품종 및 재배지역별 과채류와 과실류의 유리당 함량 비교 분석

하태문,원선이,서재순,강희윤,이대형,권영희,Ha, Tai-Moon,Won, Seon-Yi,Seo, Jaesoon,Kang, Heui-Yun,Lee, Dae-Hyoung,Keuyn, Young-Hee 한국식품영양학회 2019 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.32 No.4

The objective of this study was to analyze the free sugar contents of ten kinds of fruits and fruit vegetables that were collected from many district in Korea. The analyzed results will be used as basic nutrition component reference to processing. The results were summarized as follows. The total free sugar contents among the ten kinds of fruit vegetables was highest in grape. The contents of glucose, fructose and sucrose were 6.39%, 6.27%, 0.28%, respectively. The average total sugar contents of four cultivar of apple was 11.42% and average fructose contents was 6.13%. The free sugar contents of thirteen samples of the same cultivar of apple were all differing with statistical significance. The average total free sugar contents of eight cultivar of peach was 8.66%. In case of tomato, glucose content was approximately 1.35~2.83% and fructose was 1.26~2.51%. The contents of glucose, fructose and sucrose in paprika were 2.19%, 2.06%, 0.1%, respectively.

백령느타리 신품종 '우람'의 육성 및 특성

하태문,정구현,김정숙,최종인,김정한,이용선,정윤경,Ha, Tai-Moon,Jung, Gu-Hyun,Kim, Jeoung-Suk,Choi, Jong-In,Kim, Jeong-Han,Lee, Yong-Seon,Jeong, Yung-Kyeoung 한국버섯학회 2021 한국버섯학회지 Vol.19 No.2

국내육성 품종의 부족과 자실체 발생이 불안정한 단점을 보완하고 병해에 강한 백령버섯 신품종 육성을 위해 2015년부터 국내외에서 유전자원을 수집하고 특성검정 후 교배, 특성검정, 생산력 검정, 농가실증 등의 과정을 통해 육성한 백령버섯 신품종 '우람'의 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. 균사생장적온은 26~29℃, 발이 및 생육온도는 15~18℃, 갓형태 평편형, 갓색 백색으로 대조품종(KME 65035)과 유사하였다. 초발이소요일수는 병재배 시 5일, 봉지재배 시 6일로 대조품종보다 2~4일 짧았다. 대직경은 32.6~37.0 mm로 대조품종 44.3~53.1 mm보다 작았으나, 자실체장은 130.4 mm로 대조품종 114.8~115.2 mm보다 길었다. 자실체 유효경수는 병재배 시 1.8개, 봉지재배 시 2.9개로 대조품종보다 많았다. 발이율은 93.3~100%로 대조품종 보다 안정적이었다. 병재배 및 봉지재배 시 수량은 각각 173.1 g/병(1,100cc), 283.4 g/봉지(1.2 kg)으로 대조품종 138.0 g/병(1100cc), 197.4 g봉지(1.2 kg) 보다 25~44% 높았다. 모본 및 대조품종과 대치 배양시 대치선이 뚜렷하였고, 균사체 DNA PCR반응 결과, 밴드패턴이 모본 및 대조품종과 다른 양상을 보여 교배종임을 확인할 수 있었다. This study was carried out to breed new variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and abroad since 2015. The varieties of P. nebrodensis from China are grown by farmers, but those have been unstable fruiting and are weak against bacterial diseases. To solve this problem, we bred the unique domestic variety 'Uram' of P. nebrodensis and the results of the characteristic test for the new 'Uram' are as follows. The proper temperature for the mycelial growth was 26~29℃ and fruit body growth temperature was 15~18℃. It was similar to the control variety KME65035 of P. nebrodensis in the pileus form of a flat and white color. The number of days required for initial fruting was 5 days for bottle cultivation and 6 days for bag cultivation which was 2-4 days shorter than that of the control variety. The pileus diameter was 32.6-37.0 mm which was smaller but the fruit body length was 130.4 mm, which was longer than those of the control variety. The effective number of fruit bodies was 1.8 in bottle cultivation and 2.9 in bag cultivation, which was more than those of the control variety. The yield rate was 93.3-100%, which was more stable than those of the control variety. In bottle cultivation and bag cultivation, the yield was 173.1 g/bottle (1100 cc) and 283.4 g/bag (1.2 kg), respectively, which was 25-44% higher than those of the control variety 138.0 g/bottle (1100 cc) and 197.4 g bag (1.2 kg). When incubating the parent and control varieties of 'Uram', the replacement line was clear and as a result of mycelial DNA RAPD-PCR reaction, the band pattern was different from that of the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

보문 : 느타리버섯 폐면배지의 발효조건별 이화학적 특성

하태문 ( Tai Moon Ha ),윤선미 ( Seon Mee Yoon ),주영철 ( Young Cheuol Ju ),성재모 ( Jae Mo Sung ) 한국균학회 2008 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.36 No.2

표고 톱밥재배용 신품종 '다담' 육성

김정한,신복음,백일선,최종인,하태문,정구현,Kim, Jeong-han,Shin, Bok-Eum,Baek, Il-Sun,Choi, Jong-In,Ha, Tai-Moon,Jung, Gu-Hyun 한국버섯학회 2021 한국버섯학회지 Vol.19 No.2

