국내 대학병원에서 정주용 Ciprofloxacin 사용의 적정성 평가

김신우,박효정,오원섭,김연숙,장현하,정숙인,정두련,이혁,염준섭,기현균,손준성,백경란,우건조,송재훈 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.6

목적 : 국내 병원에서의 정주 ciprofloxacin 사용의 적정성을 평가하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 2003년 9월 25일부터 8개의 대학병원에서 정주 ciprofloxacin을 받았던 290명의 연속적으로 모집한 성인환자를 대상으로 약제사용 평가(DUE)를 전향적으로 수행하였다. 이 연구에 사용된 DUE 기준은 미국병원약사회의 기준을 국내 실정에 맡게 수정하여 사용하였으며 1) 사용의 정당성에 관한 항목, 2) 사용 시 준수되거나 시행되어야 할 사항에 대한 항목, 3) 부작용에 대한 항목, 4) 치료 효과에 대한 항목으로 나누어 조사하였다. 결과 : 환자의 평균 나이는 54세였다. 33예(26.9%)에서만 약제 사용의 적정성 측면에서 기준을 만족하였고 91예(73.1%)에서는 사용이 적절하지 않았다. 정주 cipro-floxacin의 부적절한 사용의 흔한 원인은 수술 전후의 예방약 사용, 비뇨기계 처치 전의 예방적 사용, 열성 질환에 대한 경험적 사용 등의 순이었다. 사용 시 준수사항 의 측면에서는 사용 전 배양검사(73.8%)와 사용 중 배양검사(68.6%)가 낮은 수행 정도를 보였으나 그 외는 비교적 높은 적정성(82.4-100%)을 보여주었다. 정주 ciprofloxacin사용의 합병증은 드물었다. 치료 효과의 면에서 치료반응은 93.3%였다. 결론 : 약제 사용의 정당성 기준에 따른 정주 cipro-floxacin의 부적절한 사용은 연구에 포함된 대학병원에서 매우 흔하였다(73.1%). 그러므로 적절한 항생제 사용에 대한 교육과 제도적 장치가 매우 필요한 것으로 판단되었다. Background : To evaluate the appropriateness of intravenous (IV) ciprofloxacin usage in university hospitals in Korea. Materials and Methods : We prospectively evaluated the appropriateness of drug usage in 290 consecutive adult patients who received IV ciprofloxacin in eight teaching hospitals during the period from September 25, 2003 to November 15, 2003. Drug use evaluation (DUE) in this study was based on the modified standard by the American Society of Hospital Pharmacy with regard to the justification of drug use, critical and process indications, complications, and outcome measures. Results : Average age of the patients was 54 years. The use of IV ciprofloxacin was appropriate only in 33 cases (26.9%). Common reasons for inappropriate use of IV ciprofloxacin include perioperative uses or prophylactic injection before urologic procedures, and empirical therapy for febrile episodes. Most of the "critical indications" and "process indications" showed high rate of appropriateness (82.4-100%). However, the rate of taking culture and sensitivity test before (73.8%) and during ciprofloxacin use (68.6%) were low. Complications with ciprofloxacin use were rare. In 93.3% of cases, ciprofloxacin treatment was clinically effective. Conclusion : Use of intravenous ciprofloxacin is frequently inappropriate in tertiary care hospitals in Korea. Implementation of education program and antibiotic control system is critical in improving the appropriateness of antimicrobial use.

일 농촌지역의 우울 증상에 관한 역학연구 -위험요인 및 요인구조분석

하양숙,홍진표,김한규,이군희,한경자,조맹제,김용익,송미순,박성애,김창윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.2

