Rotavirus 전기영동형별을 위한 RNA 추출과정 및 조건의 비교연구

조은경,김은순,양재명,김경희,조양자 한양대학교 의과대학 1992 한양의대 학술지 Vol.12 No.2

Rotaviruses (Rv) are the major cause of severe dehydrating dearrhea among young children in Korea, where they are frequently responsible for 68% of the cases requiring hospitalization. Laboratory diagnosis of rotaviral infection in Korea depends mainly on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that employs expensive commercial diagnostic kits purchased from abroad and that shous the presence or absence of group A Rv only. PACE have however provided epidemiologic evidence to demonstrate the sxistence of different strains (both group A and atypical Rv) during diarrgeal outbreak, the appearance of new strains and desappearance of old ones from a community, shifts in the prenalence of strains, and the persistance of a single strain in newborns. For such reasons, we have felt that it is essential to raise the sensitivity and shorten the processing time for PAGE. We therfore have devised a rapid method for Rv RNA extration by directly extracting the Rv RNA from the specimens (that is, skipping freon extraction and running as ultracectrifuge) and using an urea-containing dissociation mixture to dissolve dried RNA for PAGE. We have also shorten the PAGE diagnostic results by sequential staining of the same gel with ethidium bromide and silver stain. With the use of the rapid method, it was feasible to increase the efficacy of the PAGE with reduced cost and working time. Phenol extration of stools, however, was essential in maintaining the sensitivity of the method.

Serum TSH Level in Healthy Koreans and the Association of TSH with Serum Lipid Concentration and Metabolic Syndrome

( Yeo Kyung Lee ),( Jo Eun Kim ),( Hyun Ju Oh ),( Kyung Sun Park ),( Soo Kyung Kim ),( Seok Won Park ),( Moon Jong Kim ),( Yong Wook Cho1 ) 대한내과학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.26 No.4

Background/Aims: The proper treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism and the normal range of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration are intensely debated. However, few reports have investigated TSH concentrations in Asian ethnic groups. Therefore, the present study was designed to define the TSH reference range in a Korean population and to investigate the metabolic significance of TSH concentration. Methods: We enrolled patients who underwent medical examination at the CHA Bundang Medical Center. Anthropometric data were evaluated, and serum TSH, free T4, and lipid profiles were assayed. Results: A total of 7,270 subjects were included. Mean TSH concentration of the study population was 1.82 ± 0.95 mU/L, and we observed a sex-related difference in TSH concentration (male, 1.67 ± 0.87 mU/L; female, 2.02 ± 1.01 mU/L; p < 0.01). When the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles were calculated, 95% TSH reference limits were 0.52-4.29 mU/L. TSH concentration was higher in elderly subjects, during winter, in postmenopausal women, and in obese males. Moreover, TSH showed significantly positive correlations with serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol regardless of sex, age, season, obesity, or menopausal status (all p < 0.01). Finally, TSH concentration was positively related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: We demonstrated the association between TSH concentration within the normal reference range and serum lipid levels. TSH concentration varies according to sex, age, season, and body mass index (only in males). Moreover, high normal TSH levels were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, which may be of importance when evaluating subjects with high normal TSH concentration.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

