Naringin and Naringenin Relax Rat Tracheal Smooth by Regulating BKCa Activation

Rui Shi,Jia-Wen Xu,Zi-Ting Xiao,Ruo-Fei Chen,Yi-Lin Zhang,Jia-Bi Lin,Ke-Ling Cheng,Gu-Yi Wei,Pei-Bo Li,Wen-Liang Zhou,Wei-Wei Su 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.9

Naringin and its aglycone, naringenin, occur naturally in our regular diet and traditional Chinese medicines. This study aimed to detect an effective therapeutic approach for cough variant asthma (CVA) through evaluating the relaxant effect of these two bioactive herbal monomers as antitussive and antiasthmatic on rat tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxant effect was determined by measuring muscular tension with a mechanical recording system in rat tracheal rings. Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was measured using a confocal imaging system in primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells. In rat tracheal rings, addition of both naringin and naringenin could concentration dependently relax carbachol (CCh)-evoked tonic contraction. This epithelium-independent relaxation could be suppressed by BaCl2, tetraethylammonium, and iberiotoxin (IbTX), but not by glibenclamide. After stimulating primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells by CCh or high KCl, the intracellular Ca2+ increase could be inhibited by both naringin and naringenin, respectively. This reaction was also suppressed by IbTX. These results demonstrate that both naringin and naringenin can relax tracheal smooth muscle through opening big conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, which mediates plasma membrane hyperpolarization and reduces Ca2+ influx. Our data indicate a potentially effective therapeutic approach of naringin and naringenin for CVA.

Pressure Drop Analysis and Prediction of Wind Power Stations Lubrication System Based on CFD and GRNN

Fei Yan,Lei Sun,Ziyu WANG,Rui Zhu 한국유체기계학회 2020 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.13 No.1

Low-temperature pressure drop experiments take a long time, in this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a general regression neural network (GRNN) are used to predict the pressure drop in a wind power lubrication system to serve as an alternative to experiments. The simulation results show a clear increase in the yield stress as the temperature decreases, especially under -35℃. The factors that affect the pressure of lubricating grease transport are as follows in decreasing order of importance: temperature, high-pressure pipe diameter, and flow rate. The general regression neural network can be used to effectively predict the pressure of lubricating grease transport under different conditions with a mean relative error of 8.1%.

Fabrication and Electron Field Emission of Silicon Nanowires Synthesized by Chemical Etching

Fei Zhao,Dan-dan Zhao,Shao-long Wu,Guo-an Cheng,Rui-ting Zheng 한국물리학회 2009 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.55 No.6

Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays, which were synthesized by using a Ag catalyst deposited with magnetron sputtering and an electrochemical etching process were investigated. The thickness of the Ag catalyst affects the microstructure of aligned silicon nanowire array. Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays with more uniform morphology structures were synthesized with a catalyst thickness of 40 nm on a single crystal silicon wafer at room temperature. The electron field emission data showed a lower turn-on field for silicon nanowire arrays fabricated with the electrochemical etching process. The field enhancement factor of the silicon nanowire arrays is as high as 1637. These data indicate that electrochemical etching technology is a cheap and good method for fabricating vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays for applications in field emission devices. Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays, which were synthesized by using a Ag catalyst deposited with magnetron sputtering and an electrochemical etching process were investigated. The thickness of the Ag catalyst affects the microstructure of aligned silicon nanowire array. Vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays with more uniform morphology structures were synthesized with a catalyst thickness of 40 nm on a single crystal silicon wafer at room temperature. The electron field emission data showed a lower turn-on field for silicon nanowire arrays fabricated with the electrochemical etching process. The field enhancement factor of the silicon nanowire arrays is as high as 1637. These data indicate that electrochemical etching technology is a cheap and good method for fabricating vertically aligned silicon nanowire arrays for applications in field emission devices.

