무연 복합 솔더의 미소경도에 미치는 기계적 변형과 온도의 영향

이주원,강성권,이혁모,Lee Joo Won,Kang Sung K.,Lee Hyuck Mo 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2005 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.12 No.2

전자 기기의 솔더 접합부는 고온에서 작동하고 온도 변화와 부품의 열팽창계수 차에 의해 소성변형을 겪게 된다. 그리고 변형된 솔더는 다시 고온에서 회복과 재결정의 과정을 겪는다. 이와 같은 일련의 열적 기계적 과정은 솔더의 미세구조와 기계적 특성을 변화시킨다. 본 연구에서는 전자 장치가 실제 작동할 때 솔더의 기계적 특성 변화를 예측하기 위해 여러 종류의 무연 솔더와 복합 솔더 (composite solder)의 미소경도 (micohardness)를 다양한 열적 기계적 환경에서 측정하였다. 측정된 무연 솔더에는 Sn, Sn-0.7Cu, Sn-3.5Ag-0.7Cu, Sn-2.8Ag-7.0Cu (복합 솔더), Sn-2.7Ag-4.9Cu-2.9Ni (복합 솔더)가 포함되어 있다. 솔더 시편은 $0.4{\~}7^{\circ}C$/sec의 냉각속도로 주조되었고 $30{\~}50\%$의 압축변형을 가한 후 $150^{\circ}C$에서 48시간 열처리하였다. 미소경도는 $25{\~}130^{\circ}C$에서 측정하였다. 각 시편의 미세구조 역시 관찰하여 미세구조와 비교하였다. Solder joints in microelectronic devices are frequently operated at an elevated temperature in service. They also experience plastic deformation caused by temperature excursion and difference in thermal expansion coefficients. Deformed solders can go through a recovery and recrystallization process at an elevated temperature, which would alter their microstructure and mechanical properties. In this study, to predict the changes in mechanical properties of Pb-free solder joints at high temperatures, the high temperature microhardness of several Pb-free and composite solders was measured as a function of temperature, deformation, and annealing condition. Solder alleys investigated include pure Sn, Sn-0.7Cu, Sn-3.5Ag, Sn-3.8Ag-0.7Cu, Sn-2.8Ag-7.0Cu (composite), and Sn-2.7Ag-4.9Cu-2.9Ni (composite). Numbers are all in wt.$\%$ unless specified otherwise. Solder pellets were cast at two cooling rates (0.4 and $7^{\circ}C$/s). The pellets were compressively deformed by $30\%$ and $50\%$ and annealed at $150^{\circ}C$ for 2 days. The microhardness was measured as a function of indentation temperature from 25 to $130^{\circ}C$. Their microstructure was also evaluated to correlate with the changes in microhardness.

전기영동형 전자종이 디스플레이에서 전자잉크의 주입 방법 및 구동파형에 따른 전류 특성 분석

이주원,김영조,Lee, Joo-Won,Kim, Young-Cho 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.33 No.5

In this study, the drift current characteristics of charged particles are analyzed for panels fabricated by varying the waveform biasing of the active particle loading method (APLM), which is a method driven by the electrophoretic principle of loading charged particles into a cell of a barrier rib-type electronic paper. We prepare 3 panels using APLM and 1 panel without APLM. The waveform of APLM uses square wave and ramp wave, and the step voltage wave is applied to the driving voltage. The drift currents measured from the square wave and ramp wave with the same period applied by APLM are 4.872 µC and 5.464 µC, respectively, and the ramp wave is shown to be relatively advantageous for loading charged particles that have a large q/m. The time-current curve results confirm that the abrupt movement of charged particles is occurring. When the step form wave signal with a short time of 1s is first applied, initial large movement of the charged particles is confirmed to occur in all samples, which is understood as the effect of applying the voltage necessary to remove the imaging force. The results of this study are expected to improve the loading of charged particles into the electronic paper cell, driven by the electrophoretic principle and optimization of the driving conditions.

