Polyacrylonitrile-Cu(Ⅱ) Complex의 형성과 촉매활성 및 전기전도성에 관한 연구

송해영,김동철,맹기석,이신영 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The PAN-Cu (Ⅱ) and Al(Ⅲ) complexes were most stable in the pH range from 9 to 11. The viscosity of the PAN-Cu (Ⅱ) complex was lower than that of PAN-Al(Ⅲ)complex because the conformation of the former is more compact than that of latter. The catalytic activity of PAN-Cu (Ⅱ) complex in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide was increased with an increase of complex concentration and reaction time. The PAN-Cu (Ⅱ) complex exhibited electrical resistivity around 10⁴Ω·cm when modified iodine in acetone. The electrical resistivity was significantly affected by the amount of added cupric chloride, iodine and results were satisfactorily obtained by adding more than 20wt % of cupric chloride and about 1.0wt% iodine.

스케일이 있는 급수관내의 유도초음파의 전파 특성에 관한 연구

송성진,김영환,이동훈,이현동,배철호,박정훈 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.23 No.1

배관 내의 스케일은 통수비를 감소시키므로 배관을 적절히 관리하기 위해서는 스케일량에 대한 정량적인 평가가 필수적이다. 상수도 급수관내의 스케일량을 평가하기 위해서 유도초음파를 사용하였다. 가변각 웻지를 사용하여 유도 초음파의 여러 모드를 발생시키고, 노후 배관을 따라서 전파하는 특성을 분석하였다. 실험적으로 관내의 스케일이 증가함에 따라서 f×d=1.5㎒·㎜인 경우에 F(M,2) 모드들의 진폭이 크게 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과로 상수도 급수관의 스케일량 평가에 적합한 유도 초음파는 F(M,2) 모드들임을 알 수 있었다. Since the scale in pipes reduces the flow rate, a quantitative evaluation of the scale is essential for the proper maintenance of pipes. Guided waves were employed to estimate the amount of scale in water supplying pipes. Using variable angle wedge, several modes of guided waves were generated and their propagation charcteristics along the pipes with scale were analyzed. It was experimentally observed that the amplitude of F(M,2) modes at f×d=1.5㎒·㎜ decreased significantly with increasing amount of scale. The present study showed that F(M,2) modes were optimal to evaluate the scale in water supplying pipes.