Cloning and expression analysis of c-type and g-type lysozymes in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)

Fei Ke,Yun Wang,XiaoYao Cao,GaoWei Pan,Rui Geng 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.8

Lysozymes have important roles in innate immune system. Here, a c-type and a g-type lysozyme were identified from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). The deduced amino acid sequences of both lysozymes were conserved in catalytic sites and structural features as compared to their counterparts from other species. It was interesting that the g-type lysozyme possessed a signal peptide. The c-type and g-type lysozymes had the highest identity 89.4 and 76.2 % with that from channel catfish respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two lysozymes had a closely relationship with that from channel catfish and Astyanax mexicanus. Lysozymes from one order could form more than one clade in the phylogenetic tree, which indicated the gene duplications in evolution. Expression analysis with real time quantitative PCR revealed that the two lysozyme genes were constitutively expressed in all the tested tissues. The highest expression of c-type lysozyme was observed in liver, followed by spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney, while the g-type lysozyme had highest expression in intestine, followed by spleen, head kidney, and trunk kidney. The mRNA levels of both genes were all up-regulated after challenging with Aeromonas hydrophila. However, there were differences in tissues and time points when the mRNA levels reached its peak between the two lysozymes. It indicated the diversity in regulation mechanisms and detailed functions among lysozymes. Taking together, these results will benefit the understanding of yellow catfish lysozymes.

Cloning and Characterization of Ginsenoside-Hydrolyzing β-Glucosidase from Lactobacillus brevis That Transforms Ginsenosides Rb1 and F2 into Ginsenoside Rd and Compound K

( Fei-liang Zhong ),( Rui Ma ),( Mingliang Jiang ),( Wei-wei Dong ),( Jun Jiang ),( Songquan Wu ),( Donghao Li ),( Lin-hu Quan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.10

The ginsenoside-hydrolyzing β-glucosidase gene (bgy2) was cloned from Lactobacillus brevis. We expressed this gene in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), isolated the resulting protein, and then utilized the enzyme for the biotransformation of ginsenosides. The bgy2 gene contains 2,223 bp, and encodes a protein of 741 amino acids that is a member of glycosyl hydrolase family 3. β-Glucosidase (Bgy2) cleaved the outer glucose moieties of ginsenosides at the C-20 position, and the inner glucose at the C-3 position. Under optimal conditions (pH 7.0, 30˚C), we used 0.1 mg/ml Bgy2 in 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer (PBS) for enzymatic studies. In these conditions, 1.0 mg/ml ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside F2 were converted into 0.59 mg/ml ginsenoside Rd and 0.72mg/ml compound K, with molar conversion productivities of 69% and 91%, respectively. In pharmaceutical and commercial industries, this recombinant Bgy2 would be suitable for producting ginsenoside Rd and compound K.

Optimization of APE1547-catalyzed Enantioselective Transesterification of (R/S)-2-methyl-1-butanol in an Ionic Liquid

Rui Tian,Chun-Hua Yang,Xiao-Fei Wei,Er-Na Xun,Ren Wang,Shu-Gui Cao,Zhi Wang,Lei Wang 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.2

Aeropyrum pernix esterase (APE1547) was successfully used to catalyze the enantioselective transesterification of (R/S)-2-methyl-1-butanol in an ionic liquid (IL). Effects of various reaction conditions on the synthetic activity of the enzyme as well as enantioselectivity, including the type of IL, acyl donor, temperature, water activity,and substrate molar ratio were inverstigated. APE1547showed good catalytic performance (activity > 0.8 μmol/min/mg, E > 25), and the enzyme-IL mixture was recycled five times with only a slight decrease in catalytic performance.

Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by regulating miR-424-5p/MAPK14 axis

Rui Zhang,Lina Chen,Fei Huang,Xiaorong Wang,Cuihong Li 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.7

Background Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested to play critical roles in acute lung injury (ALI) pathogenesis, including lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1). Objective We aimed to further elucidate the functions and molecular mechanism of NEAT1 in ALI. Methods Human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were served as a cellular model of ALI. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and fow cytometry, respectively. The expression of NEAT1, microRNA-424-5p (miR-424-5p), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot analysis. Caspase activity was determined by caspase activity kit. The infammatory responses were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The oxidative stress factors were analyzed by corresponding kits. Results NEAT1 was upregulated in LPS-stimulated HPAEpiCs. NEAT1 knockdown weakened LPS-induced injury by inhibiting apoptosis, infammation and oxidative stress in HPAEpiCs. Moreover, miR-424-5p was a direct target of NEAT1, and its knockdown reversed the efects caused by NEAT1 knockdown in LPS-induced HPAEpiCs. Furthermore, MAPK14 was a downstream target of miR-424-5p, and its overexpression attenuated the efects of miR-424-5p on reduction of LPSinduced injury in HPAEpiCs. Besides, NEAT1 acted as a sponge of miR-424-5p to regulate MAPK14 expression. Conclusion NEAT1 knockdown alleviated LPS-induced injury of HPAEpiCs by regulating miR-424-5p/MAPK14 axis, which provided a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ALI.

