Nominals, Polysemy, and Co-predication

( Elisabetta Jezek ),( Chiara Melloni ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2011 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.12 No.1

In this paper, we examine the event/result meaning contrast displayed by Italian nominals derived from creation and redescription verbs, such as costruzione ``construction, building`` and traduzione ``translation.`` The goal of our research is twofold. First, we intend to verify whether the intriguing pattern of polysemy exhibited by these nominals may be analyzed as a special case of complex type, with the two constituents of the type analyzed as process and result-state, as proposed in Pustejovsky (1995). Second, we want to clarify what factors might be causing the difficulty in co-predication (i.e. simultaneous access to both subtypes, commonly regarded as the test for complex types) that these nominal typically exhibit. Results of this study can be summarized as follows: the result-state interpretation (i.e. construction as ``the state of being constructed``) appears not to be generally accessible to these nominals, and copredication appears to be licensed only under specific syntactic and semantic conditions. We claim that both behaviors follow from the inherent properties of the event associated with these nominals, which encodes a peculiar temporal relation between the subevents. Based on this insight, we propose a revised modelling of the lexical representation of creation and redescription complex nominals within Generative Lexicon (GL) theory, informed by empirical evidence. The results of our study help to provide a better understanding of the phenomenon of lexical polysemy and the interplay between aspectual and lexical properties of Action Nominals.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene expression at different stages of hypoxia-induced dormancy and upon resuscitation

Elisabetta Iona,Manuela Pardini,Alessandro Mustazzolu,Giovanni Piccaro,Roberto Nisini,Lanfranco Fattorini,Federico Giannoni 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.8

The physiology of dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis was studied in detail by examining the gene expression of 51 genes using quantitative Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction. A forty-day period of dormancy in the Wayne culture model depicted four major transcription patterns. Some sigma factors and many metabolic genes were constant, whereas genes belonging to the dormancy regulon were activated on day 9. In particular, alpha-crystallin mRNA showed more than a 1,000-fold increase compared to replicating bacilli. Genes belonging to the enduring hypoxic response were up-regulated at day 16, notably, transcription factors sigma B and E. Early genes typical of log-phase bacilli, esat-6 and fbpB, were uniformly down-regulated during dormancy. Late stages of dormancy showed a drop in gene expression likely due to a lack of substrates in anaerobic respiration as demonstrated by the transcriptional activation observed following nitrates addition. Among genes involved in nitrate metabolism, narG was strongly up-regulated by nitrates addition. Dormant bacilli responded very rapidly when exposed to oxygen and fresh medium, showing a transcriptional activation of many genes, including resuscitation-promoting factors, within one hour. Our observations extend the current knowledge on dormant M. tuberculosis gene expression and its response to nutrients and to aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Crohn’s Disease Following Rituximab Treatment for Follicular Lymphoma in a Patient with Synchronous Gastric Signet Ring Cells Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Elisabetta Cavalcanti,Raffaele Armentano,Ivan Lolli 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.4

Recently, there have been a few reports of rituximab (RTX)-induced Crohn’s disease, but there is no literature available on successful long-term treatment and the clinical outcome of this condition. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a rare case of Crohn’s disease induced by RTX administered as induction and prolonged maintenance therapy of a follicular lymphoma, diagnosed synchronously with a gastric signet ring cells carcinoma, treated at our hospital.

Micro and Nanotechnology for Early Diagnosis and Detection of Rheumatic Diseases-molecular Markers

Elisabetta Marulli,Alessandra Aloisi,Paolo Di Giuseppe,Rosaria Rinaldi 한국바이오칩학회 2016 BioChip Journal Vol.10 No.3

Cytokine proteins are known as biomarker molecules, characteristic of a disease or specific body condition. Monitoring of the cytokine pattern in body fluids contributes to the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases associated with rheumatoid factor. Here, the proinflammatory cytokine Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) was chosen as the first target of interest. We report on the development of a fast sandwich immunosorbent assay: anti-TNF-α antibody (Ab) immobilization on a pre-activated 3D micro-structured glass slide, coupled with direct fluorescence readout method. Two differently functionalized glass - Ab-immobilization substrates - were compared: O2 PLASMA/APTES activated glass - having a two-dimensional structure-, and the polystyrene (PS) beads coated glass, -having a 3D structure-. The 3D structured substrate was aimed to increase antibody anchorage sites. Then, the optimization of buffer media was carefully investigated with respect to non-specific protein binding. As a first step towards real sample analysis, a proof of principle of on/ off cytokine detection has been analyzed in the presence of human serum. High-density one-step immobilization of anti-TNF-α antibody onto nanobead-coated glass slide chip has been demonstrated to be a promising device for application in in vitro diagnostic and profiling of cytokines with potential application toward personalized therapeutic interventions.

