자궁경부 상피내병변에서 HPV와 p53 단백의 변화에 대한 면역조직화학적 소견

기근홍,황철기,신향미 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1

Background and Objectives : p53 is a tumor suppressor gene. Loss of function of the p53 tumor suppressor gene implicated in a wide variety of human tumors. Many mechanisms are involved in p53 dysfunction. One of the mechanisms is binding of oncogenic virus such as human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV infection are strongly linked to the development of cervical neoplasia including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) of uterine cervix The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between aberrant p53 expression and presence of HPV DNA in CIN of the uterine cervix. Materials and Methods : In the present study, the author analyzed 35 cases of paraffin-embedded CIN, including 10 cases of grade 1, 10 cases of grade Ⅱ, and 15 cases of grade Ⅲ CIN by the immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Results : Overall positive rate of HPV DNA type 16 and type 18 was 74.3% (26 cases) and 65,7% (23 cases), respectively. Nuclear accumulation of p53 was found in 22 cases (62.9%) of all CIN. In negative cases of HPV DNA type 16, the p53 was positive in 18 cases and negative in 8 cases. In positive cases of HPV DNA type 18, the p53 was positive in 16 cases and negative in 7 cases. In negative cases of HPV DNA type 16, the pS5 was positive in 6 cases and negative in 6cases. Conclusion : This results suggest that HPV infection may contribute to the DNA damage associated with the accumulation of aberrant p53 protein, and then closely relate to the progression of cervical neoplasms. But, alteration of p53 Protein levels and presence of HPY DNA was not an exclusive markers of cervical tumorigenesis.

남북한 군축의 방향과 과제

李鐵基 동국대학교 지역개발대학원 1998 開發論叢 Vol.7 No.-

In this thesis I have studied Shakespeare's ideal kingship represented in henry Ⅳ, Part Ⅰ&Ⅱ and Henry Ⅴ. The central image in these plays is a composite figure which Shakespeare builds up gradually through the series of the history plays from henry Ⅳ to henry Ⅴ is an appointed symbol of an ideal king, and the action of the play is directed to show him doing everything that the age expected of the perfect king. With his unflawed, hereditary title he possesses almost all the kingly attributes. with his glorious practical virtues, courage, integrity, modesty, leadership, sense of responsibility, and a through knowledge of human nature, Henry Ⅴ is indeed the ideal of the king who surely attains a great success. But we sense something lacking in this practical hero in his successful political action. The lack of humanity in Henry Ⅴ is revealed in the relation with Falstaff, and the bloody-minded action at the war. Henry proves that political success is dependent on the repudiation of all human values, and what is good in the world of politics, is entirely unrelated to and generally the opposite of what makes for goodness in the moral life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of Shakespeare's ideal kingship. The conclusion is that Shakespeare, suggesting the limitations of successful politic king, reflects his uneasiness with the values of a purely political world.

위암의 진행에 따른 Fas관련 아포프토시스 유도의 상관성

임성철,황철기,오서진 조선대학교 부설 의학연구소 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.1

