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녹비작물 및 Charcoal 처리가 생강 생육 및 토양 특성에 미치는 영향
양홍석,김동진,안병구,이진호,Yang, Hong-Seok,Kim, Dong-Jin,Ahn, Byung-Koo,Lee, Jin-Ho 한국유기농업학회 2014 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.22 No.3
녹비작물로서 녹비보리와 헤어리베치를 환원하고, 토양개량제로서 charcoal을 시용하여 생강연작 재배지에서 생강을 재배한 결과, 토양 pH가 시험 전 6.9~8.1에서 수확 후 6.8~7.6로 감소하였으며, 전기전도도(electrical conductivity, EC)는 한 시험 전 $0.45{\sim}1.25dSm^{-1}$에서 수확 후 $0.30{\sim}0.61dSm^{-1}$로 감소하였다. 토양유기물(soil organic matter, SOM) 함량과 토양 중 총질소(total-nitrogen, T-N) 함량은 증가하였다. 유효인산 함량과 치환성 K, Ca, Mg 함량은 유의성 있는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 그러나, 토양 pH를 중성화시키고, EC 경감, SOM과 T-N 함량의 증가는 토양 화학성 변화에 있어 긍정적으로 평가할 수 있다. 생강양분의 함량적 차이를 정상근과 이병근의 함량 차이, 토양의 점토함량 별 양분 함량 차이로 조사한 결과, 유의성이 있는 결과를 얻었으며, 처리구별로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 망간(manganese, Mn)의 경우, 이병근의 지하부에서 3~4배 정도 높은 것으로 나타났는데, 망간(Mn)은 식물 뿌리에 대한 독성 작용으로 뿌리를 갈변시키고 균열을 일으키는 것으로 보고된바, 뿌리썩음병의 발생으로 Mn이 작용하여 이병근의 Mn 함량이 높은 것으로 보인다. 따라서, 뿌리썩음병과 Mn의 상관관계를 밝히는 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 생강 수확 후 생강 생육 상태와 생산량을 조사한 결과, 녹비보리, 헤어리베치, 녹비보리+charcoal, 헤어리베치+charcoal을 처리한 시험구(Plot 2, Plot 3, Plot 4, Plot 5)에서 생강의 생육상태가 양호하고 생산량이 높아 병발생률이 상대적으로 낮게 나타났다. 특히, Plot 4(헤어리베치+charcoal)-LCC에서는 100%의 생산량을 보였다. 녹비작물과 charcoal의 처리가 생강생육과 생산에 있어 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 그리고, 상대적으로 점토함량이 낮은 처리구가 점토함량이 높은 처리구보다 생육 상태와 생산량에서 우세하였는데, 모래와 점토 함량 차이에 따른 배수와 토양의 수분보유력이 생강생육에 큰 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to investigate ginger growth and its nutrient uptake depending on changes of soil properties as affected by applications of green manure crop and/or charcoal in continuous cropping system. The green manure crops applied were barley and hairy vetch, and charcoal was additionally treated in selected plots as a soil conditioner. Experimental plots were prepared as Plot 1 (control), Plot 2 (barley of 8kg $10a^{-1}$), Plot 3 (hairy vetch of 12kg $10a^{-1}$), Plot 4 (charcoal of 1,000kg $10a^{-1}$ and barley 8kg $10a^{-1}$), and Plot 5 (charcoal of 1,000kg $10a^{-1}$ and hairy vetch of 12kg $10a^{-1}$) with two different soil conditions (high clay content, HCC and low clay content, LCC). When comparing selected chemical properties of soils before and after cultivating ginger plant, soil pH decreased from 6.9~8.1 to 6.8~7.6, and electrical conductivity (EC) also declined from $0.45{\sim}1.25dSm^{-1}$ to $0.30{\sim}0.61dSm^{-1}$. However, the content of soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (T-N) increased. Thus, the soil chemical properties were improved with the applications of green manures and charcoal. Also, macro- and micro-nutrient contents of ginger plants in the different plots were various between normal and diseased plants grown in soils with HCC and LCC. In particular, the concentration of manganese (Mn) was 3~4 folds higher in the diseased plant than in the normal plants. Ginger growth status and yield was relatively improved with the applications of green manures and charcoal as comparing with control plot. Especially in the Plot 4 with LCC, the ginger plant was not infected by root-rot disease.
