Mortality Characteristic and Prediction of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in China from 1991 to 2013

Xu, Zhen-Xi,Lin, Zhi-Xiong,Fang, Jia-Ying,Wu, Ku-Sheng,Du, Pei-Ling,Zeng, Yang,Tang, Wen-Rui,Xu, Xiao-Ling,Lin, Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: To analyze the mortality distribution of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China from 1991 to 2013, to predict the mortality in the ensuing five years, and to provide evidence for prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Mortality data for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in China from 1991 to 2013 were used to describe its epidemiological characteristics, such as the change of the standardized mortality rate, sex and age differences, urban-rural differences. Trend-surface analysis was used to study the geographical distribution of the mortality. Curve estimation, time series, gray modeling, and joinpoint regression were used to predict the mortality for the ensuing five years in the future. Results: In China, the standardized mortality rate of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma increased with time from 1996, reaching the peak values of $1.45/10^5$ at the year of 2002, and decreased gradually afterwards. With males being 1.51 times higher than females, and the city had a higher rate than the rural during the past two decades. The mortality rate increased from age 40. Geographical analysis showed the mortality rate increased from middle to southern China. Conclusions: The standardized mortality rate of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma is falling. The regional disease control for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma should be focused on Guangdong province of China, and the key targets for prevention and treatment are rural men, especially after the age of 40. The mortality of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma will decrease in the next five years.

Dielectric and Conductivity Properties of Poly(L-lactide) and Poly(L-lactide)/Ionic Liquid Blends

Pei Xu,Hao Guan Gui,Shan Zhong Yang,Yun Sheng Ding,Qian Hao 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.3

Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) was employed to study the dielectric and conductivity propertiesof poly(L-lactide) and poly(L-lactide)/ionic liquid (IL) blends. The experimental dielectric data were analyzedwithin the formalism of complex permittivity. The results were discussed in terms of AC conductivity, αN relaxationcorresponding to the longest normal mode motion, α relaxation originating from the segmental mode motion, andDC conductivity. The results revealed that the motion of the polymer chains governs the charge carrier transport. The temperature dependence of the relaxation times follows the Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher (VTF) equation. Theincorporation of IL into the matrix accelerates the segmental (α) and normal mode (αN) motions and the conductivity,and increases the charge carrier movement of IL following the longest αN motion of chains, which led to an increasein the relaxation strength of the αN relaxation.

Enhancing the Anaerobic Digestion of Corn Stalks Using Composite Microbial Pretreatment

( Xu Feng Yuan ),( Pei Pei Li ),( Hui Wang ),( Xiao Fen Wang ),( Xu Cheng ),( Zong Jun Cui ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.7

A composite microbial system (XDC-2) was used to pretreat and hydrolyze corn stalk to enhance anaerobic digestion. The results of pretreatment indicated that sCOD concentrations of hydrolysate were highest (8,233 mg/l) at the fifth day. XDC-2 efficiently degraded the corn stalk by nearly 45%, decreasing the cellulose content by 22.7% and the hemicellulose content by 74.1%. Total levels of volatile products peaked on the fifth day. The six major compounds present were ethanol (0.29 g/l), acetic acid (0.55 g/l), 1,2-ethanediol (0.49 g/l), propionic acid (0.15 g/l), butyric acid (0.22 g/l), and glycerine (2.48 g/l). The results of anaerobic digestion showed that corn stalks treated by XDC-2 produced 68.3% more total biogas and 87.9% more total methane than untreated controls. The technical digestion time for the treated corn stalks was 35.7% shorter than without treatment. The composite microbial system pretreatment could be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly microbial method for efficient biological conversion of corn stalk into bioenergy.