Laboratory Investigation of the 900-km Lapland Extreme Challenge

Elisabetta Stenner,Luca Giovannella,Giorgia Raffaelli,Giorgio Delbello,Maurizio Ruscio,Roberto Verna 대한진단검사의학회 2020 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.40 No.1

Treatment of diazo dye Reactive Green 19 by anodic oxidation on a boron-doped diamond electrode

Elisabetta Petrucci,Luca Di Palma,Roberto Lavecchia,Antonio Zuorro 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.26 No.-

The anodic oxidation of diazo dye Reactive Green 19 on a boron-doped diamond electrode was investigated. A membrane-free reactor was used to evaluate the effect of chloride concentration (0–0.5 M), current density (100–500 A m2), pH (3–11) and stirring rate (250–750 rpm) on color and TOC removal. Complete decolorization was obtained in less than 30 min, whereas total mineralization was never achieved within 3 h of electrolysis. Color removal was significantly enhanced by increasing chloride concentration and, to a lesser extent, current density and stirring rate. TOC removal was positively affected by current density, pH and chloride concentration.

Targeting Epigenetic ‘Readers’ with Natural Compounds for Cancer Interception

Elisabetta Damian,Munevver N. Duran,Nivedhitha Mohan,Praveen Rajendran,Roderick H. Dashwood 대한암예방학회 2020 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.25 No.4

Natural compounds from diverse sources, including botanicals and commonly consumed foods and beverages, exert beneficial health effects via mechanisms that impact the epigenome and gene expression during disease pathogenesis. By targeting the socalled epigenetic ‘readers’, ‘writers’, and ‘erasers’, dietary phytochemicals can reverse abnormal epigenome signatures in cancer cells and preneoplastic stages. Thus, such agents provide avenues for cancer interception via prevention or treatment/therapeutic strategies. To date, much of the focus on dietary agents has been directed towards writers (e.g., histone acetyltransferases) and erasers (e.g., histone deacetylases), with less attention given to epigenetic readers (e.g., BRD proteins). The drug JQ1 was developed as a prototype epigenetic reader inhibitor, selectively targeting members of the bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family, such as BRD4. Clinical trials with JQ1 as a single agent, or in combination with standard of care therapy, revealed antitumor efficacy but not without toxicity or resistance. In pursuit of second-generation epigenetic reader inhibitors, attention has shifted to natural sources, including dietary agents that might be repurposed as ‘JQ1-like’ bioactives. This review summarizes the current status of nascent research activity focused on natural compounds as inhibitors of BET and other epigenetic ‘reader’ proteins, with a perspective on future directions and opportunities. Key Words Bromodomains, Chromodomains, Cancer prevention, Epigenetics, Natural compounds

Spontaneous Isolated Dissection of Iliac Artery Treated with Endovascular Repair: A Case Report

Elisabetta Tanda,Genadi G. Genadiev,Sara Zappadu,Gabriele De Donno,Stefano Camparini 대한혈관외과학회 2021 Vascular Specialist International Vol.37 No.4

Spontaneous isolated dissection of the iliac artery (SID-IA) is a rare pathologic condition. The predisposing factors and best treatment strategies are still being debated. We present the case of a 59-year-old male with acute right lower limb ischemia characterized by the sudden occurrence of rest pain, hypoesthesia, and paresis. Angiography showed SID-IA extending down to the femoral bifurcation. The patient had no risk factors for SID-IA; however, he survived an electrocution and had arterial hypertension at admission. Endovascular revascularization was successfully performed, with complete restoration of limb blood flow and remission of symptoms. Follow-up ultrasonography at 1 year confirmed stent patency and absence of clinical symptoms. Endovascular stenting is a good therapeutic option for symptomatic SID-IA without rupture.