정신과를 방문하는 환자의 통증호소의 빈도 및 특성

송지영,박진철,박종학,오동재,손형석,정근재 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.6

연구목적: 정신과 방문 환자에서 통증 호소는 적지 않을 것이라고 알려져 있으나 국내에서 정신과 외래 환자의 통증 관련 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 정신과 외래에 오는 환자들에서 통증의 빈도와 특성을 1,2,3차 의료기관에서 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 1차 의료기관(개인정신과의원) 외래환자 298명, 2차 의료기관(종합병원) 정신과 외래환자 99명, 3차 의료기관(대학병원) 정신과 외래환자 446명으로 총 843명의 성인 남녀를 대상으로 이들이 정신과에 방문했을 당시의 통증 여부와 조사 당시의 통증 유무 및 현재 통증의 정도를 평가하였다. 그리고 기질적 원인의 여부, 만성 통증의 여부, 통증의 부위, 통증 악화 요인, 보상문제의 유무, 약물 투여 내용 등을 조사하였다. 결 과: 1) 전체 대상자 843명 중 통증이 동반되었던 환자의 비율은 41.3%였으며, 기관별로 보면 개인의원 44.9%, 종합병원 44.5%, 대학병원 38.1%였다. 2) 조사 당시에 통증을 갖고 있는 경우는 3개 기관에서 평균 24.1%였다. 통증의 정도는 VAS상 평균 46.7㎜였으며 개인의원에서 대학병원에 비해 의미있게 그 정도가 심했다. 또한 `강하다` 이상의 통증 정도를 호소한 경우는 34.0%, `괴롭다` 이상의 불쾌정도를 표현한 경우는 26.2%였다. 3) 통증이 있었던 환자 중 기질성이 뚜렷한 경우는 적었으며(1.5∼5.9%), 통증의 부위는 머리가 50.9%로 가장 많았다. 통증의 지속기간은 6개월 이상인 만성통증의 경우가 68.7%를 차지했다. 4) 주요 약물로는 항불안제가 41.4%로 가장 많이 사용되고 있었으며, 통증과 관련하여 진통제를 처방받는 환자는 3.2%에 불과하였다. 결 론: 정신과 외래를 방문하는 환자들의 통증의 특성은 의료기관에 따라 인구통계학적 차이 뿐만 아니라 진단분포도 다르므로 3기관을 직접 비교하기에는 무리가 있으나, 본 연구 조사 결과 정신과 외래를 방문하는 환자들 중에서 40% 이상이 통증을 경험하고 있으며 2/3이상은 만성 통증이라 할 수 있었다. 이들은 중등도 이상의 통증을 갖고 있으며 당장 통증을 해결해 주어야 할 숫자도 적지 않았다. 따라서 정신과 환자의 통증에 대한 평가와 관리가 앞으로 더욱 강조되어야 할 필요가 있다고 사료된다. Objectives: The purposes of this study were to investigate the frequency and clinical characteristics of pain among the psychiatric out-patients in three clinics. Methods: A Total of 843 psychiatric adult out-patients(298 subjects from a private clinic, 99 subjects from a general hospital, 446 subjects from a university hospital) were assessed for the presence of pain during OPD follow-up and at the time assessed. And, the presence of organic causes, duration and site of pain, aggravating factors, compensation problems, and prescribed drugs were also investigated. Results: 1) The frequency of pain among psychiatric out-patients was overall 41.3%(44.9% in private clinic, 44.5% in general hospital, and 38.1% in university hospital, respectively). 2) The frequency of pain at the time assessed was 24.1%. In severity of pain, the average of VAS was 46.7±18.0㎜. Patients of private clinic showed more severe pain than that of general hospital. Moreover, patients who experienced over `marked` occupied 34.0% and pain as over `distressed` occupied 26.2%. 3) Only a few subjects had the definite organic causes(1.5-5.9%). The most common site of pain was on head. The patients having a pain over 6 months(i.e. chronic pain) occupied 68.7%. 4) The most common drugs prescribed were anxiolytics; 41.4% of patients were prescribed. The analgesics were prescribed only in 3.2% of patients. Conclusion: This result revealed that more than 40% of patients experienced pain in psychiatric OPD and two third of patients were suffered from chronic pain. Therefore, the evaluation and management of pain should be more emphasized.

Mossbauer 分光法과 選擇的 抽出方法에 의한 濟州島 土壤에서의 酸化鐵의 特性 究明

宋寬哲,姜東佑,金斗哲,高正大,洪性樂 濟州大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1997 基礎科學硏究 Vol.10 No.1