Dynamic Response and Long-Term Settlement of a Compacted Loess Embankment under Moving Train Loading

Rui Wang,Zhiping Hu,Jiakuan Ma,Xiang Ren,Fangtao Li,Fei Zhang 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.11

There have been many railway construction projects in the loess region of China. Embankment is typically required for rail projects in these regions, since the railway basement is restricted by longitudinal slope requirements. However, there has been little study of the dynamic response of compacted loess embankment under moving train loading. The 2.5D finite element method was adopted to investigate this process and characterize the effects of train speed, height of embankment, and axle weight on the dynamic behavior of subgrade. A rectangular core zone of subgrade was determined, and a prediction model was established to evaluate the long-term settlement of embankment generated by moving train loading. The results showed that embankment height had negligible influence on the variation of dynamic stress. Decays of stress amplitude in both the vertical and horizontal directions slowed with increased train speed. Additionally, the dynamic stress increased linearly with the increase in axle weight due to the linear stress-strain relationship of soil. In the practical speed range (≤ 100 m/s), the dynamic influence depth increased with increasing speed in a range of 3 − 6 m. A core zone depth of 6 m reflects the effects of moving train loading, with a width of 4 m. For practical conditions (v ≤ 100 m/s), only slight settlement of embankment was observed (≤ 6 mm). However, it is difficult to achieve the same physical parameters used in the experiments (moisture content and compaction degree) in engineering practice. Further work should explore long-term dynamic settlement with relation to the degree of compaction of the embankment.

Identification of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Genes Preferentially Expressed During Infection Using In Vivo-Induced Antigen Technology (IVIAT)

Fei Zhang,Yangyi Zhang,Xintian Wen,Xiaobo Huang,Yiping Wen,Rui Wu,Qigui Yan,Yong Huang,Xiaoping Ma,Qin Zhao,Sanjie Cao 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.10

Effect of the microstructure of Ag catalysts in the fabricating process of silicon nanowires

Fei Zhao,Guo-an Cheng,Rui-ting Zheng,Le-yang Xia 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.-

In this paper, well-aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays have been directly synthesized on single crystal silicon wafer at room temperature via a simple chemical etching method, and the effect of the microstructure of Ag catalysts on the fabricating process of the silicon nanowires has been systematically investigated. The experimental results show that different microstructures of Ag catalysts have been observed with different concentration of AgNO3/HF solution for different deposition times. The diameters of Ag particles and the mean interstitial sizes among Ag particles are relatively small for a short deposition time, and some large particles are formed when the deposition time increases. A much longer deposition time caused the substrate to be covered with a large amount of Ag dendrite. It can be inferred that 4 min is a good deposition time, because of the proportioned structure of particles and interstitial size, according to our experimental results. Nanostructures of Ag catalyst also vary with a change of concentration of AgNO3/HF solution. Ag dendrite may be formed at high concentration and affect the fabrication of SiNWs. In this paper, well-aligned silicon nanowire (SiNW) arrays have been directly synthesized on single crystal silicon wafer at room temperature via a simple chemical etching method, and the effect of the microstructure of Ag catalysts on the fabricating process of the silicon nanowires has been systematically investigated. The experimental results show that different microstructures of Ag catalysts have been observed with different concentration of AgNO3/HF solution for different deposition times. The diameters of Ag particles and the mean interstitial sizes among Ag particles are relatively small for a short deposition time, and some large particles are formed when the deposition time increases. A much longer deposition time caused the substrate to be covered with a large amount of Ag dendrite. It can be inferred that 4 min is a good deposition time, because of the proportioned structure of particles and interstitial size, according to our experimental results. Nanostructures of Ag catalyst also vary with a change of concentration of AgNO3/HF solution. Ag dendrite may be formed at high concentration and affect the fabrication of SiNWs.