근위부 내경동맥 폐쇄의 뇌졸중과 측부 순환 양상

강동화,조용진,노재규 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

흉선 종양과 관련된 중증근무력증의 임상적 특성

강동화,김호진,김지수,이근호,이광우 대한신경과학회 1998 대한신경과학회지 Vol.16 No.4

발효과채음료 starter용으로 분리한 효모의 동정과 특성연구

정동선,임경화 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1999 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.11 No.-

과채젖산발효액의 풍미 개선을 위하여 방향생성 효모를 원료 혼합액에서 분리하여 동정하고, 최적발효조건과 발효특성을 조사하였다. 분리된 효모는 저온(4℃) 및 혐기적 조건에서 생육을 하며 방향성을 부여해 주는 효모로서 형태학적, 배양학적 특성 및 생리학적 특성을 조사한 결과, Saccharomyces dairensis로 동정되었다. 분리된 효모를 과채발효음료용 starter균주로 활용하기 위한 최적조건을 조사한 결과, 과채흔합액을 젖산발효시킨 후 효모를 접종하고, 효모의 접종농도는 0.1% (v/v)로서 4℃의 저온에서 후발효시킨 시험구의 풍미가 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 효모를 첨가하여 후발효시킨 과채발효액의 유기산 함량은 효모 무첨가구에 비해 lactate, malate 함량은 변화가 거의 없었으나, citrate는 감소하였고, succinate는 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 발효액의 휘발성 화합물을 GC-MS를 이용하여 분석한 결과, 효모에 의한 후발효를 수행한 발효액은 과일향을 내는 alcohol과 ester화합물을 비롯한 각종 휘발성 화합물을 많이 함유한 것으로 확인되었다. To improve flavour characteristics of fruit & wegetable boverages fermented by lactic acid bacteria, flavour-producing yeast was isolated from raw materials and used as a starter culture for post fermentation of fruit & vegetable beverages. The isolated strain was identified as Saccharomyces dairensis, and can grow at low temperature and produce flavour compounds under anaerobic condition. The optimum condition for improving flavour of beverages was carrying out post-fermentation by yeast at 4℃, followed by lactic acid fermentation of fruit & vegelable mixture. The amounts of lactate and malate were not significantly changed in broth post-fermemed by yeast. However, citrate was reduced, whereas succinate was increased. Volatile compounds of the post-fermented broth were analysed by GC-MS, and alcohols and esters were detected much more in broth post-fermented by yeast than in broth without yeast culture. Therefore, it is proposed that the isolated strain, Sacch. dairensis, can produce aroma compounds during post-fermentation and may improve flavour of the beverages fermented by lactic acid bacreria.

禪宗의 所依經에 대하여

金東華 동국대학교 1965 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

고등학교 평준화 정책에 대한 학교장의 인식에 관한 연구

徐廷華,金東熙 弘益大學校 敎育硏究所 2000 敎育硏究論叢 Vol.- No.17

가네트를 활용한 고강도콘크리트의 고온수열 후 잔존압축강도특성

김동익,윤요현,박정민,김화중 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

The study which it describes the high concrete which industrial by-product used garnet powder was quality of residual strength after heating. The test unit water content 160kg/m', water reunion ratio did with 30%, 35% and the aggregate ratio is 40%, 42%, 44%, displacement ratio admixture is 0%, 10%, 20%. Admixture garnet powder, fly ash, blast-furnace slag and it was compared with the residual strength of concrete after was heated to normal temperature, 50℃,100℃, 150℃, 200℃, 350℃, 500℃, 600℃, 800℃.With this test was got the next conclusion. To previously 350℃, the weight reduction was not big, it was visible the weight reduction which was sudden from 350℃, and it showed the aspect which also the compressive strength reduction is identical. It compared with admixture nothing replacement concrete, garnet replacement concrete relatively weight reduction and compressive reduction appeared small. Like this tendency recording where the replacement ratio will be increased the tendency which appeared relative small.

인플레이션 期待下의 貨弊需要

李鐘和,孫東辰 湖西大學校工業技術硏究所 1985 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Milton Friedman argued that physical goods should be regarded as a substitute for money and that higher expected rates of inflation should induce a portfolio shift from money to physical assets. As Friedman has derived his equation, the demand for real balances is a function of the expected rate of inflation in addition to nominal interest rates and real income. A number of empirical studies for different countries have shown that the anticipated rate of inflation has an independent direct effect on the demand for money, other than via interest rates. But in Korea, there are few studies about the role of expected rate of inflation in the demand for money. The purpose of this paper is to test the significance of the sorted-out independent effect of the expected rate of inflation on real balances and to suggest more appropriate monetary policy in such country suffering high inflation as Korea. In this paper a real partial adjustment mechanism of money demand is assumed. And the expected rate of inflation is estimated by the stochastic time series model(ARIMA model). According to the evidence of this paper, the expected rate of inflation exerts significant influences upon money holdings, while nominal rate fo interest has little explanatory power in money demand function. This confirms the fact that nominal rate of interest has been under the strict government control and has not reflected the opportunity cost of money holdings in Korea. These results suggest that monetary authority should control money supply more carefully in Korea, where everyone has inflationary expectations. In further studies particular emphasis should be given on the mechanism of price expectations formation associated with the appropriate specification of the money demand function and the correct forecast of the effect of monetary policy.

