Surface-Displayed Porcine IFN-λ3 in Lactobacillus plantarum Inhibits Porcine Enteric Coronavirus Infection of Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Yong-Shi Liu,Qiong Liu,Yanlong Jiang,Wentao Yang,Hai-Bin Huang,Chun-Wei Shi,Gui-Lian Yang,Chun-Feng Wang 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.4

Interferon (IFN)-λ plays an essential role in mucosal cells which exhibit strong antiviral activity. Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) has substantial application potential in the food and medical industries because of its probiotic properties. Alphacoronaviruses, especially porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), cause high morbidity and mortality in piglets resulting in economic loss. Co-infection by these two viruses is becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new drug to prevent diarrhea infected with mixed viruses in piglets. In this study, we first constructed an anchored expression vector with CWA (C-terminal cell wall anchor) on L. plantarum. Second, we constructed two recombinant L. plantarum strains that anchored IFN-λ3 via pgsA (N-terminal transmembrane anchor) and CWA. Third, we demonstrated that both recombinant strains possess strong antiviral effects against coronavirus infection in the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line J2 (IPEC-J2). However, recombinant L. plantarum with the CWA anchor exhibited a more powerful antiviral effect than recombinant L. plantarum with pgsA. Consistent with this finding, Lb.plantarum-pSIP-409-IFN- λ3-CWA enhanced the expression levels of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) (ISG15, OASL, and Mx1) in IPEC-J2 cells more than did recombinant Lb.plantarum-pSIP-409-pgsA'-IFN-λ3. Our study verifies that recombinant L. plantarum inhibits PEDV and TGEV infection in IPEC-J2 cells, which may offer great potential for use as a novel oral antiviral agent in therapeutic applications for combating porcine epidemic diarrhea and transmissible gastroenteritis. This study is the first to show that recombinant L. plantarum suppresses PEDV and TGEV infection of IPEC-J2 cells.

Value of PAX1 Methylation Analysis by MS-HRM in the Triage of Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance

Li, Shi-Rong,Wang, Zhen-Ming,Wang, Yu-Hui,Wang, Xi-Bo,Zhao, Jian-Qiang,Xue, Hai-Bin,Jiang, Fu-Guo Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Background: Detection of cervical high grade lesions in patients with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) is still a challenge. Our study tested the efficacy of the paired boxed gene 1 (PAX1) methylation analysis by methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) in the detection of high grade lesions in ASCUS and compared performance with the hybrid capture 2 (HC2) human papillomavirus (HPV) test. Materials and Methods: A total of 463 consecutive ASCUS women from primary screening were selected. Their cervical scrapings were collected and assessed by PAX1 methylation analysis (MS-HRM) and high-risk HPV-DNA test (HC2). All patients with ASCUS were admitted to colposcopy and cervical biopsies. The Chisquare test was used to test the differences of PAX1 methylation or HPV infection between groups. Results: The specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy for detecting CIN2 + lesions were: 95.6%, 82.4%, and 94.6%, respectively, for the PAX1 MS-HRM test; and 59.7%, 64.7%, and 60.0% for the HC2 HPV test. Conclusions: The PAX1 methylation analysis by MS-HRM demonstrated a better performance than the high-risk HPV-DNA test for the detection of high grade lesions (CIN2 +) in ASCUS cases. This approach could screen out the majority of low grade cases of ASCUS, and thus reduce the referral rate to colposcopy.

Apoptosis of Colorectal Cancer UTC116 Cells Induced by Cantharidinate

Liu, Bin,Gao, Hai-Cheng,Xu, Jing-Wei,Cao, Hong,Fang, Xue-Dong,Gao, Hai-Mei,Qiao, Shi-Xing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Effects of Cantharidinate on apoptosis of human colorectal cancer UTC-116 cells were investigated by means of 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, H and E staining, flow cytometry, and Raman Spectra analysis. The results showed Cantharidinate to exert inhibitory action on proliferation of human colorectal cancer UTC-116 cells, inducing apoptosis, arresting cells in G1 phase, with decline of S and G2 phases. In addition, the results of Raman spectrum showed significant changes in the UTC-116 cells chemical structure with stretching after the application of Cantharidinate. Taken together, these results suggest that the treatment of human colorectal cancer with Cantharidinate may be associated with multiple molecular mechanisms for apoptosis. Furthermore, similar to fluorouracil, Cantharidinate should be considered as novel assistant drug for controlling the growth of human colorectal cancer UTC-116 cells.

