젖산나트륨 첨가와 젖산 침지가 비엔나 소세지의 품질 및 관능상에 미치는 영향

김영환,박구부,진상근,신택순,박범영,김영직 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.4

This study was conduct to investigate the interactive effects of sodium lactate addition and lactic acid dipping on the shelf life of Vienna sausage. Three kinds of Vienna sausages were macwfacaured as the control (addition of potassium sorbate and dipping in fumaric acid solution), treatment A(addition of sodium lactate and dipping in fumaric acid solution) and treatment B(addition of sodium lactate and dipping in lactic acid). They were divided into two groups and one group was stored at 5℃ for 6 weeks and the other one at 20℃ for 4 weeks. The physico-chemical properties of sausages were exanuned during the storage time. $quot;Ihe results are summarized as follows: 1. At both storage temperatures, lactic acid contents of treatment A and B were significantly (P$lt;0.05) higher than that of control. As storage period passed, it was significantly (P$lt;0.05) decreased in all treatments. Also, the decreasing rates of control and at 20℃ were higher than those of treatment A, B and at 5℃. 2. Jelly strength was low in the order of control, treatment A and B at both storage temperatures. Jelly strengths of control and treatment A were higher at the end of the storage compared to at the initial stage of the storage but treatment B was lower. It was lower at 30℃ than at 5℃. 3. At both storage temperatures, treatment B and control showed significantly (P$lt;0.05) higher $quot;L$quot; value than that of treatment A but lower $quot;a$quot; value, $quot;b$quot; value was decreased in the order of control, treatment A and B. $quot;L$quot; and $quot;a$quot; value were significantly (P$lt;0.05) decreased with storage period in all treatments but $quot;b$quot; value showed a increasing tendency. Treatment B showed intense discoloration compared to other treatments at 20℃. 4. In sensory panel score, there was a difference between control and treatment B and the difference was more obvious at 20℃ than at 5℃. From the results mentioned so far, it was shown that, treatment A maintained similar product quality to control at both storage temperatures white treatment B only at 5℃.

비정질 (Fe1-x Co x) 80 B20 합금의 결정화 과정에 대한 속도론적 연구

김택기,김윤배,오병현 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1985 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The thermal stability for the amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20) alloys has been studied systematically through DTA, X-ray diffraction pattern and the electrical resistance change response to temperature and time variations. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The crystallization temperature of amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20) alloy is independent of the concentration of Co and it is about 710˚K. 2) The crystallization process of amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20) alloy occurs in two steps; In the composition range of 0.1≤x≤0.5, amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20)→α phase (Fe, Co; bcc)+Fe₃B(bct) →α phase (Fe, Co; bcc)+Fe₂B(fct)+Co₂B(fct), and in the composition of x = 0.6 amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20)→α phase (Fe, Co; bcc) +Fe₃B(bct)+Co₃B(fct) →αphase (Fe, Co; bcc)+Fe₂B(fct)+Co₂B(fct), and in the composition of x = 0.7 amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20)→αphase (Fe, Co; bcc) +Co₃B(fco)→αphase (Fe, Co; bcc)+Fe₂B(fct)+Co₂B(fct) 3) The crystallization of amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20) is the diffusion-controlled nucleation and growth process, and the crystallization activation energy of amorphous (Fe_(l-x)Co_x)_(80)B_(20) alloy is independent of the composition of Co and it is about 70㎉/mole.

Adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assay-guided chemotherapy in unresectable colorectal liver metastasis

Hur, H,Kim, N K,Kim, H G,Min, B S,Lee, K Y,Shin, S J,Cheon, J H,Choi, S H Nature Publishing Group 2012 The British journal of cancer Vol.106 No.1