각종 난치성 혈액 질환에서의 비혈연간 골수이식

김동욱,한훈,김정아,김희제,민창기,엄현석,최정현,이종욱,한치화,홍영선,최일봉,신완식,민우성,김학기,김춘추,김원일,김동집 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1997 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.2 No.1

목적: 비혈연간 골수이식은 혈연내에 적절한 골수공여자가 없는 만성골수성백혈병, 고위험군의 급성별혁병, 면역억제치료에 실패한 재생불량성빈혈 및 각종 난치성 조혈모세포질환의 완치를 위한 표준적인 치료방법으로 정착되고 있다. 혈연간 표준적인 동종 이식에 비하여 비혈연간 이식시에는 생착부전, 이식편대숙주반응과 감염이 더 빈번하게 발생하며, 국내에서는 아직까지 체계적인 임상연구결과가 보고된 바 없었다. 이에 본 센터에서는 1995년 10월 이후로 약 20개월간 26예의 비혈연간 골수이식을 시행하였으며 3개월 이상의 추적관찰이 가능하여 이식초기 합병증의 관찰 및 분석이 가능하였던 20예의 환자를 대상으로 이식성적 및 문제점을 보고함으로써 새롭게 확대되고 있는 이 분야의 임상연구 및 진료의 활성화를 꾀하고자 한다. 방법: 각종 혈액 종양질환으로 비혈연간 이식을 시행한 총 26예의 환자중 3개월이상의 추적관찰이 가능하였던 20예를 대상으로 후향적으로 임상경과를 분석한 후 생존 분석을 시행하였고, 환자의 연령, 성별, 질병의 상태, 조식 적합 항원의 일치정도, 이식편대 숙주 반응의 유무와 생존기간과의 상관관계를 살펴보았다. 또한 표준위험군과 고위험군으로 나누어 생존율을 비교하였고 이식과 관계된 생착 부전, 이식편대숙주반응, 감염의 발생과 양상 그리고 그 합병증을 관찰하였다. 결과: 1. 환자와 공여자간에 HLA 불일치가 20예 중 4예에서 있었으며, 생착여부의 확인이 가능했던 17예 중 16예에서 생착이 확인되어 94.1%의 생착율을 보였다. 2. 급성이식편대숙주반응은 62.5%(10/16예)에서 발생하였으며 111도 이상의 급성의 이식편대숙주 반응은 25%(4/16예)에서 발생하였다. 만성이식편대숙주반응은 40%(2/5예)의 환자에서 발생하였으며 이들 모두 국소형으로 중증의 진행형 만성이식편대숙주반응이 관찰된 환자는 없었다. 3. 호흡기 합병증은 10예(50%)에서 발생하였으며 감염성 폐렴을 포함한 호흡기 합병증이 가장 흔한 일차적인 사망 원인이었다. 호흡기 합병증이 발생했던 10예중 6예가 감염에 의한 폐렴이 의심되었고 나머지 4예는 특발성 간질성 폐렴이었다. 4. 8.5개월의 중앙추적기간 중 35%의 생존율을 관찰할 수 있었고, 생존기간은0.5개월에서 15개월 (중앙치:4개월)이었다. 한편 고위험군은 25%(3/12예), 표준위험군은 50%(4/8)의 생존율을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 가장 흔한 사망 원인은 감염성 폐렴을 포함한 호흡기 합병증(6예)이었고, 이외의 사망 원인으로는 급성 이식편대숙주반응과 다장기부전이 각각 2예, 생착 부전, 간정맥 폐쇄, 그리고 재발이 각각 1예였다. Unrelated bone marrow transplantation(UBMT) has been increasingly recognized as the standard treatment for cure of chronic myelogenous leukemia, high risk acute leukemia, aplastic failed on immunotherapy, and the variety of refractory hematologic diseases in patients lacking a related donor. However, as compared to HLA identical sibing transplantation, UBMT carries higher incidence of graft failure, graft versus host disease(GVHD), and infection. In our center, 26 patients underwent UMBT between October 1995 and June 1997. The minimum follow-up of 3 months was possible in 20 patients, for whom early complications and clinical outcomes were assessed. The median age of the 20 patients was 24 years. 8 patients had standard risk disease and 12 patients had high risk disease. All patients received various preparative regimens including total body irradiation according to disease and disease status. 19 patients received CsA + short course MTX for GVHD prophylaxis. One patient received marrow that was depleted of T cells ex vivo using avidinbiotin column. The class I loci were typed by serological methods and HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DRB1. 3 additional pairs were one minor mismatched at the HLA-B locus. Another one patients was one major mismatched at the DRBI alleles. 17 patients were evaluable for engraftment. Successful enfraftment was confirmed in 16 patients(94.1%). Only one patient who was performed one major DRBI mismatched transplants experienced graft rejection. 16 patients were evaluable for acute GVHD. The overall incidence of acute GVHD developed in 4 patients(25%). Five patients were evaluable for the development of Ⅳ acute GVHD developed in 4 patients (25%). Five patients were evaluanle for the development of chronic GVHD. 2 patients(40%) developed limited chronic GVHD. Respiratory complications including pulmonary infection developed in 10 patients(50%) and these complications were the most common primary cause of death. Of these 10patients, 6 had pneumonia due to fungus(4 patients), pacterial (1 patient), and CMV infection (1 patient) and 4(20%) had idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis and/or adult respiratory distress syndrome. The duration of median follow- up was 8.5 months and 7 of 20 patients(35%) are alive at the time of this analysis with survival duration of 0.5 to 15 months(median survival duration: 4 months). The overall survival was 25% (3/12 patients) in high risk group and 50%(4/8 patients) in standard group. From these results, we can predict that the incidence and severity of GVHD in Korea are lesser than multiracial countries and the long-term survival of patients with standard risk disease can approach that of HLA matched sibling transplants. For the past two years, the performance of UBMT has been rapidly increasing and it will be possible to analyze much larger number of patients soon in Korea. In the future the problems of graft failure, GVHD, and infection due to long lasting immunocompromised status will need to be overcome by continued medical research. In addition, the volunteer donor pool will have to be expanded by the promotion of the national awareness of its need.