Development of New Endovascular Devices for Aneurysm Treatment

Zhen Yu Jia,Hai Bin Shi,Shigeru Miyachi,Sun Moon Hwang,Jae Jon Sheen,Yun Sun Song,Joong-Goo Kim,Deok Hee Lee,Dae Chul Suh 대한뇌졸중학회 2018 Journal of stroke Vol.20 No.1

Since the first use of the Guglielmi detachable coil system for cerebral aneurysm embolization in 1990, various endovascular methods have been developed to treat large numbers of aneurysms. The main strategic and technical modifications introduced to date include balloon-assisted coilembolization, stent-assisted coil embolization, flow diverters, and flow disrupters. The development and introduction of such devices have been so persistent and rapid that new devices are being approved worldwide even before the earlier ones become available in some countries. However, even if some patient populations may possibly benefit from earlier introduction of new devices, the approval authorities should balance the available evidence of the safety and effectiveness of novel devices. This review aims to provide an overview of the recent innovations in endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms and a brief review of market access policies and regulations for importing high-risk medical devices, such as those used for endovascular aneurysm management, which correspond to class III devices, as defined by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. We focus on the current situation in Korea and compare it with that in other Asian countries, such as China and Japan.

Overlapping Stents-Assisted Coiling for Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysm : LVIS Stent within Neuroform EZ Stent

Liu, Xing-Long,Wang, Bin,Zhao, Lin-Bo,Jia, Zhen-Yu,Shi, Hai-Bin,Liu, Sheng The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2022 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.65 No.4

Objective : To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an overlapped stenting-assisted coiling technique in treating vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm (VADA) via Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) stent-within-Neuroform EZ stent. Methods : From January 2017 to June 2019, 18 consecutive patients with VADAs (ruptured : unruptured=5 : 13) were treated with the overlapping stents assisted-coiling technique in our center. The overlapping manner was a Neuroform EZ stent being deployed first, followed by LVIS stents placement using the 'shelf' technique. The patients' clinical characteristics, technical feasibility and safety, and immediate and follow-up angiographic results were retrospectively reviewed. Results : Seventeen (94.4%) procedures were technically successful with an exact deployment of the stents and patent parent or perforator arteries. The immediate angiographies after procedure confirmed Raymond class I, II, and III occlusion of VADAs were in 12 (66.7%), two (11.1%), and four cases (22.2%), respectively. Post-procedural complications developed in one patient (5.6%) with minor brainstem infarctions, which resulted from an in-stent thrombosis during the procedure. Angiographic follow-up at 5.7 months (range 3 to 9 months) demonstrated Raymond class I and II occlusion were in all cases (100%). The modified Rankin Scale scores at 21.3 months (range 15 to 42 months) 0-2 in 17 cases (94.4%) and three in one case (5.6%). Conclusion : Overlapping stents via LVIS stent-within-Neuroform EZ stent combined with coiling is safe and effective for patients with VADA in the midterm results.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for pyrrolidine-alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in a patient with situs inversus totalis and portal vein thrombus

Yu-Guan Xie,Chen Xu,Hai-Bin Shi,Sheng Liu,Wei Yang,Wei Tian,Wei-Zhong Zhou 소화기인터벤션의학회 2023 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.12 No.1

We here report a rare case of pyrrolidine-alkaloid-induced hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (PA-HSOS) complicated with situs inversus totalis and portal vein thrombus (PVT). The patient had abdominal distention and ascites, which were not responsive to conservative medical treatment or peritoneal drainage. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) was successfully performed in the patient via the left internal jugular vein approach. After the procedure, abdominal distension and ascites gradually resolved. The TIPS procedure could be considered as a useful treatment for PA-HSOS patients with PVT.

Microstructures and nano mechanical properties of the metal tungsten film

Zhu Li-na,Li Guo-lu,Wang Hai-dou,Xu Bin-shi,Zhuang Da-ming,Liu Jia-jun 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3

The W film was prepared on 1045 steel by magnetron sputtering, with the thickness of 2 ㎛, its surface and cross-section morphologies were investigated with SEM, and the phase structure was analyzed with XRD. X-ray stress determinator was utilized to measure its residual stress, and the nano-hardness and elastic modulus of the film were surveyed by nano-indentation tester. The results show that the surface of W film is very compact and smooth; the particles arranged regularly, the granularity of the thin film is about 1 ㎛. The microcracks, cavities and desquamation were not found in the film and interface, and the bonding between the W film and substrate is well. The XRD results showed that the W film had a body-centered cubic structure, the lattice constant: ɑ = 0.316 nm, the growth preferred orientations are (110) and (220). The compressive stress (-169 MPa) was found on the surface. The average nano-hardness and elastic modulus of W film are 15.22 GPa, 176.64 GPa, respectively, and the mechanical properties of W film are well. The W film was prepared on 1045 steel by magnetron sputtering, with the thickness of 2 ㎛, its surface and cross-section morphologies were investigated with SEM, and the phase structure was analyzed with XRD. X-ray stress determinator was utilized to measure its residual stress, and the nano-hardness and elastic modulus of the film were surveyed by nano-indentation tester. The results show that the surface of W film is very compact and smooth; the particles arranged regularly, the granularity of the thin film is about 1 ㎛. The microcracks, cavities and desquamation were not found in the film and interface, and the bonding between the W film and substrate is well. The XRD results showed that the W film had a body-centered cubic structure, the lattice constant: ɑ = 0.316 nm, the growth preferred orientations are (110) and (220). The compressive stress (-169 MPa) was found on the surface. The average nano-hardness and elastic modulus of W film are 15.22 GPa, 176.64 GPa, respectively, and the mechanical properties of W film are well.