全球經濟危機背景下時尙奢侈品品牌管理的地位和作用: Aeffe集團的案例分析

( Elisabetta Savelli ) 한국마케팅과학회 2011 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.2 No.3

In the last two decades, the luxury fashion industry has generated much interest and discussions among academicians and managers since it has became a consolidated economic sector in the late 1990s (Truong, McColl & Kitchen, 2009). Despite the significance of luxury fashion sector both in terms of market value and rate of growth, there are few empirical studies concerning luxury brand management (Kapferer, 2008; Okonkwo, 2007) mainly focused on specific topics such as: brand protection (Clarke & Owens, 2000; Elsemore, 2000), brand extension (Dias & Ryab, 2002; Sjodin, 2008; Stankeviciute & Hoffmann, 2010), counterfeiting (Gistri, Romani, Pace, Gabrielli & Grappi, 2009; Nia & Zaichkowsky, 2000) or luxury brand personality (Fionda & Moore, 2009; Phau & Prendergast, 2000). The same definition of luxury brand is still open for debate in the literature (Atwal & Williams, 2009). From a product perspective, luxury brands can be distinguished from non-luxury brands by product-related associations. Therefore, the essential characteristics of luxury products correspond largely to those of luxury brands. These attributes can be identified in high price, distinctiveness, exclusivity, rarity, craftsmanship and excellent quality (Kapferer, 2008; Nueno & Quelch, 1998; Phau & Prendergast, 2000). All these symbolic characteristics are covered by the emotional brand identity component which corresponds largely to the luxury brand personality (Aaker, 1997; Phau & Prendergast, 2000; Sweeney & Brandon, 2006). In any case, the strategic importance of brand as an intangible asset on which strategic development and competitiveness of luxury fashion firms is based is widely recognized (Okonkwo, 2007; Vickers & Renand, 2003). Firstly, because luxury fashion goods differs from necessary or ordinary goods by some essential attributes (price, quality, rarity, etc.) that can be well expressed by the brand identity and its symbolic personality (Aaker, 1997; Kapferer, 2008; Kemp, 1998; Mason, 1992; Sweeney & Brandon, 2006). Secondly, the functional benefits of many luxury fashion goods are becoming increasingly equivalent, exchangeable and simply to imitate. This strengthens the brand`s power of identification and highlights the importance to invest substantially in brand building in order to maintain a stronger competitive position (Okonkwo, 2009). Today the luxury fashion sector has been hit seriously by the global economic crisis (Kapferer & Bastien, 2009; Yeoman, 2011). This last one, together with other structural changes involving the sector in the last years (both in the supply and demand side), leads to a very uncertain environment that improves the importance of some competitive factors such as innovation, time to market and customer service. With reference to luxury-brand management, despite the lack of studies and empirical researches, we observe two parallel (and partially opposite) trends. In the demand side, changes in consumer behavior together with the new austerity attitude spreading over the last three years tend to decrease the brands customers` attention and interest. Consumers are rethinking their spending priorities putting less attention to the aspirational values of luxury brands and more attention to the exclusive features of the luxury products (Kapferer & Bastien, 2009; Yeoman, 2011). In the supply side, there is a growing competitiveness and a decreasing availability of financial resources that limits the R&D investments so strengthening the strategic relevance of brand that becomes one of the main intangible assets on which the competitive advantage and the value creation of a luxury fashion firm can be based (Degen, 2009; Kapferer & Bastien, 2009; Yeoman, 2011). Starting from these assertions, the aim of the paper is that to analyze what luxury fashion firms can do in order to increase the effectiveness of the brand investment (as it is fundamental for their economic survival and long term competitive advantage) and regain the customers` brand attention. The study firstly proposes a literature background which discusses the potential effects of world economic crisis on luxury brand management assuming a wide perspective of analysis that considers the crisis-phenomenon among the main changes interesting the luxury sector both in the demand side and the supply side during the last years. Secondly, the case of a famous Italian luxury fashion firm is analyzed in-depth: Aeffe Group. The empirical study is based on the qualitative case-study approach. It has been carried out by face-to-face interviews to the Aeffe Marketing Managers and a review of the Group`s archival documentations and publications. It highlights some managerial implication that could interest other firms operating in similar contexts. In particular, we put attention on three interrelated brand management`s critical dimensions that could assist luxury fashion firms in order to increase the effectiveness of brand investment and regain the customers` brand attention. - Focusing on core brands, putting more attention to products and processes` quality in order to strenghten the main values of the brand identity. - Managing the composition of brand-portfolio in order to face the emerging customers needs and values. This requires continuous innovation and new product development. -Developing a more managerial approach in brand management, less influenced by the mere creativity of the stylists. This involves the implementation of an organizing model based on commitment and wide sharing of firms` values strategies and objectives aimed at supporting the creative process; a more careful management of the communication activity and of the retail (because of its strategic role in brand identity`s communication) and a very careful management of the license agreements, largely widespread in the luxury fashion market.

Comment on “A stepwise approach to fine needle aspiration cytology of lymph nodes”

Elisabetta Maffei,Valeria Ciliberti,Pio Zeppa,Alessandro Caputo 대한병리학회 2024 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.58 No.1