급성기 뇌경색 환자에서 화열 관련 증상과 증후의 변화에 관한 연구

곽승혁,박수경,우수경,이은찬,박주영,정우상,문상관,조기호,조승연,박성욱,고창남,Kwak, Seung-hyuk,Park, Su-kyung,Woo, Su-kyung,Lee, Eun-chan,Park, Joo-young,Jung, Woo-sang,Moon, Sang-kwan,Cho, Ki-ho,Cho, Seung-yeon,Park, Sung-wook,Ko, Ch 대한중풍순환신경학회 2011 대한중풍.순환신경학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Objective : Fire and heat related symptoms and signs are considered common in acute stage of diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the occurrences and changes of fire and heat related symptoms and signs in acute cerebral infarction patients. Method & subjects : 40 acute cerebral infarction patients hospitalized in Oriental medicine hospital, Kyung-Hee University, who had examined and diagnosed 2 or 3 times based on oriental medical diagnosis were selected. We chose 23 as fire and heat related symptoms and signs from 94 diagnostic articles, and we added all those scores together of each patient. We analysed the scores of fire and heat related symptoms and signs as the time passed, and depending on oriental medical diagnosis. Result : In acute cerebral infarction patients of this study, 4 of fire and heat related symptoms and signs were took 1st, 2nd, 4th and 8th places in most changeable 10 articles of total 94 articles. The mean score of fire and heat related symptoms and signs of all patients were decreased significantly over the 3 times of measurements. The 8 patients diagnosed as fire and heat diagnosis at visit1 were samely diagnosed as fire and heat diagnosis at visit2, and at visit3 5 patients of them except for 3 patients excluded between visit2 and visit3, were still diagnosed as fire and heat diagnosis. At all of 3 measuring times, the scores of fire and heat related symptoms and signs of fire and heat diagnosis group were higher than non-fire and heat diagnosis group. Conclusion : This study indicated that fire and heat related symptoms and signs were very changeable phenomenon in acute cerebral infarction patients. And they decreased as time goes on.

상부 조기 위암 환자의 복강경하 상부 위절제술 3례 경험

조규석,김형철,박경규,이문수,송옥평,임철완,신웅진,주종우,유기원 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Background : The reported incidence of early gastric cancer located in the upper portion of the stomach has been increasing with the recent advances in its diagnosis and screening. Recently, we have successfully performed laparoscopic assisted proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction without pyloroplasty on three patients with early gastric carcinoma localized to the upper third of the stomach. We describe our modification of this procedure in this report. Method : After creating an surgical pneumoperitoneum, the stomach was mobilized using laparoscopic coagulating shears. Upper half of the greater curvature and three-quarters of the lesser curvature were then dissected along with regoinal D2 lymphadenectomy. This was followed by a 5 cm, longitudinal mini-laparotomy in the upper abdomen, and the construction of the exteriorized stomach with a gastric tube measuring 20 cm long and 4 cm wide. Reconstruction with an esophagogastrostomy was performed using a circular stapler. Result : No post-operative morbidity or mortality was observed in this small series of patients. The average operative time was 250 minutes (range 220-300 minutes), and the average blood loss was 150 ml (range 90-180 ml). The mean number of lymph nodes harvested during these laparoscopic proximal gastrectomies was 24 nodes (range 22-25 lymph nodes). The average postoperative hospital stays was 7.5 days (range 7-8 days). Conclusion : Our technique of laparoscopic assisted proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction without phloroplasty offers a minimally invasive technique with the potential of impoving the post-operative quality of life patients with an early-stage proximal gastric cancer.

Nicotine이 계태장기조직의 효소활성에 미치는 영향

조경혜,유은정 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1991 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.2 No.-