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assay (ATP-CRA)-guided neoadjuvant chemotherapy for increasing resectability in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastasis.</P><P><B>Patients and methods:</B></P><P>Patients were randomised into two groups: Group A was treated by conventional chemotherapy regimen and Group B was treated by chemotherapy regimen according to the ATP-CRA. Three chemotherapeutic agents (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin and irinotecan) were tested by ATP-CRA and more sensitive agents were selected. Either FOLFOX or FOLFIRI was administered. Between Group A and B, treatment response and resectability were compared.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Between November 2008 and October 2010, a total 63 patients were randomised to Group A (<I>N</I>=32) or Group B (<I>N</I>=31). FOLFOX was more preferred in Group A than in Group B (26 out of 32 (81.3%) <I>vs</I> 20 out of 31 (64.5%)). Group B showed better treatment response than Group A (48.4% <I>vs</I> 21.9%, <I>P</I>=0.027). The resectability of hepatic lesion was higher in Group B (35.5% <I>vs</I> 12.5%, <I>P</I>=0.032). Mean duration from chemotherapy onset to the time of liver resection was 11 cycles (range 4–12) in Group A and 8 cycles (range 8–16) in Group B.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>This study showed that tailored-chemotherapy based on ATP-CRA could improve the treatment response and resectability in initially unresectable colorectal liver metastasis.</P>

棚素施肥水準과 刈取管理가 Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)의 生育과 收量및 飼料價値에 미치는 영향

金雲植,文相鎬,全炳台,李相武 建國大學校 附設 自然科學硏究所 1991 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.2 No.-

本 實驗은 硼砂施肥水準과 刈取管理가 알팔파의 生育과 收量 및 飼料價値에 미치는 影響을 糾明하여 실질적인 栽培技術과 利用性提高를 目的으로 硼砂施肥水準(0,15,60Kg/ha)을 主區로 하고 生育段階를 細區로(Bud, 10% bloom, 100% bloom)하여 1989년 3월∼1990년 9월까지 建國大學校 自然科學大學 附屬 實習農場內 試料圃場에서 실시한 바, 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 草長에 있어서 硼砂施肥의 效果는 나타나지 않았으나, 初年度의 1, 2次 刈取와 2次 年度의 1次 刈取에서 生育이 진행됨에 따라 높게 나타났다. 2. 硼砂施肥에 따른 B??·B₁·B₂區의 收量에는 有意差가 없었으며, 生育이 진행됨에 따라 乾物收量은 높게 나타나 有意性이 (p<0.01, 0.05) 인정되었다. 3. 粗蛋白質 및 NDF, ADF 成分에 대한 硼砂 影響은 없었으며 生育이 진행됨에 따라 粗蛋白質含量은 떨어지고 NDF, ADF含量은 높아졌다. 4. 硼砂施肥에 의한 粗蛋白質收量은 有意差가 없었으며, 生育이 진행됨에 따라 粗蛋白質收量은 높게 나타나 그 有意性이 (p<0.05) 인정되었다. 5. 硼砂施肥에 따른 嗜好性은 B??·B₁·B₂區가 같은 傾向을 보였으며, 生育段階에 따른 嗜好性은 많은 차이를 보여 初年度의 1次 刈取時 Bud >10% bloom >100% bloom期 순으로 높게 나타났다. The purpose of the experiment was carried out to determine the effects of boron application and cutting management on the growth, yield and feeding value for the purpose of practical culture and utilization techniques. The trial was performed at different borax application level(main treatments ; 0, 15, 30kg/ha) and growth stage(sub treatments : Bud, 10% bloom and 100% bloom stage) from 1989 to 1990 in experimental field college of Natural Science, Kon Kuk University. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. The effect of borax application in the plant length was shown, but plant length in the first and second cutting time of the first year and first cutting time of the second year after sown was high by the progression of growth. 2. There was not significant among main treatments(B??·B₁·B₂)in dry matter yield, but was shown significantly high (p<0.01, 0.05) by the progression of growth in first cutting time. 3. The content of chemical composition, NDF and ADF were not affected by boron application, and content of crude protein was decreased and those of curde fiber, NDF and ADF were increased by the progression of growht in first cutting time. 4. There was not significant among main treatments(B??·B₁·B₂) in crude protein yield but was significant (p<0.05) by the progression of growth in first cutting time. 5. There was not significant among main treatments(B??·B₁·B₂) in palatability, but palatability by growth stage was the highest at bud stage in first cutting time of first year after sown.

