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Eum, Y.J.,Hwang, S.-O.,Ryu, J.,Kim, J.-W.,Koo, C.Y.,Lee, J.-Y.,Lee, H.Y. Taylor Francis 2014 Ferroelectrics Vol.465 No.-
<P>CoFe2O4/Pt/Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O-3 thin films were grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate in order to investigate the magnetoelectric properties of ferromagnetic/ferroelectric multilayer thin films. Thin Pt layer was introduced to prevent inter-diffusion between CoFe2O4 and Pb(Zr0.3Ti0.7)O-3 (PZT) layers. PZT thin film was grown directly on top of Pt substrate by utilizing sol-gel spin coating technique. In order to investigate the possible annealing effect on film microstructure and magnetoelectric properties, multilayer thin film stack was heat-treated at different temperatures ranging from 550 degrees C to 650 degrees C. The structural properties of the films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ferroelectric and ferromagnetic behaviors were analyzed by measuring polarization and magnetization - electric and magnetic field hysteresis. Magnetoelectric coefficients were calculated by measuring magnetoelectric voltages using magnetoelectric measurement system. Both the magnetoelectric properties and the coupling effect of CoFe2O4/Pt/PZT films on ferromagnetic and magnetoelectric properties are discussed as a function of heat-treatment temperature.</P>
Microsatellite 분석을 통한 한우의 유전적 다양성
최창본,김경석,엄지현 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.5
Six bovine microsatellite loci were analyzed to characterize the genetic structure of Korean cattle (Hanwoo) plus three populations of Yanbian yellow cattle, Japanese black cattle, and Holstein. Allele diversity, observed heterozygosities, expected heterozygosities, polymorphic information contents, gene differentiation (F_(ST)), indirect estimates of gene flow (Nm: migrants per generation), and Nei's DA distance were calculated. The highest genetic diversity was exhibited in Yanbian yellow cattle (Het_E = 0.732) and the lowest in Japanese black cattle (Het_E = 0.450). Korean cattle showed relatively high genetic diversity (Het_E = 0.690). The genetic differentiation values between populations, as measured by pairwise F_ST, Nm, and Nei's genetic distance, indicated Korean cattle showed a close relationship with Yanbian yellow cattle. Taken together, it is concluded that there is extensive gene flow between Korean cattle and Yanbian yellow cattle.
12%Cr 강에서 합금첨가 원소에 따른 응고 조직 형성 거동
엄칠용(C.Y. Eum),이재현(J.H. Lee),김현철(H.C. Kim),허성강(S.K Hur),지병하(B.H. Chi) 대한기계학회 2003 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2003 No.11
The influence of solidification rates and alloying elements on the morphologies and formation of δ-ferrite was studied using Bridgeman-type directional solidification apparatus in order to analyze the solidification pattern of modified 12% Chromium steels. Directional solidification experimental results showed that solidification microstructure of 12%Cr steels depends on solidification rate and carbon content and chromium equivalent. The width of a mushy zone was increased when solidification rate increased from 1㎛/sec to 100㎛/sec. The dendrite spacings were decreased as increasing the solidification rate, but there were increased with the amounts of Carbon. The volume fraction of δ-ferrite were decreased with increasing the solidification rate, the carbon content, and the width of S/L interface tip and decreasing the chromium equivalent.
Characteristics of biochar produced from slow pyrolysis of Geodae-Uksae 1
Lee, Y.,Eum, P.R.B.,Ryu, C.,Park, Y.K.,Jung, J.H.,Hyun, S. Elsevier Applied Science 2013 Bioresource technology Vol.130 No.-
This study investigated producing biochar from Geodae-Uksae 1 for soil applications to sequestrate carbon from the atmosphere and improve the productivity of crops. Using a lab-scale packed bed reactor, pyrolysis products of Geodae-Uksae 1 were produced over a temperature range of 300-700<SUP>o</SUP>C with a heating rate of 10<SUP>o</SUP>C/min. Pyrolysis at 500<SUP>o</SUP>C was found appropriate for biochar production considering the properties of char and the amount of heat required. It yielded biochar of 27.2wt.% that contained approximately 48% carbon in the raw biomass. The surface area of the biochar rapidly increased to 181m<SUP>2</SUP>/g. Large cylindrical pores with diameters of 5-40μm developed within the biochar due to the vascular cell structure of the parent biomass. The byproducts (bio-oil and gases) were also analyzed for use as fuel.