濟州島의 8개 代表土壤을 對象으로 하여 X-線 螢光分析, X-線 回折 分析, oxalate와 dithionite-citrate를 사용한 選擇的 抽出方法 및 Mossbauer 分光法으로 一次鑛物, ferrihydrite, 結晶質 酸化鐵의 種類, 含量 및 非磁性 Al이온의 置煥程度에 대하여 考察하였다. 1. X-線 螢光 分析에 의한 濟州島 8개 土壤統의 酸化鐵(Fe₂O₃) 含量은 噴石口 토양인 松岳統에서 18.21%로 가장 높았고 논토양인 大靜統에서 8.03%로 가장 낮았다. 2. X-線 回折 分析 結果 8개 土壤統 모두에서 ferrihydrite와 結晶質 goethite의 回折 피크는 나타나지 않았지만, 結晶質 hematite는 松岳統, 舊巖統 및 黑岳統에서 檢出할 수 있었다. 3. 선택적 침출방법으로 측정한 ferrihydrite 含量은 흑색토인 松堂과 吐坪統, 농암갈색의 분석구 토양인 柑山統 및 갈색삼림토인 黑岳統에서 20.9-35.2g/㎏으로 높았고, 논토양인 大靜統에서 0.85g/㎏으로 가장 낮았다. 結晶質 酸化鐵 含量인 Fed-Feo 含量 松岳統에서 28.7g/㎏으로 가장 높았고 黑岳統에서 7.6g/㎏으로 가장 낮았다. 4. 濟州島 8개 土壤統에 함유되어 있는 常磁性 Fe³+ 鑛物들은 化學造成이 거의 같은 ferrihydrite, 超常磁性 goethite, 층형 硅酸鑒粘土鑛物로서 柑山統에서 그 含量이 가장 높았고 松岳統에서 가장 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 常磁性 Fe²+ 一次鑛物은 柑山統과 黑岳統에서 olivine, illite의 含量이 優勢하였으나 그 외 土壤에서는 小量의 chlorite, augite, biotite, hornblende 등이 含有되어 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 5. 18K에서 측정된 超微細磁氣場값으로 부터 大靜統에서는 미세한 goethite 만이 含有되어 있는 것으로 確認되었고, 그외 7개 土壤에서는 입자 크기가 작은(∼180Å) 結晶質 hematite와 goethite이 것으로 分析되었다. 6. 濟州島 8개 土壤統에 함유되어 있는 酸化鐵의 구조에서 Fe³+와 非磁性 Al³+이 相堂量 部分 置煥되었음을 確認할 수 있었다. Iron oxide compounds in 8 selected Cheju Island soil samples have been analized by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF), X-ray diffractometry(XRD), selected chemical techniques, and Mossbauer spectroscopy. The result of this analysis by XRF shows that the rate of quantity of Fe₂O₃ in 8 soil samples was from 8.03wt.%(Daejeong paddy soil ) to 18.21wt.%(Songag soils). Songag, Heugag and Gueom soils were detected to have lower peaks of intensity of hematite by XRD. In addition, these soils were not detected to have hematite and goethite peaks. Ferrihydrite, which is a short-range-order mineral commonly present in volcanic ash soil, was not detected by XRD due to low concentration and/or poor cristallinity. Ferrihydrite contents estimated from Feo values were 8.8∼35.2g/㎏ for volcanic ash soils and 0.85g/㎏ for the Daejeong soil. Most of the soil samples represented by the paramagnetic Fe³+ doublet obtained from Mossbauer spectra at room temperature and 18K were considered to arise from the presence of ferrihydrite, superparamagnetic goethite, and silicate minerals. Also the paramagnetic Fe²+ doublets are attributable to primary minerals such as olivine, illite, chlorite, augite, biotite, and hornblende. Goethite and hematite were identified as the dominant crystalline iron oxides in these soils from Mossbauer spectra obtained at room temperature and 18K. All the soil samples exhibited strong superparamagnetic relaxation. Collapse of the Mossbauer magnetic hyperfine splitting at room temperature was due to the small size(∼180Å) of the oxide particles and/or Al-subsituted goethite.

호중구감소증 환자에서의 기관-기관지 아스페르길루스증 1예

권재철,송명준,김기조,오유경,김성용,박선희,최수미,이동건,이석,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.1

저자들은 급성 림프구성 백혈병 환자에서 항암치료 후 호중구감소증이 지속되는 상태에서 침습성 아스페르길루스증의 드문 형태인 치명적인 아스페르길루스 기관기관지염을 경험하고 문헌고찰과 함께 증례를 보고하는 바이다. Tracheobronchial aspergillosis is an uncommon clinical form of invasive aspergillosis, particularly found in patients with AIDS and in lung transplant recipients than in other immunocompromised patients. The rapidity of the disease progression can result in fatal airway obstruction in a short period of time that the patient may need emergency tracheostomy without knowing the cause of the obstruction. We describe a case of fatal tracheobronchial aspergillosis which developed in a 43-year-old female patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Dyspnea and stridor developed on the 20th day after 2nd consolidation chemotherapy, which was during the prolonged neutropenic period. Airway narrowing was observed on the computed tomograph scan of neck and emergency tracheostomy was performed. Infiltration with aspergillus hyphae was found in the tracheal ring and bronchial mucosa. Despite the use of amphotericin B, the patient died of bleeding and airway obstruction.