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study is to determine whether human gastric adenocarcinomas express Fas-L, sFas-L or Fas , whether serum sFas-L leyel is changed in gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy, whether Fas-L expression is associated with increased apoptotic induction, especially, tumor-infiltrating Iymphocytes(TIL) and whether apoptotic induction is associated with the tumor stage and histologic type. Materials and Methods : The author analysed 38 cases of early gastric carcinoma(EGC) and 61 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma (AGC) which received gastric resection from 1997 to 1998. Of them, the number of diffuse type is 38 cases and the number of intestinal type is 61 cases. The author used immunohistochemical staining for Fas, Fas L and CD45, TACS^TM in situ apoptosis detection kit, and sFas ligand ELISA kit. Results : Fas-L was localized to neoplastic cells in 23 cases (23/38; 61%) of EGC group and 40cases (40/61; 66%) of AGC group. The extent of Fas-L expression was variable, with both Fas-L was localized to neoplastic cells in 23 cases (23/38; 61%) of EGC group and 40 cases(40/61; 66%) of group. The extent of Fas-L expression was variable, with both FasL-positive and negative neoplastic region cccuring within. TIL were detected by co-expression of CD4S and TACS on serial histologic sections. TIL adjacent to Fas-L erxressing tumor regions were decreased in number and TIL adjacent to FasL-negative tumor regions were increased in number; apoptotic induction of TIL showed the opposite pattern (p<05). Fas expression was found essentially homogeneously throughout the tumor mass independent of tumor stage. Fas expression showed 39 cases (39/61; 64%) of intestinal type and 26 cases (26/38; 68%) of diffuse type. Labeling indces for tumoral apoptosis in EGC and AGC were 6.72% and 7.13%, respectively and this difference was statistically insignificant. Co-expression of Fas-L and Fas, which occurred over large areas of the tumors, did not result in an enhanced rate of tumor cell apoptosis. The mean serum sFas-L level was significantly higher in patients before treatment compared with controls, whereas in post-gastrectomy patients, it was significantly lower, In addition, tumor stage and other prognostic factors were not associated with Fas and Fas-L expression, serum sFas-L level, number of TIL and apoptotic induction. Conclusion: 'The author demonstrates a statistically significant reduction of TIL concomitant with significantly increased TIL apoptosis adjacent to FasL-expressing regions of gastric adenocarcinomas. Also an elevated level of ·serum sFas-L in the gastric adenocarcinoma group was noted. These findings suggest Fas-mediated apoptotic depletion of TIL in response to Fas-L expression by stomach cancers, and provide the evidence to support the Fas counter-attack as a mechanism of immune escape in gastric cancer. And These findings indicate that the serum sFas-L level is a useful indicator in evaluating postoperative follow-up. In addition, gastric carcinoma cells of the intestinal and diffuse type did not differ in their expression of the Fas-apoptotic system.

퍼지 전문가시스템에 의한 PID제어기의 자동조정

李起常,金鉉哲,朴泰建 단국대학교 1994 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

A high performance auto-tuning PID control system for the process with unknown or time-varying parameters is proposed. The proposed control system consists of the conventional PID controller, the relay feedback scheme for initial tuning and the fuzzy expert system for auto-tuning of PID Control gains. The rule base, the core of the expert system, is extracted from the wills' tuning map and the fuzzy inference engine is adopted for effective gain tuning. The simulation results show that the PID control system with the fuzzy expert system provides superior control performance to that of Litt.

Cu-Al-Ni 합금에 있어서 시효에 따른 감쇠능의 변화

조현기,박철규 경북대학교 산업기술연구소 1987 産業技術硏究誌 Vol.14 No.-

The effects of ageing on specific damping capacity in Cu-Al-Ni alloy were carried out by the torsional pendulum testing method with the computer system. The critical range of the reverse martensitic transformation was checked by measuring adiabatic scanning calorimeter and the microstructure was observed by the optical microscope. The extent of specific damping capacity in the region of the reverse martensitic transformation increases with the amount of matrix and martensitic interface. The peak of specific damping capacity appears when the amount of martensites becomes 50% The peak of specific damping capacity decreases according to ageing due to the stabilization of martensites and the decreasing rate of specific damping capacity increases. Specific damping capacity depends on the strain amplitude and non-elastic additional strain is hysteresis type. The high level of specific damping capacity found in Cu-Al-Ni alloy is most likely to due to the reversible movement of interfacial and twin boundaries on exposure to alternating stresses.

징병 신체검사에서 나타난 청소년기 추간반탈출증의 유병률과 임상적 특징 : A Study Based on Examinations for Conscription

홍창기,박철기,박형천,윤승환 대한척추신경외과학회 2004 Neurospine Vol.1 No.1

Objective: The authors analyzed the large series of intervertebral disc herniation in adolescence to evaluate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and possible risk factors on the basis of the data from the examinations for conscription. Material and Methods: Of 77685 nineteen-old-males who were given an examination for conscription at Regional Military Manpower Administration of Seoul in 2002, 382 patients exempted from conscription due to intervertebral disc herniation were analyzed. The diagnosis were made from the medical certificate, medical record, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)(or computed tomography(CT)) which examinee presented and confirmed with the aid of reexamination of CT. Radiological char cteristics and severity of intervertebral disc herniation as well as structural abnormalities of vertebral columns were carefully evaluated with CT scan and MRI scan. Possible risk factors like overweight, structural abnormality of vertebral column, trauma were analyzed statistically using one-sample T-test and chi - square test on the assumption that P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: Prevalence of intervertebral disc herniation in adolescence aged nineteen years and younger were 0.5%. L4-5 level was the most frequently affected site followed by L5-S1. Of all 382 patients of intervertebral disc herniation, 29% were considered serious with reference to radiological evidence of root compression or siginificant discogenic spinal stenosis. Limbus fracture was found in 6.8% of patients. Overweight was the significant risk factor of the disease(p=0.0). However, neither structural abnormality of vertebral column nor trauma showed any relation to pathogenesis of intervertebral disc herniation. Conclusion: In adolescence aged nineteen years and younger, the prevalence of intervertebral disc herniation was 0.5% and accompanying limbus fracture was more frequent when compared with adult. Overweight was the only significant risk factor of the disease.

