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Gui-zhong Xu,Jie Yin,Xu-Song Feng,Feng Ji 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.24 No.7
This paper presents an experimental investigation on the feasibility and effectiveness of an improved method for dewatering sewage sludge (SS) in landfills. Compared with traditional vacuum preloading with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs), an improved intermittent vacuum loading with wheat straw vertical drains (WSVDs) was developed and a series of laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of WSVD type and intermittent loading period on the dewatering properties of SS. Tests results showed that the WSVD has a good elastic deformation characteristic during vacuum loading and unloading over PVD. The vacuum degree transmission tests on three types of WSVD showed that 5 cm crushed wheat straw is the optimum one. The surface settlement and water content of SS after the model test are similar for WSVD and PVD in the traditional vacuum consolidation method. There was a significant improvement when applying intermittent vacuum and optimum daily loading time of 10 hours was obtained. The cracks found in the sludge cake around the drainage body using improved method are suggested as the key factor since they are able to improve the vacuum transmission capacity and the permeability of SS. The improved method is expected to offer a feasible and cost-effective way to deal with high water content SS in landfills.
Gui-Hua Zhao,Kun Yin,Wei-Xia Zhong,Ting Xiao,Qing-Kuan Wei,Yong Cui,Gong-Zhen Liu,Chao Xu,Hong-Fa Wang 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.6
Heishui county, located in northwest Sichuan province, southwestern China, is an endemic area of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and is the most intractable area. VL is never destroyed in it. Asymptomatic dogs (Leishmania parasites have been diagnosed but clinically healthy) are considered to be a potential reservoir host in zoonotic VL area, and most can lead to infection of individuals, that is a new challenge for controlling VL in humans. The present study aimed to assess the Leishmania infection rate of asymptomatic dogs in Heishui county. Total 105 asymptomatic domestic dogs were gathered from 4 districts in Heishui county to investigate the infection rate with serological and molecular methods based on ELISA and kinetoplast minicircle DNA(kDNA) PCR, respectively. Out of 105 dogs, 44 (41.9%) were positive by more than 1 method; 21 (20.0%) were positive by ELISA, and 30 (28.6%) were positive by kDNA-PCR. Our study showed that Leishmania infection of domestic dogs which is clinically healthy is prevalent in the studied district, and the asymptomatic dogs infected by Leishmania may be the primary reason for the prevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in the area.
Dielectric and Conductivity Properties of Poly(L-lactide) and Poly(L-lactide)/Ionic Liquid Blends
Pei Xu,Hao Guan Gui,Shan Zhong Yang,Yun Sheng Ding,Qian Hao 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.3
Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) was employed to study the dielectric and conductivity propertiesof poly(L-lactide) and poly(L-lactide)/ionic liquid (IL) blends. The experimental dielectric data were analyzedwithin the formalism of complex permittivity. The results were discussed in terms of AC conductivity, αN relaxationcorresponding to the longest normal mode motion, α relaxation originating from the segmental mode motion, andDC conductivity. The results revealed that the motion of the polymer chains governs the charge carrier transport. The temperature dependence of the relaxation times follows the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) equation. Theincorporation of IL into the matrix accelerates the segmental (α) and normal mode (αN) motions and the conductivity,and increases the charge carrier movement of IL following the longest αN motion of chains, which led to an increasein the relaxation strength of the αN relaxation.
Hai-Zhong Yu,Ming-Hui Liu,Xue-Yang Wang,Xin Yang,Wan-Ling Wang,Lei Geng,Dong Yu,Xue-Lan Liu,Gui-Ying Liu,Jia-Ping Xu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3
Chitin deacetylase (CDA) is an insect chitin degradation enzyme that catalyzes the deacetylation of chitin to form chitosan. In this study, combination of rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology with Cnaphalocrocis medinalis transcriptome database analysis revealed the presence of at least five C. medinalis CDAs (CmCDAs), which were CmCDA1, CmCDA2, CmCDA4, CmCDA5, and CmCDA6. The cDNA sequences of CmCDA1, CmCDA2, and CmCDA4 hadwhole open reading frame (ORF) for further analysis. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that insect CDAs could be categorized into five groups. CmCDAs' structural domain analysis revealed that all three CDAs contained the chitin deacetylase-like catalytic domain. CmCDA1 and CmCDA2 belong to Group I because they both contain the chitin-binding peritrophin-A domain (ChBD), low-density lipoprotein receptor class A domain (LDLa), and chitin deacetylase-like catalytic domain. CmCDA4 only contains ChBD and chitin deacetylase-like catalytic domain thus belongs to Group III. Tissue and developmental stage expression analysis showed that the expression levels of CmCDA1, CmCDA2, and CmCDA4 are significantly higher in the head than other tissues and also significantly higher in adults than in larvae. CmCDA5 had significantly higher expression in the integument than other tissues, suggesting potential roles in the process of degradation of chitin. In contrast, CmCDA5 showed relatively high expression in larvae. In conclusion, this study analyzed the cDNA sequences of three CDA genes and determined their expression and molecular characteristics, which provided a new sequence resource and improved the development of bio-pesticides and the biological pest control and contributed to management of this important agricultural pest.