퍼지 알고리즘을 이용한 관상동맥의 협착부위 검출

이주원,김성후,김주호,이한욱,정원근,이건기,Lee, Ju-Won,Kim, Sung-Hu,Kim, Joo-Ho,Lee, Han-Wook,Jung, Won-Geun,Lee, Gun-Ki 한국정보통신학회 2011 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.15 No.9

관상동맥 성형술과 관상동맥 우회술은 심근경색의 치료를 위해서 널리 이용되고 있는 방법이다. 특히 이 시술을 위해서 혈관의 협착 부위를 정확히 진단하는데 많은 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해서 여러 연구자들에 의해서 에지 추출을 이용한 혈관의 협착부위를 검출하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 방법들은 혈관의 구조나 영상의 질에 따라 그 성능의 차이가 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리즘은 다중 샘플링과 쓰레쉬홀드, 퍼지 알고리즘을 이용한 혈관의 분기점과 끝점, 협착 부위를 검출하는 방법으로 구성되어 있다. 제안된 알고리즘의 성능을 평가하기 위해 다양한 혈관조영영상을 사용하였으며 그 결과 제안된 알고리즘에 의한 혈관의 분기점 및 끝점, 협착 부위 검출에 효과적이었다. Coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft, both are for the treatment of myocardial infarction widely used methods. For these procedures, there are especially difficulties in stenosis of blood vessels to diagnose accurately. To remedy this problem, by several researchers by using edge detection to detect stenosis of blood vessels has been studying. However, the results of using these methods vary defend on the vascular structure and the quality of the image. In this study, to improve these problems, the new algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm consists of methods to detect bifurcation of blood vessels and its ending point by using multi sampling, threshold and fuzzy algorithm. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, angiography was used for the different results of the blood vessels of the proposed algorithm, and the result was effective in detecting bifurcation of blood vessels and its ending point.

다결정 다공성 실리콘의 전계방출 특성

이주원,김훈,이윤희,장진,주병권,Lee, Joo-Won,Kim, Hoon,Lee, Yun-Hi,Jang, Jin,Ju, Byeong-Kwon 한국전기전자재료학회 2003 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.16 No.4

This paper reports the optimum structure of the vacuum packaged Porous poly-silicon Nano-Structured (PNS) emitter. The PNS layer was obtained by electrochemical etching process into polycrystalline silicon layer in a process controlled to anodizing condition. Current-voltage studies were carried out to optimize process condition of electron emission properties as a function of anodizing condition and top electrode thickness. Also, we measured in advance the electron emission properties as a function of substrate temperature because the vacuum packaged process was performed under the condition of high temperature ambient (430$^{\circ}C$). Auger Electron Spectrometer (AES) studies shows that Au as a top-electrode was diffused to PNS layer during temperature experiments. Thus, we optimized the thickness of top-electrode in order to make the vacuum package PNS emitter. As a result, the vacuum Packaged PNS emitter was successfully emitted by optimizing process.

격벽형 전자종이의 하전입자 필터링 방법 및 구동조건에 따른 응답시간 및 반사율 분석

이주원,김영조,Lee, Joo-Won,Kim, Young-Cho 한국전기전자재료학회 2020 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.33 No.6

For electronic paper displays using electrophoresis, the response time and reflectivity of the image panel fabricated by filtering are analyzed. For the filtering process, a square wave and ramp wave are applied to white charged particles with a unique q/m value. We divide the sample panels into #1 to #4 according to the applied waveform in the filtering process. Step waves comprising two steps are used to drive the panel; therefore, we divide the driving conditions into D1~D4. The applied voltage at the first stage of the half cycle of the driving waveform moves the charged particles attached via the image force from the electrode, and the applied voltage at the second stage moves the floating charged particles by detaching. As mentioned, four types of driving conditions (D1 to D4) classified according to the half cycle of the driving waveform are applied to the samples #1 to #4), which are classified according to four types of filtering process. When driving condition D1 is applied to the four types of sample panels, the rise time of #1 is 1.59s, #2 is 1.706s, #3 is 1.853s, and #4 is 1.235s, resulting in #4 being relatively faster compared with other sample panels, and showing the same trend in other driving conditions. As a result, we confirm that applying the driving condition D1 causes abrupt movement of the white charged particles injected into the cell. When the same driving waveform (D1) is applied to each sample, reflectivities of 32.1% for #1, 31.4% for #2, 27.9% for #3, and 63.4% for #4 are measured. From the experiment, we confirm that the driving condition D1 (1s of 3.5 V, 9s of 3.0 V) and ramp wave #4 in filtering are desirable for good reflectivity and response time. Our research is expected to contribute to the improvement of the filtering process and optimization of the driving waveform.