연구목적 : 세계적으로 널리 사용되는 우울증 척도인 the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)을 이용하여 지역사회 주민의 우울증상의 정도를 평가하고, 우울증상의 위험요인을 분석하고, 한국인에서 우울증상의 요인구조를 알기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 방 법 : 경기도 일 농촌 지역의 30세 이상 주민에 대해 무작위 군집 집락 추출을 실시하였고, 훈련된 면담원들이 가정 방문을 통하여 면접 및 자기보고 검사인 CES-D를 실시하였다. 총 1,315명에서 응답을 하였고 응답율은 59.3%이었다. 결 과 : CES-D에 의한 우울증 점수는 0∼5점이 57%정도를 차지하였고, 평균 점수는 남자 7.8점 여자 9.5점으로 비교적 낮은 편이었다. ANCOVA 분석 결과 비결혼, 저학력, 여성이라는 위험요인은 독립적으로 우울증상을 악화시키는 요인이었으나 연령은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. CES-D 결과를 요인분석을 시행한 결과 4가지 요인이 추출되었는데 우울증상 및 신체증상이 한 개의 요인으로, 다른 나라에서 보고되지 않는 정서적 고통이 별도의 요인으로 추출되었다. 결 론 : 국내 역학 조사에서도 외국과 유사한 우울점수 및 위험요인이 확인되었으나 우울증의 요인에서는 특이한 요인이 추출되었다. 한국인에 독특한 우울 반응에 관한 추가 연구가 필요하다. Objectives :The rates, correlates, and factor structure of depressive symptoms in a Korean rural sample were examined using Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Methods : Door to door visiting survey was conducted by trained interviewers. A random cluster sample of 1,315 respondents, aged 30 and over completed the CES-D scale along with additional sociodemographic questionnaire. Results : In this sample, mean CES-D score of male and female were 7.8 and 9.5, respectively which were lower than those reported previously. Symptoms of depression were most common among the less educated, non-married and female according to ANCOVA. Age was not a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. Different factor structures emerged from this sample as compared to other studies using this approach. Somatic symptoms and affective symptoms were combined as one factor and emotional hardship emerged as a separate factor. Conclusion : Symptoms scores and risk factors were similar to the results reported in other countries but unique factor structures were found in this study. Further research is needed about the Korean depressive symptomatology and related areas.

실크 피브로인의 대규모 투석 공정의 단위 모듈의 개발

김동우,하성진,임건빈,허원 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.21 No.B

For the development of a large-scale dialysis process for silk fibroin solution, a batch and continuous dialysis chamber was designed and built, which are to be used as a unit module for the process. A series of dialysis experiments were carried out to estimate the kinetic parameters for dialysis using the solutions of salt-solubilized silk fibroin. The solution was dialyzed by distilled water either batch-wise or continuously. Dialysis kinetics was monitored by measuring refractometery at high salt concentration and conductivity at lower salt concentration. The apparent dialysis coefficients were 5.4g/m2-hr and 1.8g/m2-hr, for well mixed batch and continuous dialysis, respectively. The alteration of molecular weight distribution of dialyzed silk fibroin solution was monitored.

아윤 아파두라이의 scape 개념을 통한 문화의 세계화와 현대건축의 상관관계 고찰

장근수,김현하,임종엽 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

Today's culture represents its process of fragmentation. Recognizing this feature, this study will examine the conceptional difference between Modernity and cultural globalization based on the concept of Arjun Appadurai's Scapes. Then this study will consider the relationship between cultural globalization and contemporary architecture, by studying on design processes of contemporary architects who attempt to construct cultural flow as an experience element.

스킨 스쿠버 참가수준과 참가형태 및 신체적 자아효능감의 관계

남재화,김건철 한국레크리에이션 교육학회 1999 한국여가학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships among participation level in skin-scuba, self efficacy. For accomplishing these purposes, the 300 subjects were selected using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method from the skin-scuba participants. The data for the study were collected through the survey questionnaires. For the data of participation level in skin-scuba, it was classified using Confdration Mondiale des Activits Subaquatiques(CMAS) criteria. For the data, self efficacy developed by Mahoney(1988) and standardized in Korean language by Lee(1998) were used. The statistical methods utilized for testing the hypotheses were Cronbach's α, descriptive statistics, Chi-Square, One-way ANOVA, ANCOVA. From the analyses of the data, the following conclusions of the study were obtained; First, the participation level in skin-demographic characteristics of skin-scuba participants. Second, participation type in skin-scuba does not influences on the self efficacy. Third, the participation level is partly influenced by flow experience in skin-scuba.

炭素纖維補强板에 의한 콘크리트 龜裂의 補修補强에 관한 基礎的 硏究

崔鳳鎭,文鍾健,宋河永,金乙鏞 大田産業大學校 1998 한밭대학교 논문집 Vol.15 No.1

Recently, it has been reported frequently that there exist early-stage deterioration such as cracking, scaling in many concrete structures due to the defect of construction and the environmental pollution. This paper was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon fibre reinforced strips (CFRS) methods attached on cracks in concrete in order to repair and rehabilitate the damaged concrete structures mixed by 3 kinds of water-cement ratio and 2 kinds of aggregate. The test results presented that the CFRS method attached on the bottom of cracked concrete specimen appeared the most effective properties.