Biotransformation of natural polyacetylene in red ginseng by Chaetomium globosum

Wang, Bang-Yan,Yang, Xue-Qiong,Hu, Ming,Shi, Li-Jiao,Yin, Hai-Yue,Wu, Ya-Mei,Yang, Ya-Bin,Zhou, Hao,Ding, Zhong-Tao The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.6

Background: Fermentation has been shown to improve the biological properties of plants and herbs. Specifically, fermentation causes decomposition and/or biotransformation of active metabolites into high-value products. Polyacetylenes are a class of polyketides with a pleiotropic profile of bioactivity. Methods: Column chromatography was used to isolate compounds, and extensive NMR experiments were used to determine their structures. The transformation of polyacetylene in red ginseng (RG) and the production of cazaldehyde B induced by the extract of RG were identified by TLC and HPLC analyses. Results: A new metabolite was isolated from RG fermented by Chaetomium globosum, and this new metabolite can be obtained by the biotransformation of polyacetylene in RG. Panaxytriol was found to exhibit the highest antifungal activity against C. globosum compared with other major ingredients in RG. The fungus C. globosum cultured in RG extract can metabolize panaxytriol to Metabolite A to survive, with no antifungal activity against itself. Metabolites A and B showed obvious inhibition against NO production, with ratios of 42.75 ± 1.60 and 63.95 ± 1.45% at 50 µM, respectively. A higher inhibitory rate on NO production was observed for Metabolite B than for a positive drug. Conclusion: Metabolite A is a rare example of natural polyacetylene biotransformation by microbial fermentation. This biotransformation only occurred in fermented RG. The extract of RG also stimulated the production of a new natural product, cazaldehyde B, from C. globosum. The lactone in Metabolite A can decrease the cytotoxicity, which was deemed to be the intrinsic activity of polyacetylene in ginseng.

Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A safe and effective technique

Chen Xu,Zheng-Qiang Yang,Sheng Liu,Wei Yang,Hai-Bin Shi,Wei-Zhong Zhou 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.10 No.2

Background: Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) was considered as an alternative technique for long-term enteral nutrition, and the current study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this technique in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at a single medical center. Methods: From July 2017 to October 2020, a total of 14 patients underwent PRG with ALS were included in this retrospective study with a median age of 64.0 years, and 78.6% were male. The procedure comprised a dilation of the stomach via a nasogastric catheter, followed by puncture and gastrostomy tube placement under fluoroscopic guidance. The technical success rate and clinical outcomes were recorded over 3 months following the procedure. Results: The technical success rate was 100%. During the follow-up period, minor complications were reported in 2 of patients (14.3%) including superficial skin infection and early tube block. Neither major complications nor mortality were observed. Body mass index of the patients increased significantly from 16.4 ± 2.1 kg/m2 to 17.1 ± 2.0 kg/m2 (t = –13.77; P < 0.001), and the albumin level increased significantly from 37.5 ± 2.3 g/L to 41.8 ± 1.6 g/L (t = –8.82, P < 0.001). Conclusion: PRG is a relatively safe and effective method for ALS patients, and deserves widespread clinical acceptance.

Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A safe and effective technique

Chen Xu,Zheng-Qiang Yang,Sheng Liu,Wei Yang,Hai-Bin Shi,Wei-Zhong Zhou 소화기인터벤션의학회 2021 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.10 No.2

Background: Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) was considered as an alternative technique for long-term enteral nutrition, and the current study is aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this technique in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) at a single medical center. Methods: From July 2017 to October 2020, a total of 14 patients underwent PRG with ALS were included in this retrospective study with a median age of 64.0 years, and 78.6% were male. The procedure comprised a dilation of the stomach via a nasogastric catheter, followed by puncture and gastrostomy tube placement under fluoroscopic guidance. The technical success rate and clinical outcomes were recorded over 3 months following the procedure. Results: The technical success rate was 100%. During the follow-up period, minor complications were reported in 2 of patients (14.3%) including superficial skin infection and early tube block. Neither major complications nor mortality were observed. Body mass index of the patients increased significantly from 16.4 ± 2.1 kg/m2 to 17.1 ± 2.0 kg/m2 (t = –13.77; P < 0.001), and the albumin level increased significantly from 37.5 ± 2.3 g/L to 41.8 ± 1.6 g/L (t = –8.82, P < 0.001). Conclusion: PRG is a relatively safe and effective method for ALS patients, and deserves widespread clinical acceptance.