만성 요통근로자의 능동적 운동프로그램 효과

허진강,송재철,노영만,박동식,양영애,김윤신 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

목적: 본 연구는 만성 요통근로자의 세 가지 능동적 운동프로그램 효과에 관한 연구로서 능동적 운동이 요추의 안정성 향상에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시도되었다. 방법: 3개월 이상 만성요통을 호소하는 64명의 근로자대상으로 무작위로 일반적인 물리치료그룹, 요추 운동그룹, 흉추 운동그룹, 세 그룹으로 나누었다. 능동적 운동 프로그램은 주 3회, 6개월 동안 실시하였으며, 통증강도, Oswestry 장애지수, 양손을 머리위로 최대한 올려 높이 측정, 요추부 경사각도를 평가하였다. 모든 대상자들은 연구 전, 연구 후 2주, 3개월, 6개월을 같은 측정방법으로 재평가하였다. 결과: 통증강도는 세 그룹 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. Oswestry 장애지수는 연구 후 6개월에서 세 그룹 간의 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 요추운동그룹과 흉추운동그룹이 일반적인 물리치료그룹에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 양손을 머리위로 최대한 올려 높이측정은 연구 후 3개월과 6개월에서 세 그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 연구 후 6개월에서는 흉추운동그룹이 일반적인 물리치료그룹과 요추운동그룹에 비하여 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 요추부 경사각도는 연구 후 2주와 3개월, 6개월에서 세 그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 연구 후 6개월에서는 흉추운동그룹이 일반적인 물리치료그룹과 요추운동그룹에 비하여 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 결론: 3개월 이상 만성 요통을 호소하는 근로자 대상으로 흉추의 운동성 증가를 위한 운동프로그램을 적용하여 흉추의 운동성을 증가시킨 결과에서 보면, 2주 시행하였을 때 요추의 신전 운동프로그램 보다 요추의 안정성 향상에 효과적이며, 6개월 시행하였을 때만, 요추의 심부근 근력강화 운동프로그램보다 요추의 안정성 향상에 효과적이었다. Oswestry 장애지수는 요추의 심부근 근력강화 운동프로그램과 동일하게 감소하였고, 통증강도는 세 그룹 모두 2주 시행하였을 때 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Objective: To examine the relative efficacy of three active exercise programs for work-related, chronic low back pain, and to observe to what extent the programs affected the mechanical stability of the lumbar region. Methods: The subjects were 64 employees who were randomly divided into three groups to match the three active exercise programs which were performed 3 times a week for 6 months. All subjects were assessed with the same measurements at a pre-study examination, and then were reassessed at 2 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the study. Results: The pain intensity didn' t show any significant difference among the three groups. However, the Oswestry Disability Index showed significant differences among the three groups at 6 months and the lumbar and thoracic exercise groups showed significant decreases compared to the general physiotherapy group (p<0.05). Maximal stretching with both hands in the overhead direction showed a significant difference among the three groups at 3 months and 6 months, and the thoracic exercise group at 6 months showed a significant increase in overhead stretching compared to the lumbar exercise and general physiotherapy groups (p<0.05). The lumbar region angle of inclination showed significant differences among the three groups at 2 weeks, 3 months and 6 months, with the thoracic exercise group being decreased significantly more than the lumbar exercise and general physiotherapy groups at 6 months (p<0.05). Conclusions: Exercise aimed at increasing thoracic mobility has an effect on lumbar stability. Furthermore, it is far more effective for lumbar stabilization than general physiotherapy and deep muscle strengthening lumbar exercise.