연준모치, Phoxinus phoxinus와 금강모치, Rhynchocypris kumgangensis의 서식지 분리와 먹이 선택

백현민,송호복,심하식,김영건,권오길 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

강원도 정선군의 동대천에 동서하고 있는 Phoxinus phoxinus와 Rhynchocypris kumgangensis의 서식지 분리와 먹이 선택에 대하여 2001년 4월부터 9월까지 계절별로 조사, 연구하였다. 두 종은 전형적인 Aa형 하천에 서식하고 있었으며, 상류쪽에서는 P. phoxinus가, 중·하류쪽에서는 R. kumgangensis가 우세하였고, 수온이 중요한 서식 제한 요인으로 나타났다. 동일 서식지에서 P. phoxinus는 유속이 느린 곳에, R. kumgangensis는 상대적으로 유속이 빠른 곳에서 점유율이 높게 나타났으며, P. phoxinus는 하천의 하층에, R. kumgangensis는 상층 및 중층에 주로 서식하였다. 먹이 생물은 P. phoxinus는 봄에 Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Diptera를 주로 섭식하였고 여름과 가을에는 Diptera를 섭식하였으며, R. kumgangensis는 봄과 여름에는 육상곤충, 가을에는 Diptera를 주로 섭식하였다. The authors investgated habitat segregation and prey selectivity of two cohabitants, Phoxinus phoxinus and Rhynchocypris kumgangensis, in Dongdeacheom, Jeongsoen-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea, from April to October 2001. P. phoxinus dominated the upper reaches of the stream, whereas R. kumgangensis dominated the middle and lower reaches of the upprer stream. P. phoxinus inhabited zones of relatively slow water velocity in the bottom layer, but R. kumgangensis lived zoned of relatively high water velocity in the middle and upper layers of the cohabitat. P. phoxinus ingested mainly Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Diptera in spring, and Diptera in summer and autumn. R. kumgangensis fed mainly on terrestrial insects in spring and summer, and Diptera in autumn.

연준모치,Phoxinus phoxinus 와 금강모치, Rhynchocypris kumgangensis의 서식지 분리와 먹이 선택

백현민,송호복,심하식,김영건,권오길 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 2002 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.-

The authors investigated habitat segregation and prey selectivity of two cohabitants, Phoxinus phoxinus and Rhynchocypris kumgangensis, in Dongdaesheon, Jeongsoen-gun, Kangwon-do, Korea, from April to October 2001. P. phoxinus dominated the upper reaches of the stream, whereas R. kumgangensis dominated the middle and lower reaches of the upprer stream. P.phoxinus inhabited zones of relatively slow water velocity in the bottoom layer, but R. kumgangensis lived zones of relatively high water velocity in the middle and upper layers of the cohabitat. P. phoxinus ingested mainly Ephemeroptera, Trichophtera, Diptera in spring, and Diptera in summer and autumn. R. kumgangensis fed mainly on terrestrial insects in spring and summer, and Diptera in autumn.

Reports : Structure-activity relationships of the intramolecular disulfide bonds in coprisin, a defensin from the dung beetle

( Jae Ho Lee ),( Da Eun Lee ),( Hye Min Choi ),( Ha Hyung Kim3 ),( Ho Kim ),( Jae Sam Hwang ),( Dong Gun Lee ),( Jae Il Kim ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2014 BMB Reports Vol.47 No.11

Defensins, which are small cationic molecules produced by organisms as part of their innate immune response, share a common structural scaffold that is stabilized by three disulfide bridges. Coprisin is a 43-amino acid defensin-like peptide from Copris tripartitus. Here, we report the intramolecular disulfide connectivity of cysteine-rich coprisin, and show that it is the same as in other insect defensins. The disulfide bond pairings of coprisin were determined by combining the enzymatic cleavage and mass analysis. We found that the loss of any single disulfide bond in coprisin eliminated all antibacterial, but not antifungal, activity. Circular dichroism (CD) analysis showed that two disulfide bonds, Cys20-Cys39 and Cys24- Cys41, stabilize coprisin’s α-helical region. Moreover, a BLAST search against UniProtKB database revealed that coprisin’s α-helical region is highly homologous to those of other insect defensins. [BMB Reports 2014; 47(11): 625-630]

Emerging Trends in the Treatment of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Radiological Perspective

Kim Gun Ha,Kim Jin Hyoung,Kim Pyeong Hwa,Chu Hee Ho,Gwon Dong Il,Ko Heung-Kyu 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.11

This is a narrative review of various treatment modalities for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a focus on recent updates in radiological treatments, as well as novel treatment concepts related to immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination therapies with locoregional treatments. Interventional radiologists have made efforts toward developing alternative and/or combination treatments for first-line systemic treatment of patients with advanced HCC. Locoregional treatments with or without systemic therapy may be considered in the selected patients. Various treatment modalities for advanced HCC are emerging, and several randomized controlled trials, including those of combination treatments with immunotherapy, are ongoing.