PLC기기의 Auto ID 설계 및 구현

이주원(Lee, Joo-Won),김동균(Kim, Dong-Kyun),이상정(Lee, Sang-Jeong),전병찬(Jeon, Byung-Chan) 한국산학기술학회 2006 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

홈네트워크 기술 중 전력선 통신은 ‘No New Wire’의 개념으로 기존 가정에서 홈네트워크 구축을 위해 신규배선을 필요로 하지 않기 때문에 댁내 백본 네트워크로 많은 관심을 받고 있다. 그러나 PLC 네트워크 구축시 사람이 수동으로 설정해주어야 함으로써 사용자는 어려움을 느끼고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 PLC 디바이스의 전원이 인가되면 그룹 코드와 디바이스 ID를 자동으로 부여받아 사용자의 별도 개입없이 PLC기기를 사용할 수 있는 Intelligent PLC 모뎀을 구현하고 이를 관리할 수 있는 메시지 형식을 설계 구현한다.

소화기증상을 주소로 한 내과외래 환자에 관한 임상적 소고

이주원 ( Joo Won Lee ) 대한내과학회 1967 대한내과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

병사가 지각한 가정의 건강성, 사회적지지, 심리적 독립이 군복무 적응간의 구조적관계 분석 - 해병대 병사 중심으로-

이주원(Lee Joo Won),변상해(Byun Sang Hae) 한국군사회복지학회 2019 한국군사회복지학 Vol.12 No.1

AMOS 23.0 프로그램을 이용하여 측정도구의 집중타당도와 판별타당도를 실시하였으며, 설정한 가설모형에서 병사가 지각한 가정의 건강성, 사회적지지, 심리적독립, 군복무 적응 간의 관계를 알아보기 위해 모형의 적합도 검증을 실시하였다. 또한 가족의 건강성과 군복무적응 간의 관계에서 사회적 지지와 심리적 독립의 매개효과 분석을 실시하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 병사가 지각한 가정의 건강성, 사회적 지지, 심리적 독립, 군복무 적응에 관한 구조모형의 적합도는 영향관계를 예측하기에 적합하였다. 둘째, 병사의 가정의 건강성은 사회적 지지, 심리적 독립, 군복무 적응에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 병사의 사회적 지지는 군복무 적응에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 병사의 심리적 독립은 군복무 적응에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 셋째, 병사의 가정의 건강성과 군복무 적응간의 관계에서 사회적 지지는 매개효과를 가지는 것으로 조사되었다. 그러나 심리적 독립은 매개효과가 나타나지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. The purpose of this report was to analyse the impact of the family health whi ch perceived by soldier, social support and psychological independence on the dap tation of military service and study social support of these factors and the media ted effect of psychological independence. A survey of 300 soldiers was conducted and 251 of the total 300 questionnaires were used for final analysis. The collected data were statistically analysed using the SPSS 24.0 program. Concentration and determination validity of measurement tools were conducted by using the AMOS 23.0 program and the conformity of the model was verified to find out the relationship between family health, social support, psychological independence, and military service adaptation in the established hypothesis model. In addition, social support and psychological independence were analyzed in relation to the relationship between the health of the family and the military service application. The results are as follows. First, the health of family perceived by soldier, social support, psychological independence and suitability of Structural Model on the Adaptation of Military Service are suitable for predicting the impact relationship. Second the family health of soldiers has positive influence on social support, psychological independence and military service adaptation. However, it has been found that the psychological independence of soldiers does not have positive influence on military service adaptation. Third, social support has been found to have mediated effect in the relationship between the health of the soldier s family and the adaptability of military service. However, it has been found that psychological independence does not have mediated effect.

