VAMAC-G Nanocomposites Using Montmorillonite and Cloisite

George Mathew,이성균,이종문,나창운 한국고분자학회 2004 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2004 No.04

Insomnia in Cancer - Associations and Implications

George, Mathew,Elias, Alby,Shafiei, Mohsen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: Insomnia is a common condition in cancer patients. In spite of the high prevalence its associations have not been well studied. Existing data suggests that insomnia is related to depression and pain. However, the impact of ongoing chemotherapy on sleep is not investigated. Aim: To study the relationship between insomnia and chemotherapy after analysing confounding variables. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients who visited New England Oncology Clinic in Tamworth were recruited. Insomnia was assessed with the Bergen insomnia scale. The Montgomery Asberg Depression rating scale was used to measure depression. Pain was assessed with the Brief Pain inventory. Chronic medical conditions, type of cancer, side effects to chemotherapy, role of steroids and other drugs were studied as confounders. Results: A total of 56 patients participated in the study. Age ranged from 33 to 83 years (mean: 63.6, SD=10.97). There were 29 men and 27 women. 42 patients received at least one form of chemotherapy and 15 were receiving radiotherapy at the time of assessment. Mean insomnia score was significantly higher in those receiving chemotherapy than in those without chemotherapy (8.92 vs 17.2, two tailed p=0.005, 95% CI=2.63-13.71). There was no significant variation in insomnia scores in terms of chronic medical condition, type of cancer, psychiatric history, use of steroids or adverse effects of chemotherapy. However, total insomnia score was correlated with depression rating score (Pearson correlation, r=0.39, p=0.003) and magnitude of pain (r=0.37, p=0.006). On regression analysis only pain was found to be predictive of insomnia. Conclusions: Insomnia in patients with cancer is found to be associated with concurrent chemotherapy and correlated with degree of depression and pain. Identifying factors related to insomnia in cancer population has implications in its management and patient education.

Temporal Trends and Future Prediction of Breast Cancer Incidence Across Age Groups in Trivandrum, South India

Mathew, Aleyamma,George, Preethi Sara,Arjunan, Asha,Augustine, Paul,Kalavathy, MC,Padmakumari, G,Mathew, Beela Sarah Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.6

Background: Increasing breast cancer (BC) incidence rates have been reported from India; causal factors for this increased incidence are not understood and diagnosis is mostly in advanced stages. Trivandrum exhibits the highest BC incidence rates in India. This study aimed to estimate trends in incidence by age from 2005-2014, to predict rates through 2020 and to assess the stage at diagnosis of BC in Trivandrum. Materials and Methods: BC cases were obtained from the Population Based Cancer Registry, Trivandrum. Distribution of stage at diagnosis and incidence rates of BC [Age-specific (ASpR), crude (CR) and age-standardized (ASR)] are described and employed with a joinpoint regression model to estimate average annual percent changes (AAPC) and a Bayesian model to estimate predictive rates. Results: BC accounts for 31% (2681/8737) of all female cancers in Trivandrum. Thirty-five percent (944/2681) are <50 years of age and only 9% present with stage I disease. Average age increased from 53 to 56.4 years (p=0.0001), CR (per $10^5$ women) increased from 39 (ASR: 35.2) to 55.4 (ASR: 43.4), AAPC for CR was 5.0 (p=0.001) and ASR was 3.1 (p=0.001). Rates increased from 50 years. Predicted ASpR is 174 in 50-59 years, 231 in > 60 years and overall CR is 80 (ASR: 57) for 2019-20. Conclusions: BC, mostly diagnosed in advanced stages, is rising rapidly in South India with large increases likely in the future; particularly among post-menopausal women. This increase might be due to aging and/or changes in lifestyle factors. Reasons for the increased incidence and late stage diagnosis need to be studied.