임산부 흡연시 담배의 다양한 성분가운데, nicotine이 모체의 대사변동을 통해 간접적으로 또는 태반 융모간 혈류를 따라 직접적으로 태아에게 미치는 영향을 효소학적으로 검증하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 인체와의 내성의 차이를 고려하여, 발생중인 계태(8일째)에 0.5ml의 nicotine 용액을 농도별로 (대조군, 제1군:0.206mg/egg, 제2군:0.412mg/egg, 제3군:0.618mg/egg, 제4군:0.824mg/egg) 주입하고, 10일을 더 발육시킨 후 각 장기를 적출하여 마쇄하고 원심분리한 상등액을 시료로 하여 효소활성을 측정한 결과, 대조군에 대한 제2군에서의 specific activity비율이 다음과 같이 증감되었다. Alkaline phosphatase는 폐에서 5.4배, 신장 3.4배, 간과 대퇴부 1.3배, 뇌와 소장에서 1.2배, 심장 1.1배의 증가를 보였고, 위에서는 50% 감소되었다. ATPase는 폐 1.7배, 간 1.6배, 신장에서 1.4배의 증가를 보였고, 심장과 소장에서 1.13배, 위에서 1.07배의 활성을 나타내었으며, 뇌와 대퇴부에서는 오히려 감소하여 각각 90%수준의 specific activity를 보였다. MDH는 152%와 118%로 각각 증가된 폐와 신장을 제외한 모든 장기에서 specific activity가 낮아졌는데, 그 감소비율은 간 29%, 뇌 25%, 위 24% 대퇴부 20%, 심장 17%, 소장 6%로 나타났다. 5'-Nucleotidase는 폐 6.6배, 신장 1.8배, 대퇴부 1.34배, 심장 1.29배, 간 1.1배의 증가를 보인 반면, 뇌와 위, 소장은 대조군에 비해 각각 17%, 22%, 12% 감소를 보였다. Arginase는 폐, 신장에서 각각 1.7배와 1.4배의 두드러진 증가를 보였으며, 뇌와 소장은 1.3배, 간과 대퇴부는 1.1배의 증가가 있었으나, 심장과 위에서는 9%와 19%의 감소를 보여주었다. 소화 및 근육장기에 비해 독성물질을 방어하거나 대사 및 배설하는 장기(간, 폐, 신장)에서 유의적인 증감을 확인할 수 있었는데 특히 폐에서 나타난 큰 변화는 흡연으로 인한 폐조직 손상과는 독립적으로 nicotine이 단독효과를 갖는다는 점을 시사해 준다. 간에서 보다 신장에서의 현저한 효과는 avian species의 대사적 특성으로 말미암아 간기능 일부를 신장이 담당하였기 때문에 나타난 결과로 보며, 이들 enzyme의 활성변화가 사람에게서도 나타나는 가를 확인하기 위해서는 쥐나 원숭이등의 동물실험이 더 부가되어야 하리라 생각된다. In order to study the effect of nicotine on the metabolic activities of the fetal tissues, the changes of enzymatic activities have been investigated in the chick embryonic organs treated with nicotine. Infection concentration which expressed low mortality and ascertained significant change of specific activity is 0.412mg/egg group and each organocellular enzymatic activity is as like follow: 1. Specific activity of alkaline phosphatase is significantly increased in lung, kidney and liver but decreased in stomach. 2. Specific activity of ATPase is increased in lung, liver, and kidney but decreased in brain & thigh muscle. 3. Specific activity of malate dehydrogenase is decreased in liver, brain, stomach, thigh muscle, and heart, but increased in lung and kidney. 4. Specific activity of 5'-nucleotidase is increased in lung, kidney, thigh muscle, and heart but decreased in brain, stomach and intestine. 5. Specific activity of arginase is increased in lung, kidney, brain, and intestine but decreased in heart and stomach. Significant changes of specific activity are ascertained in organs which protect, metabloize or excret toxic materials rather than digestive or muscular organ. In particular, large scale change expressed in lung suggested that the nicotine affccts not only tissue damages by smoking but also the metabolic changes of the fetal tissues at the cellular levels. More remarkable changes in kidney result from metabolic specificity of avian species which kidney is in charge of a part of liver function.

정상인에서 전기 및 자기 자극을 이용한 설 근육의 전기생리학적 평가

조은미,류종현,안성환,조경원,임건한,김진호,김후원 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

Background: Abnormality of lingual muscles is clinically common. But its exact clinical assessment is quite difficult. Evaluation of motor power of the lingual muscles and their neural pathway is limited because of anatomical inaccessibility and individual variation of subjective symptoms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human motor cortex is a non-invasive tool to assess the functional integrity of the fast conducting central motor pathways and electrical stimulation of lingual nerve is a conventional method of peripheral nerve conduction. Therefore both study will be helpful to understanding of pathophysiology of lingual abnormality. Until now there is no such report in Korea. This study was conducted to acquire the easier method and normal control values of Korean subjects. Method: We recorded the motor responses from the lingual muscles of 32 healthy subjects (22 men, 10 women) by focal cortical TMS with a circular coil. Motor potentials were recorded by means of surface electrodes applied on the both side of the tongue, following TMS several centimeters lateral from the vertex and parietooccipital cortex and peripheral electrical stimulation of the 12th cranial nerve at the lateral 1/3 point of the line between the midline and angle of mandible. Results: During moderate motor activation, majority of maximal motor response were obtained 4-6cm lateral to the vertex with similar latencies. And the responses from magnetic stimulation of the intracranial segment of hypoglossal nerve were discarded because of difficulty to obtain and unsatisfactory reproducibility. The latency of motor evoked potentials in right cortical stimulation was 10.08 ± 1.17 msec and in left stimulation 10.04 ± 1.32 msec. The amplitudes in right 2.15 ± 1.02, left 2.09 ± 1.11 mV. The latencies electric hypoglossal nerve stimulation were 2.42 ± 0.34 in right, 2.49 ± 0.35 msec in left side. The amplitudes were 2.90 ± 2.37 in right, 2.43 ± 1.86 mV in left side. Central conduction times as calculated by subtracting the response latencies obtained by magnetic and electric stimulation are right 7.65 ± 1.19, left 7.55 ± 1.35 msec. There was no significant difference between man and woman, Conclusion: The method may be efficient, noninvasive, painless, and easy reproduced. With more extensive application to various neurological disorders, it comes close to being an ideal clinical conduction study technique for this cranial nerve.