개정 도로교통법상 음주운전죄의 소송법적 문제점 고찰

이주원(Lee, Joo-Won) 대검찰청 2012 형사법의 신동향 Vol.0 No.36

개정 도로교통법(2011. 6. 8. 법률 제10790호)은, 음주운전 부분에 관하여 법정형을 세분화하고 부분적으로 그 하한을 설정하였다. 이러한 개정 도로교통법의 시행으로, 소송법상 많은 문제점이 대두되었다. 한편으로는 기존에 없던 문제점이 새롭게 등장하였고 다른 한편으로는 나아가 기존에 있던 문제점 또한 더욱 심화되는 결과가 초래되었다. 음주운전죄와 관련된 개정 도로교통법의 내용과 그 적정성 ․ 타당성을 검토하고, 새롭게 등장하거나 더욱 심화된 소송법적인 문제점에 대해 사물관할 문제, 혈중알콜농도의 증명문제 등을 중심으로 고찰하였다. 아울러 합리적인 개선방안을 함께 모색해 보았다. 우선 개정 도로교통법의 시행으로 3회 이상 음주운전, 음주측정불응(제148조의2 제1항) 및 혈중알콜농도 0.2% 이상의 음주운전(제148조의2 제2항 제1호)은 합의부의 관할에 속하게 되었다. 미처 염두에 두지 못한 결과 야기된 입법상의 큰 부주의로 보이는데, 반드시 합의부의 관할로 하지 않으면 아니될 당위성이나 필연성은 없다고 본다. 따라서 법원조직법을 개정하여 다시 단독판사의 관할로 환원하는 것이 바람직하다. 이와 관련된 문제로서, 법원조직법상 합의부의 관할사건에 해당하는 사건을 약식사건이라고 하여 단독판사가 처리하는 것은, 법원조직법 제32조 제1항(제3호)에 명백히 반하며 이러한 실무관행도 시정되어야 한다. 이에 대한 입법적 정비가 요구된다. 또한 개정 도로교통법의 시행으로 이제 혈중알콜농도의 구체적인 수치는 0.1% 이상 또는 0.2% 이상인지 여부가 법정형의 상한과 하한을 결정하는 구성요건요소로 그 위상이 변경되었다. 그 결과 혈중알콜농도에 대한 현실적인 증명부담이 가중되었다. 혈중알콜 농도의 증명과 관련하여 측정주기 측면에서 현재 실무상 행해지고 있는 1회 호흡측정방식의 위험성이 지적되고 있다. 적어도 2회의 호흡측정을 반드시 실시하는 방식으로 실무운용을 개선하여야 한다. 또한 운전 당시 또는 그 직후 운전자에 대한 호흡측정이나 혈액측정 등이 이루어지지 않거나, 운전시점으로부터 일정 시간이 경과한 이후 비로소 음주측정이 이루어진 경우에는 운전시점의 혈중알콜농도를 추정해야 하는 현실적인 문제가 발생한다. 종래 실무상 적용되던 이른바 위드마크 공식은 그 불완전성으로 말미암아 그러한 부정확한 수식에 더 이상 의존할 것은 아니라고 본다. 그 개선방안으로는, 도로교통법에 혈중알콜농도의 추정 규정을 입법화하는 방법, 이른바 위드마크 공식을 대체하는 대체공식을 마련하는 방법, 전문가의 감정을 활성화하는 방법 등이 강구될 수 있을 것이다. The Amendment of Road Traffic Act(Promulgated on June 8, 2011; Law No.10790) is developed to further ramify statutory punishments on driving under the influence(DUI) and even partially establish possible lower limit of those punishments. The enforcement of the said Amendment has brought about considerable questions on the rise under the Code of Legal Procedure: On the one hand, we face emerging questions of the said Amendment, which were not precedented in past. On the other hand, we face further aggravation of existing questions inherent in Road Traffic Act. The purpose of this study was to examine the content, adequacy and validity of the said Amendment in terms of punishments on DUI as an offense, and focus further discussions on issues such as subject-matter jurisdiction and proof of blood alcohol concentration to examine the issues of the said Act which are emerging or further aggravated under the Code of Legal Procedure. Furthermore, this study sought to explore possible rational ways to improve those issues. First, the said Amendment of Road Traffic Act has been enforced to provide that 3 or more cases of DUI, sobriety test disobedience(Section 148.2, paragraph 1), and any cases of DUI with 0.2% or higher blood alcohol concentration(Sec. 148.2, par. 2, subpar. 1) shall be subject to jurisdiction of collegiate body. This appears to be a big legislative negligence caused by lack of considerations in advance. It is reasonable to conclude that there is neither necessity nor obligation to make those cases of DUI-related offense subject to jurisdiction of collegiate body. Hence, it is recommended that the current Court Organization Act should be revised to refer those cases back to jurisdiction of a single judge as did in past. Moreover, the enforcement of the said Amendment has caused such a change