화학기상증착 반응기 시뮬레이션 연구

서화일,장호정,장영철,석창길,이은호,임장규 호서대학교반도체제조장비국산화 연구센터 2000 반도체 장비기술 논문집 Vol.2000 No.-

초등학교 과학 수행평가에 대한 교사의 인식

서승조,조태호,백남권,박강은,김성규,박장서 晋州敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2001 科學敎育硏究 Vol.27 No.-

The purposes of this study are to examine how Science Performance Assesment is being well conducted in elementary schools and to check the teachers' awareness through surveying the actual condition. To achieve this purpose, the author, in this study, distributed questionnaire developed by researcher under supervision of academic advisor to the elementary school teachers in Gyeongnam province. Based on the data. the research results were mainly analyzed by the statistical method using Chi-square test. The survey was consisted of questions which was designed to perceive teachers' awareness about elementary school science performance assessment. The main findings of this study are summarized as follows', 1. Elementary teacher's are doing affirmative estimation about induction of performance assessment. 2. Most teacher are recognizing performance assessment right and teachers' understanding appeared high. 3. Material development of performance assessment is recognizing that people who have opinion which is special must develop. 4. The biggest problem of performance assessment fixing is recognizing that number of persons per class are many and amount of training courses is much also with the tribe during time. 5. It was recognizing positively whether it is in class improvement of performance assessment effect. 6. Teachers had awareness that confirm studies accomplishment degree through performance assessment, or will utilize to improvement material of teaching-learning method.

온라인 아동 성착취 근절을 위한 법률개정 방안 : 국제규범과 국내 법령의 비교를 중심으로

정주은,남장현,서지혜 이화여자대학교 법학전문대학원 2020 Ewha Law Review Vol.10 No.-

온라인을 기반으로 한 아동ㆍ청소년에 대한 성착취는 아동ㆍ청소년이 쉽게 유혹되고 어른들에 의하여 발견되는 것이 어렵기 때문에 심각한 피해를 야기한다. 본 연구는 온라인 아동 성착취의 심각성을 인지하고 관련 법령의 개정 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 우선 우리나라의 아동ㆍ청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률 및 형법 등의 법제 및 현황과 문제점을 살펴보았다. 이를 기반으로 UN아동권리협약 및 제2, 제3선택의정서와 UN아동권리위원회의 권고사항 및 특별보고관의 권고, 팔레르모의정서, 란사로테협약 등 국제규범의 내용을 살펴보고, 해당 국제규범과 해외의 입법례 등과 비교하여 현행 국내 법령의 개선방안을 모색하였다. 연구를 통해 현행 국내 법령의 부적절한 용어 개선이 필요하고, 아동 최선의 이익 원칙에 의한 법 해석 및 적용을 해야 하며, 현행 형법을 활용함과 동시에 그루밍 등 새로운 개념에 대하여 법률에 규정해야 함을 발견하였다. 이와 더불어 성착취물 등에 대한 처벌을 확대하고 형량과 양형기준을 개선하여야 할 필요성도 절감하였다. 현재 국회에 계류 중인 법률개정안을 검토하여 해당 법률안에서 주목할 점과 보완할 점에 대하여 설시하였다. 보론으로는 함정수사의 도입과 제3선택의정서 비준의 필요성을 주장하였다. 이에 비추어 볼 때, 최근 일련의 사건 이후 아동ㆍ청소년의 성보호에 관한 법률이 많은 부분에서 긍정적인 방향으로 개정되었지만 보호의 대상인 아동ㆍ청소년에 대한 범죄이므로 더욱 엄중히 처벌해야할 필요필요가 있는바, 국제규범에 따라 아동ㆍ청소년의 성보호를 위한 개정이 더욱 필요함을 시사한다. Online child sexual exploitation leads to serious damage because children and juveniles are easily tempted but it is hard for adults to find the breeding ground for crime. This study was intended to recognize the seriousness of online sexual exploitation for children and juveniles and to propose the law amendment. First of all, we explored the current status and problems of the legislation, such as the Act on the Protection of Sex in children and juveniles and the Criminal Law in the Republic of Korea. We reviewed the contents of international rules such as the U.N. Convention on the Rights of the Child, the Second and Third Choice Protocol, the recommendations of the U.N. Commission on the Rights of the Child, the recommendations from the CRC and special rapporteur, the Palermo Protocol, the Lanzarote Convention. In accordance with those international rules, we sought the amendment of current domestic law. According to the study, we concluded that the inappropriate terms in the current domestic law should be modified, and the law should be interpreted and applied in accordance with the principle of the best interests of children. Also, new concepts such as ‘grooming’ should be stipulated in the law while utilizing the existing Criminal law. In addition, we were faced with the necessity of expanding punishment for sexual exploitation and improving sentencing guidelines. We reviewed the proposition which was pending in the National Assembly and suggested pros and cons. And then, we complementally argued for the institution of entrapment and the ratification of the Third Choice Protocol.

