, O.M.,Kim, H.Y.,Choi, J.S.,Byun, J.W.,Song, Y.K.,Kwon, J.H.,Joo, Y.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2010 Veterinary microbiology Vol.141 No.3

In spite of intensive surveillance programs for the control of HPAI, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in Korea in April 2008 caused serious damage to poultry farms, as did previous outbreaks in 2003/2004 and 2006/2007. Six viruses were selected from the Korean 2008 isolates for genetic analysis, and all eight gene segments from each of the influenza viruses were sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis showed that all of the viruses were of the same virus type and that the hemagglutinin (HA) gene was clustered with that of clade 2.3.2 viruses. However, the internal and neuraminidase (NA) genes were closely related to those of the clade 2.3.4 viruses (recent human and bird isolates from Southeast Asia).

선택적 촉매 산화 반응에 의한 황화 수소의 제거 Ⅱ . TiO2 / SiO2 촉매 상에서 황화 수소의 선택적 산화 반응

천승우,박대원,우희철,홍성수,정종식 ( S . W . Chun,D . W . Park,H . C . Woo,S . S . Hong,J . S . Chung ) 한국공업화학회 1996 공업화학 Vol.7 No.4

본 연구는 H₂S를 TiO₂/SiO₂촉매상에서 산소와의 직접 산화 반응을 통해 원소 황의 형태로 제거하는 반응에 관한 것이다. 순수한 TiS₂Ti(SO₄)_2를 사용한 반응 실험과 순수한 TiO₂에 대한 주기적 온도 조작 실험 결과로부터 TiO₂는 황 회수 공정에서 사용되는 촉매의 비활성화의 주원인으로 알려진 sulfation이나 salfidation에 대해 매우 안정한 것으로 나타났다. TiO₂/SiO₂촉매에서 TiO₂의 담지량이 증가함에 따라 H₂S 전화율이 증가하였고, 원소 황의 선택도는 아주 소폭으로 감소하였다. 반응 실험결과 O₂/H₂S의 비가 증가할수록 원소 황의 선택도는 크게 감소하였다. 10 wt.% TiO₂/SiO₂ 촉매는 화학 양론비의 조성(H₂S=5 vol.% O₂=2.5 vol.%)의 반응물에 10 vol.%의 수증기를 첨가한 경우 활성과 선택도가 감소하였으나 여전히 80% 이상의 원소 황 수율을 유지하고 있었다. Selective catalytic oxidation of H₂S to elemental sulfur using TiO₂/SiO₂ catalysts was investigated in this study. The reaction test with pure TiS₂and Ti(SO₄)₂and cyclic temperature operation revealed that TiO₂had a good resistance to sulfation and sulfidation, which are known as the main cause of catalytic deactivation in sulfur recovery process. With the increase of TiO₂loading amount in Tio₂/SiO₂catalysts, the conversion of H₂S increased and the selectivity of elemental sulfur was very slightly decreased. As the ratio of O₂/H₂S increased, the selectivity to elemental sulfur was drastically decreased. In the presence of 10 vol.% water vapor to a stoichiometric mixture of H₂S and O₂(H₂S =5 vol.% O=2.5 vol.%), both activity and selectivity of 10 wt.% TiO₂/SiO₂catalyst are decreased, but it still showed more than 80% of sulfur yield.

23 이차원 전기영동법과 immunobotting을 이용한 Helicobacter pylori strain 26695, J99, 51의 항원 분석

김어진 ( E. J. Kim ),이민혜 ( M. H. Lee ),전진수 ( J. S. Jun ),박지희 ( J. H. Park ),서지현 ( J. H. Seo ),임재영 ( J. Y. Lim ),박찬후 ( C. H. Park ),최명범 ( M. B. Choi ),우향옥 ( H. O. Woo ),윤희상,고경혁 ( K. H. Ko ),백승철 ( S. C. Ba 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2002 No.-

Reoxygenation following hypoxia activates DNA-damage checkpoint signaling pathways that suppress cell-cycle progression in cultured human lymphocytes

Kim, B.M.,Choi, J.Y.,Kim, Y.J.,Woo, H.D.,Chung, H.W. North-Holland Pub ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2007 FEBS letters Vol.581 No.16

Cellular responses to DNA damage after hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) were examined in human lymphocytes. Cultured lymphocytes exposed to H/R showed a lower cytokinesis block proliferation index and a higher frequency of micronuclei in comparison to control cells. Western blots showed that H/R exposure induced p53 expression; however, p21 and Bax expression did not increase, indicating that H/R did not affect p53 transactivational activity. Phosphorylation of p53 (Ser15), Chk1 (Ser345), and Chk2 (Thr68) was also observed, suggesting that H/R activates p53 through checkpoint signals. In addition, H/R exposure caused the phosphorylation and negative regulation of Cdc2 and Cdc25C, proteins that are involved in cell-cycle arrest at the G2/M checkpoint. The S-phase checkpoint, regulated by the ATM-p95/NBS1-SMC1 pathway, was also triggered in H/R-exposed lymphocytes. These results demonstrate that H/R exposure triggers checkpoint signaling and induces cell-cycle arrest in cultured human lymphocytes.