3성분계 콘크리트의 압축강도와 등가재령 관계에 관한 실험적 연구

나철성,윤종기,장종호,길배수,남재현,김무한 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

Activation energy has different value according to cement, admixture and water-cement ratio. Also the relation of age-temperature is as non-linear as activation energy value is large. Therefore to make accurate explanation for the effect of temperature on concrete strength development properties, it is necessary for activation energy value to explain in the maturity function. This study compares and estimates equivalent age used activation energy value that obtained by this experiment and Freiesleben activation energy value with compressive strength of concrete. As the result of this study, activation energy value obtained by this study has more accurate explanation temperature's influence about concrete strength development than Freiesleben activation energy value.

사고음 인식에 의한 교차로 교통사고 감지

김병철,박기현,한민홍 한국경영과학회 2001 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1(2)

This paper presents the detection-method of a traffic accident at a crossroads by the recognition of crash-sound. For the detection of crash-sound, the FFT algorithm is used and found characters of crash-sound. The result of using FFT algorithm is that crash-sound has a higher frequency than noise of roads. Then the using that result. We can detect the crush sound and know when the accident happen exactly. This method will be used the development of vision- blackbox.

Two Stage 발효에 의한 고산도 식초 생산

이영철,이금용,김형찬,박기범,유익제,안평욱,최춘언,손세형 한국산업미생물학회 1992 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.20 No.6

산업적으로 산도 17.0% 이상의 고산도 식초를 생산하기 위하여 반연속식인 1st stage와 유가식인 2nd stage로 구성된 two stage 초산 발효를 온도 30 ℃, 교반속도 600 rpm, 통기량 0.1 vvm에서 실시하였다. 1st stage에서 초기 에탄올 농도를 50.0 g/ℓ, 잔류 에탄올 농도를 5.0 g/ℓ로 정하여 반연속적으로 초산발효를 하고, 2nd stage 에서 발효시간의 경과에 따라 에탄올을 유가식으로 첨가하여 초산발효액내의 에탄올 농도를 5.0 g/ℓ에서 10.0 g/ℓ로 유지했을 때 산도가 17.6%인 고산도 식초를 생산할 수 있었으며, 또한 이 ??의 최대 초산 생산성은 3.3 g/ℓ·hr였다. The production of vinegar containing 16.0 ∼18.0% of acetic acid was examined in two stage fermentation consisting of semi-continuous and fed-batch type. The optimum conditions were obtained when the fermentation was carried out at agitation of 600 rpm, aeration of 0.1 vvm and temperature of 30℃. The initial and residual ethanol concentration in 1st stage were 50.0 g/ℓ and 5.0 g/ℓ, respectively, and the ethanol concentration in 2nd stage was maintained from 5.0 to 10.0 g/ℓ. The maximum productivity was 3.3 g/ℓ-hr and the acidity was 17.6% after the two days of acetic acid fermentation.