HMM/VQ에 의한 효율적인 음소인식에 관한 연구

장춘서,이기수,임은기 금오공과대학교 산업기술개발연구원 2000 産業技術開發硏究 Vol.16 No.-

In this paper, an effective phoneme recognition method for large vocabulary speech recognition system has been studied. VQ(Vector Quantization) is used as a front-end system for HMM(Hidden Markov Model) recognizer. Optimum number of phoneme classes and optimum size of code book for phoneme basis recognition environment has been proved by the result of computer simulation.

기관지 방선균증의 임상 1례

이은영,장태원,정만홍,옥철호,이규원,손창배,이지숙,신은경,서정아,백종현,김영옥 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative infection, whitch infiltrates mucosa-associated tissues. Thoracic, pelvic and cervicofacial infections of actinomyces are not uncommon, but endobronchial actinomycosis is rarely reported. We report a case of a 29 year old man who presented with a recurrent pneumonia and chronic cough. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed occlusion of the right. lower medio-basal segment bronchus with exophytic endobronchial mass. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically by demonstration of sulfur granules in the bronchoscopic biopsy of the mass. Intravenous administration of amoxacillin and clindamycin followed by oral amoxacillin and clindamycin therapy resulted in complete recovery.

조기위암의 형태학적인 분류에 따른 임파절 전이 양상

최은서,강길,박정희,장정환,김권천,김경종,민영돈 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.1

Currently, in the limited cases of early gastric cancer (EGC), endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is used for curative treatment. However, its completeness is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to review the suggested indications of EMR. We retrospectively analyzed 234 patients with EGC who underwent curative (RO) gastrectomy. The enrolled cases were further classified into mucosal and submucosal types, and mucosal EGC were further classified according to the size, gross type and histologic pattern. 133 patients had mucosal cancers and 101 patients submucosal. The overall incidence of positive lymph node was 14.1% (33/234), the incidence of mucosal cancer was 8. 3% (11/133), which was significantly lower than that of submucosal, 22% (22/101). Of 133 patients with mucosal EGC, 90 were smaller than 2㎝ in size and the incidence of lymph node metastasis was 5.6% (5/90), compared to 43 of larger than 2㎝ with the incidence of 14% (6/43). According to the gross type classification of mucosal cancer, incidence of lymph node metastasis in protruded type (EGC type Ⅰ, Ⅱa, Ⅰ+Ⅱa) was 15.4% (4/26), nat type(EGC type Ⅱb) 2. 9% (1/35), depressed type (EGC type Ⅱc, Ⅲ) 8.3% (6/72). Lymph node metastasis in differentiated type of mucosal cancer was 6.9% (5/72) and undifferentiatcd type 9.8% (6/61). In this study, there was no single indication free from lymph node metastasis, It is thought that the selection of EMR for the curative treatment of EGC should be considered carefully and more clinical studies with long-term follow up are necessary for EMR to be generally acceptable.

만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 알파2a와 리바비린 병합 치료중 발생한 벨마비 1예

김일환,장제혁,유충헌,최규남,고정해,김윤정,서광원,김지현,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영 인제대학교 2008 仁濟醫學 Vol.29 No.-

