Melatonin이 암세포주의 미세구조 및 세표바깥기질단백에 미치는 영향

성언기,정현규,김주영,1이융창,송인환 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.2

흰쥐 신장에서 Transglutaminase 1, 2, 3 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

구동억,김원식,박경란,2이증훈,이웅재,노승무,김수열 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.2

변산바람꽃 자생지의 식생 변화상 및 생육특성1

오현경,한윤희,이지희2,변무섭 한국환경생태학회 2011 한국환경생태학회 학술대회지 Vol.21 No.2

연구의 목적 본 연구는 내변산 변산바람꽃 개체의 밀도가 높은 곳을 3곳 지정하여 5m×5m (25㎡)의 고정 방형구를 설치하고 변산바람꽃의 식생 변화상 및 생육특성을 살펴보고자 수행 하였다. 연구범위 및 방법 변산바람꽃의 정밀조사는 꽃이 피는 시기부터 열매가 맺 는 시기인 2011년 2월부터 5월까지 월 1회 조사를 원칙으로 총 4회 수행하였으며, 내변산 내 계곡 주변 사면을 중심으로 3개의 조사구를 지정․설치하고 변산바람꽃의 개체와 식생 의 변화상을 조사하였다(그림 1). 자생지의 개체군 정밀조사는 현지조사표에 종 정보, 지역 정보, 지역 특성, 생육 현황, 생육지 구분, 주변 식생 위협 요인 및 특이사항 등을 기입하였으며, 층위별 식생현황은 이창복(2003)과 이영노(2006)의 식물도감을 기준으로 작성 하였다. 결과 및 고찰 1. 층위별 식생 변화상 1) 조사구 1번 조사구 1번의 층위별 식생 현황을 살펴보면 교목층에 해 당되는 종은 없으며, 아교목층에 단풍나무가, 관목층에서는 단풍나무, 다래가 확인되었다. 초본층은 2월에 조사한 1차 조사에서는 변산바람꽃, 소엽맥문동, 십자고사리 등이 확인 되었지만 5월에 조사한 4차 조사에서는 투구꽃, 노루귀, 십 자고사리, 변산바람꽃, 족도리풀, 단풍나무, 소엽맥문동, 둥 굴레, 현호색, 개별꽃 등이 확인되었다. 1차 조사에서는 변 산바람꽃의 피도가 높았던 반면, 최종 조사에서 투구꽃이 가장 높은 피도를 보이고 있었다. 초본층의 경우 야생동물 의 섭식과 급경사로 인한 토양의 쏠림 현상으로 3차 조사 때 보다 4차 조사에서의 녹피율이 더 낮은 결과를 보였다 (표 1). 2) 조사구 2번 조사구 2번의 층위별 식생 현황을 살펴보면 교목층에서 는 이나무, 말채나무, 개서어나무 등을 확인할 수 있고, 아교 목층에서는 까치박달 한종이 해당되었다. 관목층은 조사 시 기에 따라 종수의 차이가 있었지만, 조릿대, 단풍나무, 다래, 상산, 좀작살나무, 고추나무, 회나무 등이 확인되었다. 초본 층에서는 변산바람꽃, 큰구슬붕이, 소엽맥문동, 보춘화, 실 새풀, 바위족제비고사리, 노루귀, 투구꽃, 현호색, 조릿대, 꿩의바람꽃, 족도리풀, 둥굴레, 민둥뫼제비꽃, 개족도리풀,하늘말나리, 죽대, 처녀고사리, 사람주나무, 좀나도히초미, 개별꽃 등이 확인되었다(표 2). 3) 조사구 3번 조사구 3번의 층위별 식생 현황을 살펴보면 교목층에는 합다리나무, 굴피나무 등이 있었고, 아교목층에는 합다리나 무 한종이 우점하였다. 관목층에서는 병꽃나무, 길마가지나 무, 상산, 딱총나무, 청괴불나무 등이 확인되었으며 최종조 사에서는 상산의 피도율이 가장 높았다. 초본층에는 변산바 람꽃, 인동덩굴, 소엽맥문동, 으름덩굴, 맥문동, 산자고, 현 호색, 미나리냉이, 쥐똥나무, 길마가지나무, 주름조개풀, 갈 퀴덩굴, 개구리발톱, 회나무, 비짜루, 긴사상자, 참반디, 개 별꽃, 사위질빵, 상산, 고추나무, 개맥문동, 큰개별꽃, 차풀 등이 확인되었다. 최종 조사에서 초본층은 긴사상자의 피도 가 가장 높았다(표 3). 2. 고찰 1) 생육특성 내변산 내 변산바람꽃 자생지 3곳을 조사해 본 결과, 모 두 낙엽활엽수림 하에 위치하였으며, 인근에 계곡과 가까이 접해있는 것을 알 수 있었다. 2∼3월에 일찍 개화하는 변산 바람꽃의 특성상 낙엽활엽수림 하에 생육하는 것이 충분한 일조량을 받을 수 있기 때문에 좀 더 생육에 유리한 환경이 될 것으로 생각되며 계곡 주변에 자생함으로써 적당한 수 환경 또한 조성 될 것이다. 이점은 3개 조사구의 개화․결실 율(수)을 비교해보면 확인할 수 있다. 1,2번 조사구는 산림 내 사면에 위치하고 있으며, 3번 조사구는 내변산 탐방지원 센터 주차장 인근에 위치하고 있다. 3곳 모두 낙엽활엽수림 하에 위치하고 있지만 탐방로 인근에 위치한 3번 조사구의 일조량이 더 많은데 변산바람꽃의 개화시기에 조사를 수행 한 결과 3번 조사구 내에서 개화율이 확연히 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같이 변산바람꽃은 다량의 광선과 수분이 필요한 것으로 판단되며, 변산반도국립공원 내 낙엽활엽수림이 있 는 계곡의 중․하류에는 대부분이 분포할 것으로 추정된다. 2) 보전방안 현재 변산바람꽃은 변산반도국립공원 내에서 확인되고 있으나, 대부분이 비법정탐방로 주변에 분포하고 있어 보전 차원의 관리가 이뤄지지 않아 인위적인 훼손의 우려가 높은 실정이며, 관찰을 원하는 탐방객에 대한 서비스 차원에서도 많은 문제점이 노출되고 있다. 변산바람꽃 자생지 보전과 탐방객의 서비스 만족을 동시에 이루기 위해서는 기존에 행해지고 있는 자생지 주변의 보호목책이 아닌 대체 서식지 를 조성하거나 관리가 쉬운 지역을 개방하여 홍보함으로써, 무분별한 자생지 훼손을 막고 탐방객 만족도 또한 높일 수 있는 방안이 요구되는 시점이다. 인용문헌 이영노. 2006. 새로운 한국식물도감. 교학사. 서울. 이창복. 2003. 원색 대한식물도감. 향문사. 서울. 다음지도 (http://local.daum.net.)