Influence of <i>CYP2D6*10</i> on the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in healthy Korean volunteers

Jin, S. K.,Chung, H. J.,Chung, M. W.,Kim, J.-I.,Kang, J.-H.,Woo, S. W.,Bang, S.,Lee, S. H.,Lee, H. J.,Roh, J. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics Vol.33 No.5

<P>Summary</P><P>Background and objective: </P><P>Genetic polymorphism of <I>CYP2D6</I> leads to differences in pharmacokinetics of CYP2D6 substrates. The <I>CYP2D6*10</I> allele is clinically important in Koreans because of its high frequency in Asians. We investigated whether the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol was altered by the presence of the <I>CYP2D6*10</I> allele in Korean subjects.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>One hundred and seven volunteers were recruited and grouped as <I>CYP2D6*1/*1</I>, <I>CYP2D6*1/*10</I> and <I>CYP2D6*10/*10</I> according to their genotypes. Metoprolol tartrate 100 mg (Betaloc<SUP>®</SUP>) was administered orally once to each subject in these three groups (<I>n</I> = 6, 7 and 5, respectively). The pharmacokinetic parameters of metoprolol and its metabolite, &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol, and the metabolic ratio for the three groups were estimated and compared.</P><P>Results and discussion: </P><P>The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>), the maximum plasma concentration (<I>C</I><SUB>max</SUB>) and the elimination half-life (<I>T</I><SUB>1/2</SUB>) of metoprolol and &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol for the <I>CYP2D6*10/*10</I> group were all significantly different from those of the <I>CYP2D6*1/*1</I> group (<I>P</I> < 0·05). The AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>s of metoprolol were 443·7 ± 168·1, 995·6 ± 321·4 and 2545·3 ± 632·0 ng·h/mL, and the AUC<SUB>0→∞</SUB>s of &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol were 1232·0 ± 311·2, 1344·0 ± 288·1 and 877·4 ± 103·4 ng·h/mL for groups <I>CYP2D6*1/*1</I>, <I>*1/*10</I> and <I>*10/*10</I>, respectively. The corresponding <I>T</I><SUB>1/2</SUB> values of metoprolol were 2·7 ± 0·5, 3·2 ± 1·3 and 5·0 ± 1·1 h, while those of &agr;-hydroxymetoprolol were 5·4±1·5, 6·0 ± 1·4 and 10·5 ± 4·2 h, respectively. The metabolic ratios of the three groups were significantly different (<I>P</I> < 0·05).</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>The <I>CYP2D6*10</I> allele altered the pharmacokinetics of metoprolol in Korean subjects and is likely to affect other drugs metabolized by the CYP2D6 enzyme, similarly.</P>

역사이클하중하에서의 균열길이 측정법에 따른 파괴저항곡선의 평가

원종일,우흥식,석창성 한국산업안전학회 1998 한국안전학회지 Vol.13 No.4

J-R curve tests were performed on 1T compact specimens of SA516 Gr. 70 carbon steels under reverse cyclic loading. A Direct-Current Potential Drop (DCPD) method, one of the nondestructive techniques to detect flaw of structure, is being increasingly used for monitoring crack initiation and stable crack growth in typical fracture mechanics specimens for J-R testing. In many aspects this method is simpler than the unloading compliance method. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the J-R Curve according to the crack length measurement techniques under reverse cyclic loading. In order to prove the reliability and repeatability of the DCPD method, the crack length measured by using DCPD method was compared to one determined from unloading compliance. Consequently, this DCPD method correlated well with J-R curves and crack extension measurements determined from unloading compliance method.

대학생 자녀를 둔 중년여성의 자아존중감, 자녀와의 관계, SNS 이용강도가 우울에 미치는 영향

우지원,김가은,김경미,남주희,박지인,범준희,이나경,조소연,조은경,최영윤,김석선,길민지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2017 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.51

Purpose: This study aims to identify the effects of self-esteem, relationship with children, Social Networking Services(SNS) use intensity on depression in middle-aged women with college-age children, and to provide basic data for the health promotion of middle-aged women. Method: A sample of 133 middle-aged people was purposely selected from parents of university students. Questionnaires used for this study were CES-D(The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale), Self-esteem Scale, Relationship with Children Scale, SNS Intensity Scale. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 21 with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVAs, Pearson correlation, multiple regression. Result: Self-esteem was correlated with relationship with children (r=0.385, p<0.01) and depression (r=-0.440, p<0.01). Relationship with children was correlated with depression(r=-0.402, p<0.01). As a result, a factor having the greatest influence on the subject's depression degree was self-esteem(β=-0.335), followed by relationship with children(β=-0.274). Conclusion: The result of this study suggested that depression in middle-aged women is closely related to self-esteem and relationship with children. This result can be used in Nursing by developing the theoretical basis for education program related to enhancing self-esteem and relationship with children.

Proton Implantation Mechanism in GaN Layer Transfer by Using the Ion-Cut Process

H. J Woo,C. H Eum,G. D Kim,H. W Choi,J. K Kim,W. Hong,Y. H Bae 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.I

The proton implantation condition for the ion-cut process in wurtzite-phase GaN and the associated mechanisms of surface blistering of GaN films were investigated. Etch-pit density (EPD) measurements, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) were used to investigate the crystalline quality of the as-grown GaN epi-wafers. The proton beam was implanted at 60 keV with fluences in the range of 3 $\sim$ 5 $\times$ 10$^{17}$ H$^+$/cm$^2$ at room temperature. The influences of the crystallinity of the GaN wafers, the ion fluence and the post-implantation annealing conditions (200 $\sim$ 450 $^\circ$C) on the blistering process were studied. Optical microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), HRXRD, Rutherford backscattering Spectrometry (RBS)/channeling (RBS/C), and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (XTEM) were used to investigate splitting kinetics, and the optimum conditions for achieving exfoliation only after post-implantation annealing were determined for the GaN ion-cut process. Our results suggest that the ion-cut process is sensitive to both the implant fluence and the annealing conditions, however, so far as the measured crystal quality is concerned, against our expectations, there was no notable influence on the blistering property. The optimum post-implantation annealing temperature was less than 350 $^\circ$C, and low temperature splitting is of importance for layer transfer between dissimilar materials with very different thermal expansion coefficients.