페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법은 만성 C형 간염의 일차 치료법이다. 저자들은 만성 C형 간염 환자에서 페그인터페론 과 리바비린 병합 요법 중에 발생한 벨마비 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 환자는 5년 전부터 만성 C형 간염을 앓아온 48세 남자이며, PEG-IFN α-2a 135μgm 피하주사 주1회와 하루 1200㎎의 리바비린을 투여하였다. 치료시작 후 9개월째 환자는 오른쪽 안면의 근력약화를 호소하였으며 벨마비로 진단되었다. 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합요법을 지속하면서 관찰하였다. 환자의 벨마비는 페그인터페론 치료를 중단하지 않았음에도 3개월후 증상이 회복되고 이후 벨마비 재발 없이 현재 경과관찰 중이다. 만성 C형 간염에서 페그인터페론과 리바비린 병합 요법시 벨마비의 발생 가능성을 염두에 두어야 하겠다. A Case of Bell's Palsy Associated with Combination Therapy of Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a (PEG-IFN) and Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Pegylated interferon alfa(PEG-IFN α) and ribavirin therapy is the first line treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Mild complications of the therapy are common, but more serious complications are rare. We report here a case of Bell's palsy that occurred in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection during combination therapy of PEG-IFN α-2a and ribavirin. The patient was 49-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1b) for 8 years. He had compensated liver cirrhosis with splenomegaly. Therapy with PEG-IFN α- 2a 135mcg/week and ribavirin 1200mg/day was initiated. After 9 months of the therapy, the patient showed a loss of muscular tone on the right side of his face. A diagnosis of Bell's palsy was made. The Bell's palsy resolved over 3 months despite continuation of the combination therapy.

이산화탄소로부터 올레핀 합성을 위한 혼성 촉매와 Fischer-Tropsch 합성 촉매의 비교 연구

이성철,장재훈,서은철,강민철,정석진 한국화학공학회 2003 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.41 No.1

이산화탄소로부터 메탄올을 경유하여 올레핀을 생산하는 연계 공정 대신, 이산화탄소로부터 올레핀을 직접 합성하는 일괄공정을 위하여 두 가지 촉매계를 시험하여 보았다. 즉, 메탄올 합성용 촉매와 메탄올 전환용(Methanol to Olefin process: MTO) 촉매를 혼합하여 구성된 혼성 촉매계와 종래의 Fischer-Tropsch 공정에서 사용되는 철 촉매계를 기반으로 하여 개선된 총매곌르 사용하여 보았다. 일괄 공정 중, 혼성촉매계에서는 Cu/ZnO/Al_2O_3와 Mg-La/ZSM-5로 구성된 혼성촉매가 가장 우수한 이산화탄소 전환 활성을 나타냈으나 구리에 기인한 중간세기 산점의 증대와 강산점의 소멸로 인하여 올레핀의 선택성은 미비하였다. 반면에 종래에 F-T 공정에 사용되는 철 촉매계의 경우 ZSM-5를 담체로 사용하고 특히 알칼리 금속인 K를 조촉매로 사용할 경우 CO_2흡착량을 증가시키게 되며 동시에 촉매 표면에 흡착된 Fe-C종의 결합 강도를 높여 줌으로 인하여 높은 이산화탄소 전환율과 올레핀 선택도를 확보할 수 있었다. One-step conversions of CO_2 into olefins were investigated over conventional Fischer-Tropsch synthesis(FTS) catalyst and the new hybrid catalysts. The hybird catalyst was consisted of methanol synthesis catalyst(Cu/ZnO/Al_2O_3, Cu/ZnO/ZrO_3) and methanol to olefin(MTO) catalyst(Mg-La/ZSM-5). The activity of hybrid catalytic system, which was mixed with Cu/ZnO/Al_2O_3(6:3:1 in weight ratio) and Mg-La/ZSM-5, was superior than others in terms of CO_2 conversion and total hydrocarbon yield, but olefin was not produced significantly. The reason was supposed to be caused by Cu-support interaction, which gives rise to the loss of strong Bro¨nsted acid site and consequently the medium strength acid site production. In contrary to hybrid system, the modified F-T catalytic system showed similar enhanced CO_2 conversion. However, it showed high selectivity to olefin. When ZSM-5 was used as a support for FE-K catalyst system, the selectivity of olefin was found to be increased. The addition of potassium promoters give rise to increase amount of CO_2 uptake on the surface, and the improvement of stability in adsorbed Fe-C species. Consequently, by carefully selecting the support and additives on modified F-T catalyst system, it was possible to obtain the high CO_2 hydrogenation activity as well as high olefin selectivity.

