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A Discount Policy for Perishable Items Sold from Two Shops
이가람(Ga Ram Lee),오용희(Yonghui Oh),황학(Hark Hwang) 한국경영과학회 2008 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2
This paper deals with two shops dealing with single perishable product:the fresh items are sold at a list price in the primary shop and the unsold items that have reached a certain allowed age are transferred to the secondary shop to be sold at a discounted price. It is assumed that the demand rates in two shops are independent each other and can be expressed as a function of inventory level and price. With the objective of maximizing the profit under a Last-In-first-Out (LIFO) issuing policy, we develop mathematical models for the following two cases:(1) opening primary shop only and (2) opening both primary shop and secondary shop. There are three decision variables, i.e., the reduced price in the secondary shop, the allowed age at the primary shop, and the order quantities at the primary shop. A solution procedure is developed based on tabu search and its validity is illustrated through a comparative study.
CO2와 수온 증가에 대한 봄철 저수온기 팔당호 식물플랑크톤군집 변화
이가람 ( Ka Ram Lee ),성은주 ( Eun Ju Sung ),박혜진 ( Hye Jin Park ),박채홍 ( Chae Hong Park ),박명환 ( Myung Hwan Park ),황순진 ( Soon Jin Hwang ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2013 생태와 환경 Vol.46 No.4
This study investigated the influence of temperature and CO2 increase on phytoplankton growth and community structure during cold water season (spring) in Lake Paldang, Korea. Four experimental treatments of temperature and CO2 manipulation were prepared in the laboratory batch culture: (1) Control; ambient low temperature (6±2.C) and low CO2 (air level, 400 mg L-1), (2) T1; low temperature and high CO2 (800 mg L-1), (3) T2; high temperature (20±2.C) and low CO2, (4) T3; high temperature and high CO2. Algal growth experiment was carried out for 10 days under the light intensity of 70 μmol m-2 s-1 (L:D=24 : 0). The level of pH decreased in both T1 and T3, due to dissolution of added CO2. The dominant phytoplankton species of ambient water, Cyclotella meneghiniana succeeded to Fragilaria capucina var. gracilis in high-temperature treatment groups (T2 and T3). Cyanobacteria were very rare at the beginning of the experiment, while Oscillatoria limnetica appeared in only high-temperature groups (T2 and T3) at 6~7th day. CO2 addition in ambient temperature (T1) induced the highest phytoplankton growth, and thereby producing the highest average cell density of 3.27±0.33 104 cells mL-1, followed by T2 (2.65±0.26 104 cells mL-1), T3 (2.09±0.16 104 cells mL-1), and Control (1.86±0.13 104 cells mL-1) (F=7.167, p=0.000). In summary, temperature increase changed the phytoplankton community structure and CO2 increase promoted the phytoplankton growth during the cold spring season in Lake Paldang, suggesting a potential effect of climate change on freshwater phytoplankton.
계명대학교 의과대학 교육성과 코호트의 구축과 운영 사례
김순구,이애화,이가람,황일선 연세대학교 의과대학 2023 의학교육논단 Vol.25 No.2
An educational outcome cohort has been established at Keimyung University School of Medicine to help make educational policy decisions and improve educational programs based on data. The purpose of the educational outcome cohort is to support educational policy decisions for achieving graduation outcomes smoothly and to accomplish the intended human resources development of the university through objective analyses and regular monitoring, providing continuous feedback. The data collected for the educational outcome cohort include the student identifications of freshmen, entrance exam scores, premedical and medical school grades, titles and forms of student academic research, the results of psychological testing, scholarship recipient lists, volunteer clubs, and so forth. The data are collected using an information utilization agreement approved by the Institutional Review Board, and the collected data are encrypted and stored on a dedicated computer for enhanced personal information security. Proposals to access and utilize the educational outcome cohort data must be discussed and approved by the Educational Outcome Cohort Committee, which decides on the scope and method of utilization. The collected and managed educational outcome cohort data have been used to develop comparative programs to improve students’ competency and to support admission policy decisions through an analysis of the characteristics and performance of medical school students. The establishment and utilization of the educational outcome cohort will play an important role in determining the School of Medicine’s educational policies and suggesting new directions for educational policies in the future.
신성우 ( Sung Woo Shin ),황가람 ( Ga Ram Hwang ),이창준 ( Chang Joon Lee ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2014 한국안전학회지 Vol.29 No.5
Assessment of setting process of concrete is important as it provides useful information to schedule concreting work in construction site. Electrical impedance measurement method, which utilizes the change of electrical resistance of concrete, has been applied to assess setting process of cement-based materials. However, the applicability of the method has been demonstrated only for cement paste and mortar. The main purpose of this research is to develop the electrical impedance based setting process assessment for concrete. To this end, electrical impedance response model for concrete should be developed in advance since it is essential to estimate the electrical resistance of concrete from measured impedance response. The electrical resistance of concrete is a key parameter for the setting process assessment. In this study electrical impedance responses of the concrete in setting process are measured and analyzed. Thereby, an electrical impedance response model of the liquid state concrete is developed and schematically validated.
조미경,구병철,김가란,천홍섭,이지영,이환희,조아라,황가람,강신후,오지현,진현아,Cho, Mi-Kyoung,Koo, Byung-Chul,Kim, Ga-Ran,Cheon, Hong-Seop,Lee, Jee-Young,Lee, Hwan-Hee,Cho, A-Ra,Whang, Ga-Ram,Kang, Shin-Hu,Oh, Ji-Hyeon,Jin, Hyun-A 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 2017 간호학의 지평 Vol.14 No.2
Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors that affect the expected frequency of performance and the importance in nursing practice of total care service recognized by nursing college students. Methods: This is a descriptive study. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted on 288 nursing students of E university and data was collected and analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The average scores for the expected frequency of performance and the importance in nursing practice of total care service were $4.07{\pm}0.58$ and $4.00{\pm}0.50$ respectively. The expected frequency of performance was found to have a significantly positive correlation with the importance in nursing practice. Additionally, the factors that influenced the degree of recognition in the expected frequency of performance and the importance in nursing practice of total care service among nursing students were comfortable care and respiratory care, respectively. Conclusion: The major finding of this study shows a significantly positive correlation between the expected frequency of performance and the importance in nursing practice. These results suggest that effective and systematic education is needed on factors affecting the expected frequency of performance and the importance in nursing practice for nursing college students.