200 GeV/핵자 유황이온과 핵건판핵의 충돌에 의해 생성된 헬륨 파쇄핵의 극한파쇄 연구

김동철,송진섭,윤천실,정성헌,박인곤,김종오,김철수,김태연,이승희,조재희,천병구,김재률,김준원,김태익,박명렬,장한일,임인택 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

고에너지 중이온 원자핵과 핵건판의 충돌에서, 200GeV/핵자 유황이온에 의해 생성된 파쇄 헬륨핵(Z=2)의 실험실계의 방출각 분포는 표적핵에 무관한 회귀공식. dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)]로 잘 표현된다. 여기에서 의사신속도 η=-ln[tan(θ/2)]이고, y_b는 실험실계의 입사입자(^32S)의 신속도이다. 이 공식에 의한 적합에서 k=-0.057±0.008로 얻어진다. 즉, 핵건판과 고에너지 중이온의 충돌에서 파쇄 헬륨핵의 exp(η-y_b)의 분포는 "극한파쇄" 현상을 잘 설명하고 있다. The angular distribution of emission angle θ of helium (Z=2) produced in the collisions of incident particles of 200 GeV/nucleon ^32S in nuclear emulsion is well expressed by dN=exp[a+k exp(η-y_b)]d[exp(η-y_b)] where the pseudorapidity is η=-ln[tan(θ/2)], the laboratory system primary rapidity is y_b, and k=-0.057+0.008. The shape of this frequency of occurrence distributions in terms of exp(η-y_b) attests to the validity of the concept of "limiting fragmentation" for helium projectile fragments produced in the projectile fragmentation regions of heavy ion collisions in nuclear emulsion.

Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis spores in Korean rice: Prevalence and toxin production as affected by production area and degree of milling

Kim, B.,Bang, J.,Kim, H.,Kim, Y.,Kim, B.s.,Beuchat, L.R.,Ryu, J.H. Academic Press 2014 FOOD MICROBIOLOGY Vol.42 No.-

We determined the prevalence of and toxin production by Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis in Korean rice as affected by production area and degree of milling. Rough rice was collected from 64 farms in 22 agricultural areas and polished to produce brown and white rice. In total, rice samples were broadly contaminated with B. cereus spores, with no effect of production area. The prevalence and counts of B. cereus spores declined as milling progressed. Frequencies of hemolysin BL (HBL) production by isolates were significantly (P @? 0.01) reduced as milling progressed. This pattern corresponded with the presence of genes encoding the diarrheal enterotoxins. The frequency of B. cereus isolates positive for hblC, hblD, or nheB genes decreased as milling progressed. Because most B. cereus isolates from rice samples contained six enterotoxin genes, we concluded that B. cereus in rice produced in Korea is predominantly of the diarrheagenic type. The prevalence of B. thuringiensis in rice was significantly lower than that of B. cereus and not correlated with production area. All B. thuringiensis isolates were of the diarrheagenic type. This study provides information useful for predicting safety risks associated with B. cereus and B. thuringiensis in rough and processed Korean rice.

1998년 분리된 이질균의 역학적 특성

이복권,강연호,김성한,유재연,전정훈 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-

국내 감염성질환 병원체의 성상분석을 통한 표준실험실 체계 구축(Ⅱ) : 장내바이러스와 B형간염바이러스 국내 분리주의 성상분석(1)