Neuropeptide γ의 구조 및 생리활성

구희정,서정길,김은희,허민도,정준기,박장수,강신원,박남규 부산대학교 유전공학연구소 1997 분자생물학 연구보 Vol.13 No.-

생리활성을 지닌 신경펩타이드의 구조와 활성간의 관계를 규명하기 위하여 고상법으로 합성한 세종류의 neuropeptide γ(mammalian-,trout- 그리고 goldfish-neuropeptide γ)를 사용하여 연구하였다. Circular dichroism spectra에 의하면 mammalian-,trout- 와 goldfish-neuropeptide γ는 완충액 조건하에 모두 random한 구조를 나타내었다. 중성 및 산성 지질 존재 하에서, mammalian-과 trout- neuropeptide γ는 여전히 random한 구조를 취하였다. 그러나, goldfish-neuropeptide γ는 중성 및 산성지질하에서 부분적으로 α-helix구조를 나타내었다. 장관 수축활성에 있어서는 carp 장관, guinea-pig 회장 그리고 rat십이지장에 대하여 비교하였다. Carp에 대해서는 goldfish-neuropeptide γ= trout- neuropeptide γ>mammalian-neuropeptide γ순으로 활서이 나타났다. 그러나, guinea-pig 회장과 rat십이지장에 대해서 mammalian-neuropeptide γ는 어류 유래성 neuropeptide g들 보다 높은 수축활성을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들은 neuropeptide γ들이 종-특이적인 활성을 나타낸다는 것을 제시한다. The relationship between structure and biological activity was studied on the three neuropeptides(mammalian-,trout- and goldfish-neuropeptide γ)that were syntheized by the solid-phase method. Circular dichroism spectra showed that mammalian-,trout- and goldfish-neuropeptide γadopted an undered structure in buffer solution. In the presence od neutral and acidic liposomes, mammalian-and trout- neuropeptide γ also took a random structure. However, goldfish-neuropeptide γ took an α-helical structure in acidic liposomes. The intestinal motility response was investigated with carp interstines, guinea-pig ileums and rat duodenums. In case of carp intestine, contractine activity was as follows:goldfish-neuropeptide γ= trout- neuropeptide γ> mammalian-neuropeptide γ. On the other hand, the contracile activity of mammalian-neuropeptide γ was more potent than trout- and goldfish-neuropeptide γ in the guinea-pig ileums and rat duodenums. these results suggest that neuropeptide γs showed the species-specific activity.

프리셉터 경험이 간호업무수행과 직무만족에 미치는 영향 연구

류언나,송혜숙,장은희,서효신,추연화,김인선,나명주,지성애,박경숙 중앙대학교 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate how preceptor experience has an effect upon preceptor nurses. This study was so designed that it could compare the difference between clinical performance and Job satisfaction of preceptor nurses and those of nonpreceptor nurses. Study subjects were sampled out from those nurses who worked with two university hospitals where preceptor programs were implemented. The number of subjects totaled to 134, including 69 preceptor nurses and 70 nonpreceptor nurses. The score of preceptor nurses' clinical performance and job satisfaction revealed a higher value than that of nonpreceptor nurses. A similar result was also shown in the subdomains. However these difference were not statistically significant. Among all of the preceptor nurses, the highest number of preceptor experience was just one time. Except for five times in preceptor experience, the more the number of times of preceptor experience, the higher score in clinical performance. It was manifested that the number of preceptor experience was not related to job satisfaction. The score of preceptor nurses' clinica1 performance and job satisfaction revealed a higher value than that of nonpreceptor nurses. A similar result was also shown in the subdomains. However these difference were not statistically significant. The reward that preceptor nurses wished most was a reduction of the work load assigned to them. Currently preceptor nurses are only receiving a small quantity of financial reward related with their preceptor role. Most of preceptor nurses (96.8%) were not satisfied with their existing reward. Almost half of the preceptor nurses(43.5%) did not want to play a role as preceptor again. The reason why the scores of clinical performance and job satisfaction were low might be attributed to the inadequate preceptor training program and reward system. Appropriate knowledge and clinical skill are expected to enhance the level of preceptor nurses' clinical performance and appropriate internal and external reward to elevate the level of preceptor nurses' Job satisfaction. Therefore, it is needed for us to develop more effective preceptor education program, financial reward, support of colleague nurses and nursing managers, and adjust workload for the purpose of more effective preceptor programs.