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양홍석,서영찬,권수안,Yang, Hong-Suk,Suh, Young-Chan,Kwon, Soo-Ahn 한국도로학회 2001 한국도로포장공학회 논문집 Vol.3 No.3
콘크리트포장의 구조적 능력을 평가하는 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나는 하중전달효과이다. 하중전달효과는 슬래브 상 하부 온도차, 다우월바 시공여부, 포장 노후도, 그리고 균열틈 등에 영향을 받는다. 본 연구의 목적은 콘크리트 포장의 하중전달효과 특성을 파악하고 하중전달효과에 영향을 주는 요소를 정량화하고 적절한 하중전달효과 조사방법을 제시하는 것이다. 연구결과 하중전달효과는 슬래브 표면온도가 아닌 슬래브 평균온도 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 하중전달효과는 온도가 내려가고 균열틈이 벌어질수록 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 다우월바를 시공한 구간의 경우 온도변화에 따라 하중전달효과는 큰 차이를 보이지 않은 반면, 다우월바를 시공하지 않은 구간에서는 온도가 내려갈수록 하중전달효과는 급격히 감소하였다. 다우월바를 시공한 구간이라도 포장이 노후화되면 하중전달효과는 온도가 하락함에 따라 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 조사대상 구간에서는 슬래브 단위온도 하락시 하중전달효과는 1.4% 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. One of the most important factors accounting for the structural capacity of concrete pavement is load transfer efficiency. Load transfer efficiency is affected by slab temperature gradient, construction of dowel bars, degree of aging, and crack width. The purpose of this study is to determine the patterns of load transfer efficiency of concrete pavement; to determine the factors that affect the load transfer efficiency; and to present the proper measuring method of load transfer efficiency. As a result from this study, load transfer efficiency was affected primarily by the average temperature in concrete slab. Load transfer efficiency decreased with decreasing temperature and increasing crack width. For the sections with dowel bars, there were little differences in load transfer efficiency regardless of temperature changes. For the sections without dowel bars, however, there on great losses of load transfer efficiency at low temperatures. For the old pavement, even in the sections with dowel bars, the load transfer efficiency reduced as the temperature dropped For the sections in this study, 1.4% reduction of the load transfer efficiency was observed for each $1^{\circ}C$ drop in the slab temperature.
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아메리칸시스템, American System,과 역사가들
양홍석 ( Hong Seuk Yang ) 한국서양사학회 2012 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.112
This critical essay aims at understanding and criticizing Ha, Songho`s The Rise and Fall of American System, London: Pickering & Chatto Publishers, 2009,. Ha has a very insightful approach to the new interpretation of American System. Specially, he strives to find new cultural and intellectual dimension of the American System. Unfortunately, his approach is quite limited. He has a dichotomous way of thinking. As a result, he looks upon supporters about American System as good men, while viewing the opponents as evil. Specially, the important parts of American system such as internal improvement, bank veto, the Indian Removal Act, and tariff acts between 1790 and 1840 could not be understood just as a pros and cons controversy. There were many arguments in the controversy at that time. Until now, the general interpretations about these controversies focused on the cause and political thought on the States` Right. But Ha never considered this important dual sovereignty controversy. All the American politicians dreamed a real utopian republic in the New World. When the United States of America had been established in the New World, the founding Fathers insisted that the new nation should be a republic with self-control and appropriate territorial scale based on the States established in earlier colonial times. This political economy was much more important in Sovereignty Units than Union Rights. These traditional American causes have effected on the so-called American System controversy. Specially, for example, President Andrew Jackson who, historian Ha criticized for his strong opposition to Henry Clay`s American System, firmly supported these Jeffersonian and Madisonian traditions and State Right. The Jacksonian Democracy symbolized the very States` Right. Historian Ha`s interpretation of the American System needs to understand the American political economy and political engineering controversy such as dual sovereignty system.
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梁弘錫(Yang, Hong-Seuk) 역사교육연구회 2017 역사교육 Vol.142 No.-
This review article aims to understand the awful otherness and strange interpretations in the Korean high school history textbooks, which could not be understood by even those who are the professional historians at home and abroad. Also It is to seek and solve the correct answers in these problems. The high school history textbooks in Korea mainly interested such three topics as the American Revolution, Civil War and finally New Deal. But their writings are monotonous in the explanation of the causes and effects in these three momentums. And if we would have revised edition in the next year, furthermore interests are needed in these prospects.
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양홍석(Yang Hong-Seok),김명준(Kim Myung-Jun),정갑철(Jeong Gab-Chul) 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.27 No.1
According to the housing performance indicator system(HPIS), sound insulation performance of separating walls between units is being evaluated to 3 kinds of grade. For this reason, development of design methods of separating walls with sound insulation performance appropriate to the each grade is being required. In this study, small sized lightweight panel using bottom ash was used for the basic structure, and 46 kinds of separating wall were measured by changing of surface density, depth of air space and absorber. The result shows that the single-number quantities(Rw+C) of single panels have the sound insulation performance less than third grade. In the case of double panel installing air space, Rw+C was evaluated to second or third grade for almost kinds of the structure, so it didn't satisfy the first grade suggesting in HPIS. Double panel structures containing air space and absorber almost have the sound insulation performance of first grade.
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