아크릴로니트릴-4비닐피리딘 공중합체의 전기 전도성에 관한 연구

전재완,송해영,김동철,이래연 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.2

Conducting Polymer was obtained by the modification of PAN4VP-Cu(Ⅱ) complex with iodine in acetone. The properties such as morphology, IR-spectrum, thermal degradation, catalytic activity, moisture regain, dye adsorption, tensile strength and favorable conditions for preparing the conducting polymer complex were investigated. Electrical conductivity was measured by changing the concentration of cupric salts and reation time. The experimental results are as follows: 1) The pH condition for the formation of PAN4VP complex was in the range from 10 to 11. 2) The morphology of PAN4VP-Cu(Ⅱ) complex and Cu S-PAN4VP was more compact than that of PAN4VP. 3) The catalytic activity of PAN4VP-Cu(Ⅱ) complex in dicomposition of hydrogen peroxide was affected by concentration of CuCl₂and reaction time, and was increased with their rises. 4) Maximum value of electrical condustivity of PAN4VP-Cu(Ⅱ) complex was 5.5×10Ω㎝ When modified with iodine in acetone, and that of CuxS-PAN4VP was 1.2×10Ω㎝ at the 40g/ℓ concentration of cupric sulfate. 5) Moisture regain of Cu S-PAN4VP was decreased by the introducing of Cu S, but dye adsorption was not decreased.

PPG와 MDI를 이용한 Polyurethane Ionomer의 합성과 전기전도성에 관한 연구

맹기석,송해영,김동철,백중현 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1988 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.3 No.1

Hydroxyl-terminated polyether polyurethanes based on 4,4′-diphenyldiisocyanate(MDI), N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA) and polypropylene glycol-2,000(PPG) were synthesized with constant level of hard segment. The tertiaryamine of MDEA was sulfonated with r-propane sultone thereby converting the polyether polyurethane to a polymeric Zwitterion. Electrically conducting polyurethane ionomer film was prepared by introducing copper sulfate. The CuxS-induced electrical conducting of polyurethane ionomer film was higher by order 10⁴ than that of the original film. The morphology of CuxS-induced PU, PUI film surface was investigated with SEM.

구리이온을 도입한 Acrylonitrile-Acrylic Acid계 공중합체의 도전성에 관한 연구

손원근,맹기석,김동철,송해영 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1987 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.2 No.2

The AN-AA copolymer-Cu(Ⅱ) and Amidated AN-AA copolymer-Cu(Ⅱ) complex were the most stable in the pH range of 9. The morphology of Cu(Ⅱ) complex and CuxS-induced had changed into compact form. The thermal stability for Cu(Ⅱ) complex and CuxS-induced had been determined through DTA and TGA measurement. As result, it has been observed that thermal stability for Cu(Ⅱ) complex were stabilized less than that of copolymer. The Cu(Ⅱ) complex exhibited surface resistivity around 10Ω㎝ when modified iodine in acetone. The resistivity was significantly affected by the amounts of added cupric chloride, iodine and results were statisfactorily obtained by adding more than 20wt% of Cupric chloride and about 1.0wt% iodine. The optimum condition for the introducing of CuxS was at the CuSO₄concentration of 30g/ℓ and the reaction time of 3hrs. The CuxS-induced electrical conductivity of copolymer was higher by order of 10 than that of the Cu(Ⅱ) complex.

요통과 비만과의 상관성에 관한 연구

박상동,이아람,황종순,손성철,송인광,김경호,Park, Sang-dong,Lee, A-ram,Hwang, Jong-soon,Son, Seong-cheol,Song, In-kwang,Kim, Kyung-ho 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the Obesity and the prevalence of LBP. Methods: From February 2001 to April 2001 we studied body composition, Body Mass Index, Basal Metabolic Rate, Obesity Degree, Waist Hip Ratio, percent body fat and muscular form of 40 patients with LBP and 40 patients with Internal disease, who visited Dong-Guk University Bundang Hospital by using Inbody 3.0. Results: 1. Sexual ratio in this study is 1:4(male:female). 2. Fluid, protein, mineral mass and BMR in patients with LBP are lower than those in patients with Internal disease, but percent body, WHR and obesity degree with LBP are higher than those in patients with Internal disease. 3. LBP prevalence is shown to rise with increasing WHR. 4. LBP prevalence is shown to rise with decreasing BMR. Conclusions: Patients with LBP are obeser than patients with Internal disease. LBP prevalence is shown to rise with increasing WHR in statistics. But LBP prevalence is shown to rise with decreasing BMR in statistics.