The USP21/YY1/SNHG16 axis contributes to tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion of non-small-cell lung cancer

Pei Xu,Haibo Xiao,Qi Yang,Rui Hu,Lianyong Jiang,Rui Bi,Xueyan Jiang,Lei Wang,Ju Mei,Fangbao Ding,Jianbing Huang 생화학분자생물학회 2020 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.52 No.-

Deubiquitinases (DUBs) and noncoding RNAs have been the subjects of recent extensive studies regarding their roles in lung cancer, but the mechanisms involved are largely unknown. In our study, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas data set and bioinformatics analyses and identified USP21, a DUB, as a potential contributor to oncogenesis in nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We further demonstrated that USP21 was highly expressed in NSCLCs. We then conducted a series of in vitro and in vivo assays to explore the effect of USP21 on NSCLC progression and the underlying mechanism involved. USP21 promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and in vivo tumor growth by stabilizing a well-known oncogene, Yin Yang-1 (YY1), via mediating its deubiquitination. Furthermore, YY1 transcriptionally regulates the expression of SNHG16. Moreover, StarBase bioinformatics analyses predicted that miR4500 targets SNHG16 and USP21. A series of in vitro experiments indicated that SNHG16 increased the expression of USP21 through miR-4500. In summary, the USP21/YY1/SNHG16 axis plays a role in promoting the progression of NSCLC. Therefore, the USP21/YY1/SNHG16/miR-4500 axis may be a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC treatment.

Selection signature reveals genes associated with susceptibility loci affecting respiratory disease due to pleiotropic and hitchhiking effect in Chinese indigenous pigs

Xu, Zhong,Sun, Hao,Zhang, Zhe,Zhang, Cheng-Yue,Zhao, Qing-bo,Xiao, Qian,Olasege, Babatunde Shittu,Ma, Pei-Pei,Zhang, Xiang-Zhe,Wang, Qi-Shan,Pan, Yu-Chun Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: Porcine respiratory disease is one of the most important health problems causing significant economic losses. To understand the genetic basis for susceptibility to swine enzootic pneumonia (EP) in pigs, we detected 102,809 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a total of 249 individuals based on genome-wide sequencing data. Methods: Genome comparison of susceptibility to swine EP in three pig breeds (Jinhua, Erhualian, and Meishan) with two western lines that are considered more resistant (Duroc and Landrace) using cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity and F-statistic (F_ST) statistical approaches identified 691 positively selected genes. Based on quantitative trait loci, gene ontology terms and literature search, we selected 14 candidate genes that have convincible biological functions associated with swine EP or human asthma. Results: Most of these genes were tested by several methods including transcription analysis and candidate genes association study. Among these genes: cytochrome P450 1A1 and catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) are involved in fertility; transforming growth factor beta receptor 3 plays a role in meat quality traits; Wnt family member 2, CTNNB1 and transcription factor 7 take part in adipogenesis and fat deposition simultaneously; plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (completely linked to AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, r² = 1) plays an essential role in the successful ovulation of matured oocytes in pigs; colipase like 2 (strongly linked to SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor, r² = 0.848) is involved in male fertility. Conclusion: These adverse genes susceptible to swine EP may be selected while selecting for economic traits (especially reproduction traits) due to pleiotropic and hitchhiking effect of linked genes. Our study provided a completely new point of view to understand the genetic basis for susceptibility or resistance to swine EP in pigs thereby, provides insight for designing sustainable breed selection programs. Finally, the candidate genes are crucial due to their potential roles in respiratory diseases in a large number of species, including human.