고등학교『중국어 I 』의 동작동사 교수법 연구

조은경 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 2004 이화교육논총 Vol.14 No.-

A dynamic verb in Chinese is a main predicate of a sentence; it is a discriptive verb that expresses specific and actual actions related to a part or whole of a body. Learning dynamic verbs is a crucial research topic of teaching methods, dealing with improving the beginners speaking fluency. There was, however, no systematic research on the dfficient teaching-learning methods so far. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the usage of dynamic verbs and the problems in high school Chinese textbooks, and to come up with possible improvement. The systematic learning of dynamic verbs enables students to practice how to express particular actions in various situations in Chinese. This learning gives enough speaking opportunities to students, and it in turn becomes one of methods to manage a positive and active Chinese class. Above all, students can naturally learn the spoken language by studying dynamic verbs. Chinese social and cultural language customs can also be achieved by leaning objectives that regularly couples with dynamic verbs. As a result of analyzing degrees of usage, frequencies of appearance, and distribution of dynamic verbs in main texts in five Chinese textbooks of the seventh curriculum, several problems were found: the limited usage of dynamic verbs, the restricted application of dynamic verbs with various meanings, and low usage of verb-connected expressions in sentences. Based on the analysis above, the essential dynamic verbs were selected to improve the teaching method. The suggested teaching-learning methods of the selected dynamic verbs were the verb preparation learning, the verb-combined expression learning, and the word game using the verbs. In this article, the research was restricted within the dynamic verb; therefore, the state verb and the link verb, which express speakers emotions and thoughts, were not considered. It is needed to research further on the characteristics of the state verb and the link verb and complemnets used with these verbs.