to the status of Road Traffic Act that detailed level of blood alcohol concentration, i.e. whether the concentration is higher than 0.1% or 0.2%, becomes a constituent matter that determines possible upper and lower limit of statutory punishments on DUI as an offense. As a result, law enforcement authorities face extra burden of proof about blood alcohol concentration in practice. In regard to proof of blood alcohol concentration, there are ever-increasing opinions to point out the potential risk of current single breathing test - especially in the aspect of test frequency - executed on sites of law enforcement. That is why it is advisable to improve current practices of law enforcement on DUI to ensure that every vehicle driver takes breathing test at least twice or more frequently before passing certain DUI check-up zones. In particular, if law enforcement authority doesn't perform breathing test or blood alcohol concentration test for vehicle drivers on site or off site, or if the authority performs sobriety test on vehicle drivers only in certain time after they are on the go, the authority faces a practical question of estimation about blood alcohol concentration when they drove vehicle under the influence of alcohol. Widmark equation that was applied to conventional practices of law enforcement may not be viewed as a general rule of experience due to its imperfection. It is unreasonable to rely blindly on the incorrect equation reluctantly used by law enforcement authority. And it is required to immediately improve any wrong practices of law enforcement especially in terms of DUI. As a part of solutions for these questions, it is possible to refer to overseas legislative cases to legislate provisions on more correct estimation of blood alcohol concentration under the Road Traffic Act; develop an alternative equation for Widmark equation; and facilitate specialists to estimate or judge blood alcohol concentration of vehicle drivers under the influence.

마이크로 전력계통에서 연료전지 발전시스템의 전기/열의 최적운영 기법 연구

이주원(Joo-Won Lee),박종배(Jong-Bae Park),김수덕(Su-Duk Kim),김창섭(Chang-Seop Kim) 대한전기학회 2009 전기학회논문지 Vol.58 No.6

Alternative energy sources such as renewable energy like solar power systems, wind power systems, or fuel cell power systems has been the rising issue in the electrical power system. This paper discusses an economic study analysis of fuel cells in the korean electricity market. It includes the basic concept of a fuel cell and the korean electricity market. It also describes the need of renewable energy and how the fuel cell is connected with the local grid. This paper shows the impact of production and recovering thermal energy of a grid-connected fuel cell power system. The profit maximization approach has been structured including electrical power trade with the local grid and heat trade within the micro-grid. The strategies are evaluated using a local load that uses electric and thermal power which has different patterns between summer and winter periods. The solution algorithm is not newly developed one, but is solved by an application called GAMS. Results indicate the need and usefulness of a fuel cell power system.