Hypoallergenic and Physicochemical Properties of the A2 β-Casein Fraction of Goat Milk

Tae-Hwan Jung,Hyo-Jeong Hwang,Sung-Seob Yun,Won-Jae Lee,Jin-Wook Kim,Ji-Yun Ahn,Woo-Min Jeon,Kyoung-Sik Han2.6* 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.6

Goat milk has a protein composition similar to that of breast milk and contains abundant nutrients, but its use in functional foods is rather limited in comparison to milk from other sources. The aim of this study was to prepare a goat A2 β-casein fraction with improved digestibility and hypoallergenic properties. We investigated the optimal conditions for the separation of A2 β-casein fraction from goat milk by pH adjustment to pH 4.4 and treating the casein suspension with calcium chloride (0.05 M for 1 h at 25°C). Selective reduction of β- lactoglobulin and αs-casein was confirmed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The hypoallergenic property of A2 β-casein fraction was examined by measuring the release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor alpha from HMC-1 human mast cells exposed to different proteins, including A2 β-casein fraction. There was no significant difference in levels of both indicators between A2 β-casein treatment and the control (no protein treatment). The A2 β-casein fraction is abundant in essential amino acids, especially, branched-chain amino acids (leucine, valine, and isoleucine). The physicochemical properties of A2 β-casein fraction, including protein solubility and viscosity, are similar to those of bovine whole casein which is widely used as a protein source in various foods. Therefore, the goat A2 β-casein fraction may be useful as a food material with good digestibility and hypoallergenic properties for infants, the elderly, and people with metabolic disorders.