Risk Awareness on Uterine Cancer among Australian Women

George, Mathew,Asab, Nihad Abu,Varughese, Elizabeth,Irwin, Matthew,Oldmeadow, Christopher,Hollebone, Keith,Apen, Kenneth,Renner, Stefan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23

Uterine cancer is the most common invasive gynaecological cancer in Australia. Early detection is a key predictive factor achieved by increasing public awareness and participation in screening. This observational study measures awareness of gynaecological malignancies, particularly uterine, among women in two rural areas of New South Wales, Australia. Patients presenting to gynaecology clinics in January to March 2014 were invited to complete a structured questionnaire. Women with a history of cancer and incomplete questionnaires were excluded. Of the 382 patients invited to participate, 329 (86%) responded with complete feedback. Most respondents were younger than than 50 years (66%) and married with at least 2 children (74%). The majority (94%) of participants had no awareness of uterine cancer and many (46%) were unable to identify common risk factors including obesity, diabetes and hypertension. The ability to identify risk factors was correlated to age, marital status and obesity. The study identifies poor awareness on uterine malignancies in two typical areas of rural Australia. Although external validity is limited by sociological factors, poor awareness of uterine cancer among rural patients in this study represents a valid public health concern. It is imperative to improve awareness of uterine cancer and available screening programs to facilitate early detection and cure.

Epidemiology of Oral Lichen Planus in a Cohort of South Indian Population: A Retrospective Study

Soma Susan Varghese,Giju Baby George,Sreenivasan Bargavan Sarojini1,Sankar Vinod,Philips Mathew,Deepu George Mathew,Joseph Sebastian,Arun George 대한암예방학회 2016 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.21 No.1

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an immune-mediated potentially malignant disorder of the oral cavity. Dysplastic OLP has an altered cytogenic profile and can progress into oral squamous cell carcinoma. The epidemiology of OLP is well-described in several relatively large series from various geographic locations, whereas such series from southern India is rare. The aim of the present study was to determine the epidemiology of OLP in a cohort of South Indian population. Methods: All the case data records of 29,606 patients who visited Mar Baselios Dental College and Hospital, Kerala, India from 2014 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. For data review, 122 patients of OLP were selected Estimated were type, number, and location of lesions, clinical manifestation, age of the patient, gender, onset and duration of lesion, stressful life style, habits, skin involvement and associated systemic illness, and presence/absence of dysplasia. Results: When the distribution of OLP among the gender was considered, we found more prevalence in females than males. Fifty-seven percent of patients were associated with stressful lifestyle. Reticular lichen planus was the most common clinical subtype found. Bilateral buccal mucosal was the common site, when the distribution of sites of OLP were compared (P < 0.05). Hypersensitivity reaction was frequently associated with systemic illness with OLP (P < 0.05). Anaplasia was found among 5% of lichen planus lesions. Conclusions: OLP patients had high incidence of hypersensitivity reactions and 5% of OLP lesions showed anaplasia. Long term follow-up is necessary to monitor the recurrence, prognosis, and malignant transformation of OLP.

Non-uniform effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the air quality in different local climate zones of the urban region of Kochi, India

George Thomas,Jobin Thomas,Anju V Mathew,R S Devika,Anju Krishnan,Amrutha J Nair 대한공간정보학회 2023 Spatial Information Research Vol.31 No.2

Deterioration of ambient air quality associated with urbanisation is a serious concern in many parts of the world. In India, air pollution, primarily due to particulate matter, has increased exponentially in the last few decades due to rapid urbanization, industrialization and population growth. This study investigates the non-uniform influence of COVID-19 lockdown on the ambient air quality of three distinct local climate zones (LCZs) within the urban region of Kochi (Kerala, India). The analysis of the air pollutant data of the ambient air quality monitoring stations during the pre-lockdown (PRLD), lockdown (LD) and post-lockdown (PTLD) periods of 2021 implies the significance of lockdown measures in the improvement of urban air quality. The air quality index (AQI) exhibits characteristic variability in different LCZs and contrasting behaviour between the LD period of 2020 and 2021, primarily due to the differences in the lockdown restrictions and strategies as well as the influence of local climatic factors. This study highlights the need for multiple monitoring stations in the urban regions with respect to different LCZs to identify the urban air quality hot spots.