변형성장인자-β1이 치주인대세포와 치은섬유아세포의 증식에 미치는 영향

조은경 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.12 No.1

미분화중배엽세포의 분화에 관여한다고 알려진 변형성장인자-β1이 초기배양한 치주인대세포와 치은섬유아세포에 각기 다른 농도와 시간에 따라 변형성장인자-β1을 주입했을때 두 세포의 세포증식능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 각 조건에 따른 두 세포간의 증식능을 상호 비교해 보고자 본 실험을 실시하였다. 교정치료를 목적으로 내원한 환자의 제 1소구치 부위의 정상치은을 절제하고, 건강한 제 1소구치를 발거하여 치은섬유아세포와 치주인대세포를 분리, 배양하여 변형성장인자-β1을 주입시키지 않은 군을 대조군으로 하고, 변형성장인자-β1을 각각 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5ng/ml로 주입시킨 군을 실험군으로 하여 24시간, 48시간, 72시간 동안 배양하였으며, 각 시간별 배양 24시간 전에 1μCi/ml[^3H]-thymidine을 첨가하여 [^3H]-thymidine이 DNA내로 편재되는 속도로써 두세포군의 증식능을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. DNA합성능에 미치는 변형성장인자-β1의 효과는 치주인대세포와 치은섬유아세포 모두에서 투여한 변형성장인자에 대하여 농도의존적으로 세포가 증식 하는 것으로 나타났다. 치은섬유아세포에 변형성장인자-β1을 투여한 군에서는 24, 48, 72시간 모두에서 각 대조군에 비하여 농도의존적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 24시간 적용시 대조군에 비해 1, 2.5, 5 ng/ml 투여군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이(P<0.05)를 나타내었고, 48시간 적용시에는 대조군에 비해 1, 2.5, 5 ng/ml 투여군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이(P<0.05)를 나타내었다. 48시간 적용시에 가장 높은 증식능을 보였으며 72시간 적용시에는 48시간 적용에 비해 전반적으로 증식능이 감소하는 경항을 보였다. 치주인대세포의 DNA 합성능에 미치는 변형성장인자-β의 효과는, 변형성장인자-β를 각각 24시간, 48시간 적용하였을때 각 대조군에 비하여 농도의존적으로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 24시간 적용시에 대조군에 비해 1, 2.5, 5ng/ml 투여군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이(P<0.05)를 나타내었고 48시간 적용시에 대조군에 비해 2.5, 5ng/ml 투여군에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이(P<0.05)를 나타내었다. 72시간 적용시에는 5ng/ml의 농도에서 증식능이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 48시간 적용시에 역시 가장 높은 증식능을 보였으며 72시간 적용에서는 48시간 적용에 비해 전반적으로 증식능이 감소되는 경향을 나타내었다. 변형성장인자-β1의 적용에 따른 치주인대세포와 치은섬유아세포의 증식능은 모든 적용시간과 농도별 비교에서 치은섬유아세포군이 치주인대세포군보다 더 높은것으로 나타났다. The use of transforming growth factor-β1 which function as potent biologic mediators regulating neumerous activities of wound healing has been suggested for the promotion of periodontal regeneration. The mitogenic effects of transforming growth factor-β1 on human periodontal cells and human gingival fibroblasts were evaluated by determing the incorporation of [^3H]-thymidine into DNA of the cells in a dose dependent manner. Cells were prepared primary cultured fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells from human, and used in experiments were the fourth or sixth subpasage Cells were seeded serum free DMEM containint 0.1%BSA. The added concentrations of TGF-β1 were 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5ng/ml and TGF-β1 were added to the quiescent cells for 24hour, 48hour, 72hour. They were labeled with 1μCi/ml [^3H]-thymidine for the last 24 hour of the each culture. The results were presented as the mean counts per minute (CPM) per well and S.D. of four determinations. The results were as follows: The DNA synthetic activity of human gingival fibroblasts was increased dose dependently by TGF-β1 at 24 hour, 48 hour and 72 hour. The maximum mitogenic effects were at the 48 hour of TGF-β1. The DNA synthetic activity was generally decreased at 72 hour than 48 hour the application of TGF-β1. The DNA synthetic activity of human periodontal ligament cells was increased dose depently by TGF-β1 at 24hour and 48hour. But the DNA synthetic activity was decreased at 5ng/ml of 72 hour. The maximum mitogenic effects were also at the 48hour of TGF-β1. The DNA synthetic activity of human periodontal ligament cells was generally decreased at 71 hour than 48 hour the application of TGF-β1. In the comparision of DNA synthetic activity between the human gingival fibroblasts and human periodontal ligament cells. The human gingival fibroblasts had more hihg activity than the human periodntal ligament cells at all time and the concentration of TGF-β1. In conclusion, TGF-β1 have important roles in stimulation of DNA synthesis in human PDL cells and HGF, which mean an increase in collagen synthesizing cells, and maybe useful for clinical application in periodontal regenerative procedures.

치매방지 작업기구 사용이 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

조경혜,박정은,윤지윤,문세보,박효영,정인옥,이정원 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2001 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.13 No.-

We developed an occupational therapy tool to maintain and improve the cognitive function for the elderly who have senile dementia. 86 elderly people took a mininal mental state examination (MMSE) for the therapy to perform the occupational therapy, and divided into three groups based on avarage ages and MMSE values. The occupational therapy was treated three times per week for 10 weeks. The results showed that there were significant differences in the performing scores before and after the treatment ; the scores for the occupational therapy were increased significantly (p<0.001) and the performing time was shortened from 6-week throughout 10-week regimen. This study was to examine the effect on the activity of antioxidant enzymes by occupational therapy. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, Glutathion-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased to the normal standard by the occupational therapy for the elderly having dementia. The recovery of activities of antioxidant enzymes was obvious in severe demented elderly compared to those in normal or mild demented elderly. These results suggest that the occupational therapy had an beneficial effect on the protection against the oxidative stress especially for severe demented elderly, and the occupational tool need to be modified so as to improve the protection against the oxidative stress for normal and/or mild demented elderly.