Effect of Turbulent Fluctuation on Settling Behavior of Dredged Slurry in Sheared Condition
Miao-miao Song,Gui-zhong Xu,Jie Yin,Wei-juan Geng,Zhi-yan Zhou,Cheng-chun Qiu 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.4
For the land shortage problem upon the city development in coastal areas, it is of great importance to improve the overall understanding of the settlement behavior of dredged slurry and determine the required site water storage capacity as well as the mechanical properties of the newly formed dredged slurry. This paper presents an experimental investigation on the effect of turbulent fluctuation on the settling behavior of dredged slurry in sheared condition via a self-developed testing apparatus namely double cylinder settling column. Test results showed that the settling velocity of the soil-water interface initially increased then decreased with the increasing rotation speed of the inner column. The interface would disappear and a stable suspended layer was observed when the rotation speed was greater than 20 rad/min, where water contents and grain composition were not changed over the depth. The particle content was closer to that of the original sample as the rotation speed kept increasing in the suspended layer. It was found that the stabilized flocs were gradually broken down by the turbulence effect existing in the sheared slurry. Moreover, the stabilized flocs were losing the stability gradually as the flowing velocity increased till 10 rad/min and the floc structure was broken down completely once the flowing velocity was greater than 20 rad/min.
Zhi-Feng Zhou,Zi-Xu Ren,Hai-Yan Yu,Jun-Qiang Jia,Zhong-Zheng Gui 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.1
To improve the properties of silkworm (Bombyx mori) pupa protein (SPP), the effects of different modification techniques included enzymolysis, ultrasound, and micronization on the molecular structure and bioactivity of SPP has been evaluated in this study. The results showed that enzymolysis modification led to the most substantial change in the area and shape of the infrared (IR) absorption peaks, decreased in size with an increased number of cracks of modified protein by scanning electron microscopy images, followed by ultrasound and micronization modification. After modification by enzymolysis, ultrasound, and micronization, the sulfhydryl concentrations of SPPwere increased by 48.56%, 34.82%, and 12.46%, respectively; disulfide bond concentrations were reduced by 40.47%, 10.79%, and 11.72%, respectively. Furthermore, the ratios of essential amino acids among total amino acids increased by 13.85%, 2.22%, and 6.93%, respectively. Antioxidant activity and ACE-inhibitory activity of SPP also increased notably after modifications.
Jie Yin,Wen-xia Han,Gui-zhong Xu,Ming-ming Hu,Yong-hong Miao 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.10
This paper presents the experimental investigation into the effect of salinity on the strength behavior of cement-stabilized dredged clays as fills at high initial water contents. One source of dredged clay was dredged from Baima Lake of China. Specimens were prepared having different porewater salinities by blending the air-dried clays with NaCl solution at different salt concentrations. The prepared saline dredged clay specimens were thereafter adjusted to different initial water contents and blended with cement with different amounts. Unconfined compression tests were performed on cement-stabilized dredged clay specimens after 28-day curing. All tested specimens show strain softening behavior where the axial strain corresponding to the peak stress varies with amount of cement. Stress-strain curve for the specimen with lower salinity lies above on that of higher one. Initial water content has a negative effect on the strength of cement-treated clays while cement has a positive effect on the development of strength for cement-treated dredged clays due to the pozzolanic reactions. The presence of salt has an adverse influence on the obtaining of strength for cement-treated dredged clays because salt can inhibit cement from generating C-S-H and C-A-H. Unconfined compressive strength almost linearly decreases with the increasing salinity. A quantitative expression was presented to calculate the unconfined compressive strength for cement-treated saline dredged clays concerning the effects for initial water content, porewater salinity and amount of cement.