한반도 군비통제 및 군축 : 각종 국제레짐과의 연결 및 활용

이철기(李鐵基) 한국전략문제연구소 2000 전략연구 Vol.7 No.2

The Korean Peninsula, despite the collapse of the Cold War on a global scale, still remains the last remant of the Cold War. North and South Korea have maintained hostile relations and military tension, and have continued to race armaments. Therefore our impending tasks and missions are the dissolution of Cold War system and the establishment of a permanent peace regime on the Korean Peninsula. In Particular it is very important to the end of arms race and the achievment of disarmament on the Korean peninsula. It is impossible to maintain peace and to attain unification without military confidence-building and disarmament between the two Koreas. North and South Korea agreed already on the some principles of the arms control and disarmament by "Agreement on Reconciliation, Non-aggression and Exchanges and Cooperation between the South and the North(Basic Agreement)" and "Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula" which was concluded in 1992. The Articles 12 of "Basic Agreement" provides that the two sides shall discuss and carry out steps to build military confidence and realize disarmament by 'South-North Joint Military Commission' And the two Koreas promise not to test, manufacture, produce, receive, possess, store, deploy or use nuclear weapons, and to use nuclear energy solely for peaceful purposes in "Joint Declaration of the Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula" Meanwhile the United Nations system which play the role of the central forum international community and international arms control and disarmament agreements form "international arms control and disarmament regimes". Those regimes provide the important standards and contexts for the arms control and disarmament on the Korean Peninsula as well as is worthy to utilize for it. The international arms control and disarmament regimes are as follows: UN General Assembly and the organs which deals with disarmament, UN Register of Conventional Arms, Conference on disarmament in Geneva (CD), Non-Proliferation Treaty(NPT), Chemical Weapons Convention(CWC), Biological Weapons Convention(BWC), Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) and Ottawa Convention, and Missile Technology Control Regime(MTCR). In this context, the main purpose of this paper is to examine a way of the linkage with and utilization of international regimes for the arms control and disarmament on the Korean Peninsula, and to research also the possibility and conditions of utilizing those regimes. In order to attain this goals, I will study to utilize UN system as means to realize the conventional arms control and disarmament, prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons by NPT, exterminate chemical and biological weapons by CWC and BWC, prohibit anti-personnel mines by CCW and Ottawa Convention, and regulate missiles by MTCR. Among the international arms control and disarmament regimes, NPT, BWC and CD are acceded by North and South Korea together. While South Korea alone join in CWC and UN Register of Conventional Arms, all two Koreas take part in CCW, Ottawa Convention and MTCR. Taking account of UN membership of North and South Korea, we can think about utilization of the machinery which deals with disarmament within the UN framework. But it is. undesirable that the special matters of the Korea Peninsula is dealt with within UN system. It will bring about internationalization of the Korean. problems and cause unnecessary exhaustive contention and confrontation-diplomacy between the two Koreas. UN system, despite limitations like that, must contribute to arms control and disarmament on the Korean Peninsula. CD which is the sole multilateral forum for disarmament negotiation in international community can serve to give international universality upon arms control and disarmament on Korean Peninsula. Also It is possible to secure the transparency of attack arms transfer by UN Register of Conventional Arms. International regimes like CWC and BWC can be utilize as a useful means to prohibit chemical and biological weapons on the Korean Peninsula. CWC is the first disarmament agreement negotiated within a multilateral framework that provides for the elimination of an entire category of weapons of mass destruction under universally applied international control. It has the effective and powerful verification regime like the challenge inspections which allows each State Party to have an international inspection conducted at any facility or location in any other State Party without right of refusal at short notice. South Korea have announced intention to join CCW Protocol Ⅱ, but rejected accession to Ottawa Convention for military confrontation between the two koreas and usefulness of anti-personnel mines in DMZ. South Korea must, however, take part in Ottawa Convention for a huge wave of international public opinion against landmines. Their military utility has been increasingly questioned. Ottawa Convention provide that each party undertakes to destroy all its stockpiled anti-personnel mines as soon as possible but not later that four years the entry into force of the convention for that state party. Each party also undertakes to destroy all anti-personnel mines in mined areas under its judisdiction or control not later than 10 years after the entry into force of the convention. The aims of the MTCR is to restrict the proliferation of missiles, unmanned air vehicles, and related technology for those systems capable of carrying a 500kg payload at least 300km, as well as systems intended for the delivery of weapons of mass destruction(WMD). Rigorous application of MTCR Guidelines to the Korean peninsula can bring about many problems and obstacles. Therefore in order to utilize MTCR for missile control on the Korean Peninsula, a set of conditions must be met. It is necessary to assure North Korea' Security and to establish the fair and universal standard for missile control in the Northeast Asia. Research and development of rocket for peaceful purposer like space programs shall be protected In Conclusion, international arms control and disarmament regimes is worthy of utilization for the arms control and disarmament on the Korean Peninsula. First, International regimes contribute to grant the international universality and legitimacy on inter-Korean arms control and disarmament. second, It can offer the objectives, universal standard and framework in process of negotiation and implementation for the arms control and disarmament on the Korean Peninsula. Third, It must play a role of reinforcement and strengthening the arms control and disarmament regimes on the Korean Peninsula through the support and security assurance of powers on it.