윤재득,지영미,김기순,천두성,안정배,정윤석,신수연,이선화,이지원,조해월 국립보건연구원 2000 국립보건원보 Vol.37 No.-

反芻胃 Celluloytic Bacteria에 의한 섬유소 분해 및 비구조 탄수화물의 이용성에 관한 硏究

민병렬,김범석,맹원재 건국대학교 동물자원연구센터 1991 動物資源硏究誌 Vol.16 No.-

본 실험은 반추위내에 존재하는 주요한 cellulolytic bacteria를 選擇 및 非選擇培地를 사용하여 면양의 rumen내에 존재하는 celluloytic bacteria를 사용하여 纖維素 分解菌 각각의 纖維素源의 分解度, 비구조 탄수화물의 이용성 및 휘발성 지방산의 생성량을 측정하였다. 본 실험결과를 요약해 보면 다음과 같다. 1) In vitro상에서 Corn stover, alfalfa, rice straw 및 filterpaper No.1등의 섬유소원에 대한 R.flavefaciens의 평균 DM 소화율은 10.75%로 가장 높은 소화율을 나타내었으며, B.succinogenes, Buty. fibrisolvens 및 B. ruminicola subsp. 등은 각각 8.20%, 5.66% 및 2.5%의 DM소화율을 나타내었다.(p<0.05). 2) 섬유소원에서의 평균 microbial dry cell生成量은 R.flavefaciens. B.succinogenes, Buty.fibrisolvens 및 B.rumminicola subsp. 등이 각각 11.4, 4.47, 6.38 및 1.13mg/100ml를 가장 높은 미생물 cell의 생성량을 나타내었다. 3) ADF 및 NDF 평균 소화율은 R.flavefaciens가 가장 높았으며(23.61% 및 39.87%), B.succinogenses는 각각 11.16% 및 35.91%의 분해도를 나타내었다. Buty. fibrisolvens는 16.82% 및 24.34%로서 가장 낮은 분해도를 나타내었다. CEllulose消化率은 B.succinogenes가 14.43%로 R.flavefaciens(11.11%)보다 높은 분해율을 나타내었다. 4) 비구조 炭水化物 利用率은 (OD=670nm)R.flavefaciens가 mannose, arabinose 및 xylose 등을 가장 잘 이용하며, B. ruminicola subsp.은 galactose, mannose, arabinose 및 xylose등을 가장 잘 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. B.succinogenes는 glucose 및 rffainose를 가장 잘 이용하며, B.fibrisolvens는 glucose, galactose, arabinose, xylose 및 maltose등을 가장 잘 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. (P<0.05). 5) PYG basal medium에 炭水化物源을 각각 1g씩 첨가한 培養區에서 VFA 생성량은 R.flavefaciens는 주로 acetate, propionate, n-butyrate 및 succinate를 생산하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이것들의 생산량은 각각 81.65, 26.36, 20.16 및 108.91mM/100ml를 생산하여 succinate를 가장 많이 생산하는 것으로 나타났다. B.ruminicola subsp은 주로 acetate, propionate 및 n-butyrate를 생산하는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 균의 생산량은 각각 104.72, 31.32 및 26.12mM/100ml를 생산하였으며, B. succinogenes는 주로 acetate, propionate, n-butyrate 및 succinate를 생산하며, 이 균들의 생산량은 각각 87.66, 27.70 및 56.07mM/100ml 생산하였다. Buty.fibrisolvens는 주로 acetate, propionate 및 n-butyrate를 생산하는 것으로 나타났다. Fiber degradation of corn stover, rice straw, alfalfa or filter paper No.1 was evaluated using microscopy and in vitro analyses after incubation with pure culture of cellulolytic ruminal bacteria. 1) Analyses of the initial substrate and the recovered residue after 24h of static incubation showed that R.flavefaciens degraded a mean dry matter(10.75% versus 5.66%) more effectively than B. succinogenes. However, B, succinogenes demonstrated a qualitative advantage in degrading cellulose of particular substrates. DM digestibilities for alfalfa and rice straw. Treatment for 24h were 13.96% and 9.46% for R.lflavefaciens, 10.27% and 4.32% for B.succinogenes, and 7.74% and 2.31% for Buty. fibrisolvens(p<0.05). Bacteriodes ruminitola subsp. was unable to degrade plant cell wall components, while it degraded non-structural carbohydrates more actively than any other bacteria. Microbial cell DM yield(avg, 11.44mg/dl) was the highest for R. flavefaciens cultured with alfalfa substrate(p<0.05). 2) Ruminococcu flavefaciens degraded a mean 23.61% of the ADF and 39.87% of the NDF in the various substrates. whereas, B. succinogenes degraded a mean 11.6% and 35.91% of these fractions, respectively. 3) The utilization of carbodydrates was the highest for R.flavefaciens cultured with mannose and xylcse substrate, and for B. ruminicola subsp. with arabinose, xylose, raffinose and galactose respectively. B. succinogenes utilized glucose and raffinose, as major substrates fermentd(p<0.05) and Buty. fibrisolvens utilized glucose, galactose, arabinose, xylose and maltose. 4) Ruminococcus flavefaciens produced acetate, succinate and propionate, and B.ruminicola subsp. produced acetate, propionate and n-butyrate as major VFA. B.succinogenes produced acetate, propionate, n-butyrate and succinate, and Buty.fibrisolvens produced n-butyrate and acetate as major VFA.

한국의 HIV-1 감염의 분자역학

이주실,김은영,남정구,기미경,최병선,김성순,강춘,구본기,신영오 국립보건연구원 1998 국립보건원보 Vol.35 No.-