대학생의 창업행동 관련 연구경향 분석: 2000-2021

서패(XU PEI) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.7

목적 본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 창업행동에 관한 학술지를 대상으로 주요 연구방법과 창업행동과 관련된 요인들을 탐색하기 위해 2000년부터 2021년까지 국내 학술지에 발표된 논문들을 체계적으로 분석하는데 두었다. 방법 조사대상 논문은 총 261편이며, 자료는 연구설계, 연구대상, 자료분석기법, 및 변수유형(독립변수, 매개변수, 조절변수 및 종속변수)으로 분류되었다. 자료분석은 내용분석과 빈도분석을 통해 처리되었다. 결과 (1)연구설계 방식은 횡단적 연구가 전체의 99.6%를 차지하고 종단적 연구는 0.4%를 차지하였다. (2)연구대상은 한국 대학생이 전체의 74.3%를 차지하였고, 다른 국가의 대학생들과 비교연구가 25.7%를 차지하였다. (3)자료분석기법은 회귀분석(55.5%), 구조방정식모형 분석(32.6%) 및 조절된 매개효과 분석(4.6%) 순으로 나타났다. (4) 창업관련 변수의 경우 독립변수는 창업관련 요인, 기업가정신, 개인적 특성, 동기, 사회문화적 요인, 인지적 요인 및 TPB의 구성개념 등이었고, 매개변수는 창업교육, 자기효능감, 사회심리적 요인, TPB 구성개념, 기업가정신 및 인지적 요인 등이었다. 조절변수는 창업교육/지원, 사회경제적 요인, 인지적 요인 및 사회정서적 요인이며, 종속변수는 창업변수, 기업가정신, 취업, 진로 등으로 나타났다. 결론 본 결과는 대학생의 창업의도 및 행동을 결정짓는 핵심 요인들을 탐색하고 대학생의 창업역량 증진을 위해 창업지원시스템의 실증적 효과를 검증하는 것이 필요함을 시사한다. Objectives The purposes of this study were to review the articles on start-up and entrepreneurship published from 2000 to 2021 in order to investigate the research trends and variables that are related to university students’ entrepreneurial behaviors. Methods A total of 261 articles were collected systematically and classified into research design, subjects, data analysis tools, and the types of variables (independent variables, mediators, moderators, and dependent variables). Data were conducted using content analysis and frequency analysis. Results (1) The research design method was the highest in the order of a cross-sectional studies(99.6%) and longitudinal studies (0.4%). (2) In subjects Korean students accounted for 74.3% and comparative studies with other Asia students accounted for 27.5% of the total. (3) Data analysis tools was the highest in order of regression analysis (55.5%) for testing the effect of predictor on outcome variables, structural equation modeling (32.6%), and moderated effect analysis (4.6%). (4)Numerous personal, cognitive, socio-emotional, and motivational variables were used for testing the relationships with entrepreneurial behaviors. Conclusions The results suggest that it requires to apply numerous methodology into research and test the causal relationships among determinants of start-up behaviors in order to understand and explain university students’ entrepreneurial behaviors.

Differences in the biological properties of mesenchymal stromal cells from traumatic temporomandibular joint fibrous and bony ankylosis: a comparative study

Zhang Pei-Pei,Liang Su-Xia,Wang Hua-Lun,Yang Kun,Nie Shao-Chen,Zhang Tong-Mei,Tian Yuan-Yuan,Xu Zhao-Yuan,Chen Wei,Yan Ying-Bin 한국통합생물학회 2021 Animal cells and systems Vol.25 No.5

The aim of this study was to compare the functional characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from a sheep model of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrous and bony ankylosis. A sheep model of bilateral TMJ trauma-induced fibrous ankylosis on one side and bony ankylosis on the contralateral side was used. MSCs from fibrous ankylosed callus (FAMSCs) or bony ankylosed callus (BA-MSCs) at weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 after surgery were isolated and cultured. MSCs derived from the bone marrow of the mandibular condyle (BM-MSCs) were used as controls. The MSCs from the different sources were characterized morphologically, phenotypically, and functionally. Adherence and trilineage differentiation potential were presented in the ovine MSCs. These cell populations highly positively expressed MSC-associated specific markers, namely CD29, CD44, and CD166, but lacked CD31 and CD45 expressions. The BA-MSCs had higher clonogenic and proliferative potentials than the FA-MSCs. The BA-MSCs also showed higher osteogenic and chondrogenic potentials, but lower adipogenic capacity than the FA-MSCs. In addition, the BA-MSCs demonstrated higher chondrogenic, but lower osteogenic capacity than the BM-MSCs. Our study suggests that inhibition of the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiations of MSCs might be a promising strategy for preventing bony ankylosis in the future.