THI의 의미론적 논법

Nguyen Duc D2;n 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2009 국제문화연구 Vol.2 No.1

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Everolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis

PRECOMBAT-2 Investigators,Kim, Y.H.,Park, D.W.,Ahn, J.M.,Yun, S.C.,Song, H.G.,Lee, J.Y.,Kim, W.J.,Kang, S.J.,Lee, S.W.,Lee, C.W.,Park, S.W.,Jang, Y.,Jeong, M.H.,Kim, H.S.,Hur, S.H.,Rha, S.W.,Lim, D.S. Elsevier 2012 JACC. Cardiovascular interventions Vol.5 No.7

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) for patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (ULMCA) stenosis. Background: The clinical benefit of second-generation DES for ULMCA stenosis has not been determined. Methods: The authors assessed 334 consecutive patients who received everolimus-eluting stents (EES) for ULMCA stenosis between 2009 and 2010. The 18-month incidence rates of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE), including death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, or ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization (TVR), were compared with those of a randomized study comparing patients who received sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) (n = 327) or coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) (n = 272). Results: EES (8.9%) showed a comparable incidence of MACCE as SES (10.8%; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] of EES: 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51 to 1.40; p = 0.51) and CABG (6.7%, aHR of EES: 1.40; 95% CI: 0.78 to 2.54; p = 0.26). The composite incidence of death, MI, or stroke also did not differ among patients receiving EES (3.3%), SES (3.7%; aHR of EES: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.47; p = 0.29), and CABG (4.8%; aHR of EES: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.29 to 1.54; p = 0.34). However, the incidence of ischemia-driven TVR in the EES group (6.5%) was higher than in the CABG group (2.6%, aHR of EES: 2.77; 95% CI: 1.17 to 6.58; p = 0.02), but comparable to SES (8.2%, aHR of EES: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.64 to 2.06; p = 0.65). Angiographic restenosis rates were similar in the SES and EES groups (13.8% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.16). Conclusions: Second-generation EES had a similar 18-month risk of MACCE for ULMCA stenosis as first-generation SES or CABG. (Evaluation of Outcomes of EES Implantation for Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis [PRECOMBAT-2]; NCT01348022)

Inheritance of Cyst Nematode Resistance in a New Genetic Source, Glycine max PI 494182

Prakash R. Arelli,Dechun Wang2 한국작물학회 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.3

Worldwide, cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most destructive pathogen of cultivated soybean. In the USA, current annual yield losses are estimated to be nearly a billion dollars. Crop losses are primarily reduced by the use of resistant cultivars. Nematode populations are variable and have adapted to reproduce on resistant cultivars over time because resistance primarily traces to two soybean accessions. It is important to use diverse resistance sources to develop new nematode resistant cultivars. Soybean PI 494182 is a recent introduction from Japan and found to be resistant to multiple nematode populations. It is yellow seeded and maturity group 0. We have determined inheritance of resistance in PI 494182 using F2:3 families derived from cross PI 494182 X cv. Skylla. Skylla is a susceptible parent. Three nematode populations, races 1, 3, and 5, corresponding to HG types 2.5.7, 0, and 2.5.7 were used to bioassay 162 F2:3 families in greenhouse experiments. Based on Chi-square tests, a two-gene model is proposed for resistance to race 1 and a three-gene model is proposed for conditioning resistance to both races 3 and 5. Correlation coefficient analysis indicated that some genes conditioning resistance to races 1, 3, and 5 are shared or closely linked with each other. These results will be useful to soybean breeders for developing soybean cultivars for broad resistance to nematodes. Worldwide, cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most destructive pathogen of cultivated soybean. In the USA, current annual yield losses are estimated to be nearly a billion dollars. Crop losses are primarily reduced by the use of resistant cultivars. Nematode populations are variable and have adapted to reproduce on resistant cultivars over time because resistance primarily traces to two soybean accessions. It is important to use diverse resistance sources to develop new nematode resistant cultivars. Soybean PI 494182 is a recent introduction from Japan and found to be resistant to multiple nematode populations. It is yellow seeded and maturity group 0. We have determined inheritance of resistance in PI 494182 using F2:3 families derived from cross PI 494182 X cv. Skylla. Skylla is a susceptible parent. Three nematode populations, races 1, 3, and 5, corresponding to HG types 2.5.7, 0, and 2.5.7 were used to bioassay 162 F2:3 families in greenhouse experiments. Based on Chi-square tests, a two-gene model is proposed for resistance to race 1 and a three-gene model is proposed for conditioning resistance to both races 3 and 5. Correlation coefficient analysis indicated that some genes conditioning resistance to races 1, 3, and 5 are shared or closely linked with each other. These results will be useful to soybean breeders for developing soybean cultivars for broad resistance to nematodes.