Effect of Counter-doping Thickness on Double-gate MOSFET Characteristics

George James T,Saji Joseph,Vincent Mathew 대한전자공학회 2010 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.10 No.2

This paper presents a study of the influence of variation of counter doping thickness on short channel effect in symmetric double-gate (DG) nano MOSFETs. Short channel effects are estimated from the computed values of current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. Two dimensional Quantum transport equations and Poisson equations are used to compute DG MOSFET characteristics. We found that the transconductance (gm) and the drain conductance (gd) increase with an increase in p-type counter-doping thickness (Tc). Very high value of transconductance (gm= 38 mS/㎛) is observed at 2.2 ㎚ channel thickness. We have established that the threshold voltage of DG MOSFETs can be tuned by selecting the thickness of counter-doping in such device.

Threshold Voltage Control through Layer Doping of Double Gate MOSFETs

Saji Joseph,George James T,Vincent Mathew 대한전자공학회 2010 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.10 No.3

Double Gate MOSFETs (DG MOSFETs) with doping in one or two thin layers of an o therwise intrinsic channel are simulated to obtain the transport characteristics, threshold voltage and leakage current. Two different device structures- one with doping on two layers near the top and bottom oxide layers and another with doping on a single layer at the centre- are simulated and the variation of device parameters with a change in doping concentration and doping layer thickness is studied. It is observed that an n-doped layer in the channel reduces the threshold voltage and increases the drive current, when compared with a device of undoped channel. The reduction in the threshold voltage and increase in the drain current are found to increase with the thickness and the level of doping of the layer. The leakage current is larger than that of an undoped channel, but less than that of a uniformly doped channel. For a channel with p-doped layer, the threshold voltage increases with the level of doping and the thickness of the layer, accompanied with a reduction in drain current. The devices with doped middle layers and doped gate layers show almost identical behavior, apart from the slight difference in the drive current. The doping level and the thickness of the layers can be used as a tool to adjust the threshold voltage of the device indicating the possibility of easy fabrication of ICs having FETs of different threshold voltages, and the rest of the channel, being intrinsic having high mobility, serves to maintain high drive current in comparison with a fully doped channel.

Cyclodextrin-mediated gold nanoparticles as multisensing probe for the selective detection of hydroxychloroquine drug

Jaise Mariya George,Beena Mathew 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.3

β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) modified gold nanoparticles (AuNP) were rapidly synthesized using microwave assisted procedure. Parameters, such as time, pH and concentrations of β-CD and gold, were optimized for the synthesis of β-CD-AuNP. The addition of enantiomers and racemic mixture of hydroxychloroquine (R-HCQ, S-HCQ and RS-HCQ) drugs and their interaction with β-CD led to a red shift in the surface plasmon resonance of β-CD-AuNP. The changes associated with the introduction of HCQ in β-CD-AuNP were studied using various characterization techniques such as UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. The host-guest interaction of β-cyclodextrin with S-HCQ, RHCQ and RS-HCQ resulted in the aggregation of gold nanoparticles. The surface plasmon resonance at 521 nm for β- CD-AuNP was shifted to 600, 620 and 670 nm on the addition of S-HCQ, R-HCQ and RS-HCQ, respectively, with a color change from pink to blue. The selectivity and sensitivity of the developed system for RS-HCQ were investigated and the limit of detection (LOD=3 s/m) was found to be 2.61, 0.15, and 0.85 nM for optical, fluorescence and electrochemical methods, respectively. The successful monitoring of RS-HCQ drug in pharmaceutical samples is possible with these techniques.

Validation of aseptic processes for pharmaceuticals

Lincy Joseph,Mathew George,Saurabh Kumar Jain 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2010 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.10 No.4

Sterile Products may be broadly classified into two main categories, according to the manner in which they are produced: those which are sterilized after the product has been filled and sealed in the final container(s) (“terminally sterilized” products) and those where the sterilization stage (or stages) takes place is it before or after the bulk product filled in to final container. In this latter instance, all subsequent processing (typically, the filling and sealing operations) must be conducted aseptically in order to prevent recontamination of the sterilized product. The two most common pharmaceutical applications of aseptic processing methods are (a) the filling of liquid products following sterilization by filtration and (b) the filling of previously sterilized bulk powder products. An aseptic processing operation should be tested using a microbiological growth medium (media fill) during lyophilized injection formulation, filling, loading, lyophilisation, stoppering, and unloading activities.