Cervical Cancer Mortality Trends in China, 1991-2013, and Predictions for the Future

Du, Pei-Ling,Wu, Ku-Sheng,Fang, Jia-Ying,Zeng, Yang,Xu, Zhen-Xi,Tang, Wen-Rui,Xu, Xiao-Ling,Lin, Kun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: To analyze cervical cancer mortality trends in China from 1991-2013 and forecast the mortality distribution in future five years (2014-2018), and provide clues for prevention and treatment. Materials and Methods: Mortality data for cervical cancer in China from 1991 to 2013 were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics and distribution, including the trend of the standardized mortality rate, urban-rural differences, and age variation. Trend-surface analysis was used to analyze the geographical distribution of mortality. Curve estimation, time series, gray modeling, and joinpoint regression were performed to predict and forecast mortality trends. Results: In recent years, the mortality rate of cervical cancer has increased, and there is also a steady increase in the incidence from 2003 to 2013 in China. Mortality rates in rural areas are higher than in urban areas. The mortality dramatically increases in the 40+ yr age group, reaching a peak in the >85 yr age group. In addition, geographical analysis showed that the cervical cancer mortality increased from the southwest to west-central and from the southeast to northeast of the country. Conclusions: The incidence rate and the mortality rate are increasing from 1991 to 2013, and the predictions show this will continue in the future. Thus, implementation of prevention and management programs for cervical cancer are necessary in China, especially for rural areas, young women in urban areas, and high risk regions (the west-central).

Antibiotic resistance, biochemical typing, and PFGE typing of Bifidobacterium strains commonly used in probiotic health foods

Xu, Feili,Wang, Junping,Guo, Yunchang,Fu, Ping,Zeng, Huawei,Li, Zhigang,Pei, Xiaoyan,Liu, Xiumei,Wang, Shuo 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2

This study firstly analyzed the antibiotic resistance, biochemical typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of 45 Bifidobacterium strains commonly used in health foods. Most strains were resistant to antibiotics but their antibiotic resistance rates were not high: Fos (56.52%), TET (43.48%), CRO (21.74%), AMC (15.22%), GEN (13.04%), RIF (10.87%), CHL (8.7%), CTX (6.52%), VAN (4.35%), and ERY (4.35%). The 45 strains could be divided into 14 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types, of which the strain numbers of six pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types were more than one. All the Bifidobacterium strains could be divided into nine types by API50CHL biochemical identification. The same species displayed same biochemical typings, expect for B. animalis. Furthermore, the results confirmed that the same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-type strains had closer antibiotic resistance patterns, and the same biochemical-type strain also had similar antibiotic resistance patterns.

Large Second-Order Nonlinearity from a Dip-Coated Pure Dye (4-(2-(3,3-Dicyanomethylene-5,5-Dimethyl-1-Cyclohexylidene) Vinyl)Phenyl(1-Naphthyl)Phenylamine) Thin Film

Pei Yang,Huiying Fu,Liying Liu,Liyong Ji,Lei Xu,Fei Xiao 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.5I

We found that the pure dye 4-(2-(3,3-dicyanomethylene-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohexylidene)vinyl) phenyl(1-naphthyl)phenylamine can form a solid-state thin film up to 31 nm in thickness by simple dip-coating. After electric poling, the molecular film was very well oriented along the poling field’s direction (ordering parameter = 0.36). The poled film gave a large resonant second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal ((2) = 591 pm/V when using 1064-nm laser light as the fundamental light) and non-resonant SHG ((2) = 232 pm/V when using 800-nm laser light as the fundamental light). The results show that such molecules can find applications in nonlinear photonic integrated circuits.