Immunohistochemical study on the expression of calcium binding proteins (calbindin-D28k, calretinin, and parvalbumin) in the cerebral cortex and in the hippocampal region of nNOS knock-out(−/−) mice

Yu Jin Cho,Jae Chul Lee,Bong Gu Kang1,2,Jaeyeol An,Hyeon Suk Song1,2,Onju Son,Do-Hyun Nam,Choong Ik Cha,Kyeung Min Joo 대한해부학회 2011 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.44 No.2

Nitric oxide (NO) modulates the activities of various channels and receptors to participate in the regulation of neuronal intracellular Ca2+ levels. Ca2+ binding protein (CaBP) expression may also be altered by NO. Accordingly, we examined expression changes in calbindin-D28k, calretinin, and parvalbumin in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal region of neuronal NO synthase knockout(−/−) (nNOS−/−) mice using immunohistochemistry. For the first time, we demonstrate that the expression of CaBPs is specifically altered in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal region of nNOS−/− mice and that their expression changed according to neuronal type. As changes in CaBP expression can influence temporal and spatial intracellular Ca2+ levels, it appears that NO may be involved in various functions, such as modulating neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis, regulating synaptic transmission, and neuroprotection, by influencing the expression of CaBPs. Therefore, these results suggest another mechanism by which NO participates in the regulation of neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis. However, the exact mechanisms of this regulation and its functional significance require further investigation.

Formation and Related-Behavior of Micro-bowl Morphology Consisting of Ionic Palladium(II) Complexes

Cho Rong Kim,Chi Won Kim,노태환,이영아,Jongki Hong2,,정옥상 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.8

Reaction of [(bpy)Pd](PF6)2 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) with racemic bis(isonicotinoyl)-1,1'-bi-2-naphtholate (L) in acetone,and followed by addition of chloroform and solvent evaporation allows to form amorphous micro-bowl morphology consisting of [(bpy)PdL]2(PF6)4 without any template or additive. In contrast, the reaction and recrystallization in acetone for 1 week produce parallel-piped single crystals consisting of [(bpy)3Pd3(μ3-HPO4)2](PF6)2. The formations of micro-bowl and parallel-piped single crystal morphologies appear to be primarily associated with the kinetic and thermodynamic control, respectively. The formation of micro-bowls may be attributed to eruption of organic solvents. Cosolvent effects and chemical properties on the formation of micro-bowl morphology have been observed.

갑상선 수질암의 재발에 미치는 예후인자에 관한 연구

이주희<SUP>1<,SUP>,이규언<SUP>1,2<,SUP>,박경식<SUP>1,2<,SUP>,구도훈<SUP>1,2<,SUP>,오승근<SUP>1<,SUP>,윤여규<SUP>1,2<,SUP>,Ju Hee Lee,M,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Kyu Eun Lee,M,D,<SUP>1,2<,SUP>,Kyung Sik Park,M,D,<SUP>1,2<,SUP>,Do 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2008 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.8 No.3

<B>Purpose:</B> Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an uncommon thyroid tumor and the clinical course is variable. Many prognostic factors for MTC have been studied, but the significance of some of these factors remains con</B>troversial. This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of recurrent disease in patients suffering with MTC. <P><B>Methods: </B>Fifty three patients who were operated for MTC from 1987 to 2006 in Seoul National University Hospital (SNUH) was retrospectively analyzed. Their medical records were reviewed for the demographic data, the laboratory data and the clinical course, the treatment and the long-term outcome. The median duration of follow-up was 66.5 months. Forty-two patients who were operated on primarily in this hospital were analyzed for their recurrence free survival. <P><B>Results:</B> The mean age atdiagnosis was 41.8 years. There were 28 femaleand 25 male patients. Eleven patients (22.9%) had multifocal disease. There were 32 sporadic MTC patients, 15 MEN2A patients, 3 familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC) patients and 1 MEN 2B patient. The 10- and 15-year overall survival rates were 91.9% and 76.5%, respectively; the 5- and 10-year recurrence-free survival rates were 70.6% and 45.5%, respectively. By univariate statistical analysis, the stage (stage I/II vs. III/IV, P= 0.025), extrathyroidal extension (P=0.039), cervical lymph node metastasis (P=0.044), and the postoperative calcitonin level (≥25 pg/ml) (P=0.003) were the significant factors that influenced recurrence. <P><B>Conclusion:</B> The overall prognosis of MTC is favorable. The significantfactors for a poor prognosis were the presence of lymph node metastasis, TNM stage III and IV, positive extrathyroidal extension at the first diagnosis and a high postoperative calcitonin level.<B> (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2008;8:183-188)</B>