敎育改革에 따른 學事管理의 效率的 方案

金東奭,徐廷華 弘益大學校 1984 弘大論叢 Vol.16 No.1

This study aims at identifying pending problems of university operation affairs with a special reference to the graduation quota system and exploring future policy directions and tasks. In order to accomplish this purpose, previous studies were reviewed and a survey was conducted. The policy directions and tasks for the improvement are as follows: Policy directions 1. The basic skeleton of the graduation quota system should be maintained and gradually fixated. 2. A self-regulating area and atmosphere should be enlarged on the part of the university. 3. Quality control of each university should be strengthened. Policy measures 1. The unit of graduation quota system should be based on the total quota of each university. 2. Special consideration for leaving without finishing courses is required. 3. The opportunities for special admission and transfer to another departments must be opened. 4. Student evaluation should be an objective basis mixed with subjective style. 5. Disciplinary measures and staying in the same grade system should be fixed. 6. The leaving out ratio of each grade should take into account quality, finance, and natural leaving out ratio etc. 7. Expansion of opportunity for early graduation. 8. Revision of entrance examination system taking into account participation and autonomy of each university.

사과피분말 첨가식이가 성장기 흰쥐의 체내 지질대사에 미치는 영향

김인화,신동순 慶南大學校 附設 基礎科學硏究所 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

본 연구는 성장기 흰쥐에게 사과피 분말로 공급된 식이섬유소의 수준이 체내 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 살펴봄으로써 식이섬유소 섭취의 적정수준을 제시하고자 시도되었다. 평균 체중 133.6g의 Sprague-Dawley종 흰쥐를 대조군(0%)과 2.5%, 5% 및 10% 사과피 공급군으로 분류하여 4주간 사육하였다. 대조군과 비교할 때, 사과피 공급군들의 식이 섭취량은 많고 체중 증가량은 낮아서, 사과피 공급군의 식이효율은 전반적으로 대조군보다 낮았으며 특히 5% 공급군의 식이효율이 가장 낮았다. 정소상체 지방조직의 무게는 모든 사과피 공급군들이 대조군보다 낮아서, 최소한 2.5% 사과피 공급군에서도 지방축적에 대한 억제 효과가 있음을 보여주었다. LDL-콜레스테롤(c)농도는 5% 사과피 공급군에서 유의적으로 낮았으며, HDL-c농도는 5%, 10% 공급군에서 대조군보다 높아서 동맥경화지수는 사과피의 공급수준이 높아질수록 낮았다. 결론적으로 5% 미만의 사과피 공급 수준으로 장기 성장에 영향을 주지않고 지방축적 억제효과를 유도할 수 있었으며, 5% 이상의 사과피 공급 수준으로 혈액 지질성분의 농도를 변화시킬 수 있었다. This study was conducted to confirm the optimal level of dietary fiber for lipid metabolism in growing animals fed with the diet mixed with the apple peel powder as fiber sources. The Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 133.6g in initial average, were used for 4 weeks. The rats were divided into four groups of the control group(0%), 2.5%, 5% and 10% apple peel group. The results were as follows : The rats of all three apple peel groups consumed more food than the control, but their weights were less. The FER of 5% apple peel group was significantly lower than the control. The weights of epididymal fat pad in all apple peel groups were much less than the control. The serum concentration of LDL -cholesterol (c) in 5% apple peel group were significantly lower and of HDL-c in 5% and 10% group were higher compared to the control. Therefore the more the intake of apple peel powder was, the lower the atherogenic index(AI) was. In conclusion it was showed that the diet of more than 5% apple peel fiber improved the serum lipid profile but that of less than 5% apple peel fiber could be able to prevent the body fat accumulation without any effect on the FER and organ growth in young animals.