표고 톱밥재배용 다수성 품종 육성을 위해 수집균주 중 우량계통의 단포자 교배로 육성한 '다담'의 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. '다담'의 균사생장 적온은 19~22℃, 발이 및 생육온도는 13~20℃, 발생형은 산발형으로 대조품종 '화담'과 유사하였고, 형태는 평편형으로 평반구형인 '화담' 차이가 있었다. 또한, 자실체 갓색은 '화담' 보다 진하고, 갓두께는 얇고, 대길이는 긴 특성을 가졌다. '다담'의 총 재배기간은 135~139일로 '화담'의 138~142과 크게 차이 나지 않았다. '다담'의 3주기까지 수량은 621 g으로 '화담' 371 g 보다 67% 많았다. 주기별 수량 양상을 보면, '다담'과 '화담' 모두 3주기 수량의 80~83%를 2주기 동안 수확할 수 있었다. 특히, '다담'은 1주기 수량비중이 60%로 '화담' 52%보다 1주기에 수량이 집중되는 특성을 보였다. 농가실증시험 결과, '다담'은 농가재배 품종인 'L808' 보다 다소 갓크기는 작고 대길이가 길었고 재배기간과 수량은 큰 차이 없었다. '다담'의 발생한 자실체 개체는 1개 배지에 평균 15개로 'L808'의 47개에 비해 약 3배정도 적어 솎기에 투입되는 노동력을 절감하는 효과가 기대된다. A new cultivar of oak mushroom 'Dadam' was bred from monokaryotic strains of 'GMLE36062-4' and 'GMLE36288-34'. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth of the new cultivar 'Dadam' on potato dextrose agar was 19-22℃. Total cultivation period of the new cultivar, from innoculation to its first harvest, was 135-139 days, similar to that of the control cultivar 'Hwadam'. The pileus color and stipe thickness of the new cultivar were darker and thinner than those of 'Hwadam'. Total yield of 'Dadam' was 621 g per 3 kg substrate, and is higher than that of 'Hwadam' (371 g). In farmhouse field test, it showed that the period of mycelial growth, browning, and fruiting body formation were the same as those of the control cultivar L808. The number of available fruiting bodies of 'Dadam' was 15, and is lower than that of the control (47), therefore, it was possible to save workforce in thinning. The total yield for 2 flush was 480 g for 'Dadam', similar to the 473 g of the control cultivar.

잎새버섯차의 전처리방법에 따른 품질특성 및 항산화활성

신복음,이자영,김정한,최종인,하태문,정구현,Shin, Bok-Eum,Lee, Ja-Young,Kim, Jeong-Han,Choi, Jong-In,Ha, Tai-Moon,Jeong, Gu-Hyun 한국버섯학회 2020 한국버섯학회지 Vol.18 No.3

본 연구에서는 전처리방법별로 잎새버섯차를 제조하여 차의 pH, 색도 등의 품질과 아미노산 및 항산화활성을 분석하여 비교하였다. 건조, 증숙, 보온처리 버섯차를 제조하여 추출액의 품질을 조사한 결과 건조와 증숙처리 차의 당도, 고형분, 질소함량 차이는 없었고 보온처리 차의 값이 다른 처리에 비해 높았다. 버섯차의 색도는 보온처리에서 가장 진하고 어두웠으며 보온처리 차가 462.9 mg/L로 총 아미노산 함량이 1.8배 이상 높아 보온처리에 의한 차의 추출성분 변화가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 보온처리 버섯차의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 14.6 mg/g, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 2.2 mg/g으로 증가하였고 페놀성 화합물의 증가로 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성도 증가하였다. 또한 맛의 기호도도 7.0으로 소폭 증가하여 보온처리는 잎새버섯의 영양성분과 항산화활성의 추출을 용이하도록하고 관능적 품질도 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. Grifola frondosa is a promising new kind of cultivated mushroom owing to its excellent taste and functionality. However, more research is required to determine its value. In this study, the effects of pretreating Grifola frondosa tea by drying, steaming, and warming, on quality characteristics and antioxidant activities were analyzed. There was no difference in sugar, soluble solid, and nitrogen content between dried and steamed tea. The color of the warm pretreated tea was the darkest, and the amino acid content was 462.9 mg/L, which was 1.8 times higher than that of the other pretreatments. Moreover, the warm pretreated tea had the highest total polyphenol and flavonoid content, 14.6 mg/g and 2.2 mg/g, respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities significantly increased with the increase of phenolic compounds. Warming pre-treatment slightly increased the taste preference to 7.0. In conclusion, warming Grifola frondosa before drying was confirmed to improve the extraction of nutrients, antioxidants, and taste preference.

느타리 톱밥종균 배지조성에 따른 생산성 비교

최종인,최준영,김정한,구옥,김연진,하태문,정구현,Choi, Jong-In,Choi, Jun-Yeong,Kim, Jeong-Han,Gu, Ok,Kim, Yeon-Jin,Ha, Tai-Moon,Jung, Gu-Hyun 한국버섯학회 2021 한국버섯학회지 Vol.19 No.1

느타리 종균배지재료인 미송톱밥과 미강을 대체할 수 있는 재료를 선발하기 위하여 실시하였다. 톱밥의 pH는 4.9~6.1, 총질소함량은 0.21~0.26%, 총탄소함량은 49.0~50.2%를 나타내며 조지방은 0.3~0.7%를 함유하고 있다. 종균 혼합배지의 pH는 5.3~5.9, 총질소함량은 0.65~1.11%, 총탄소함량은 47.0~49.1%를 나타내었다. C/N율은 총질소 함량이 낮은 미루나무톱밥 혼합배지에서 높게 나타났으며, 단백질 함량은 미송톱밥이 함유되어 있는 배지에서 높게 나타났다. 느타리 균사생장은 미강보다 밀기울이 포함되어 있는 배지에서 균사생장 속도가 빨랐다. 수량은 '곤지7호', '춘추2호', '흑타리', '수한1호' 순으로 높았으며, T4(미루나무톱밥:참나무톱밥:미강) 배지에서 가장 높은 생산성을 나타내었으나 처리 간 유의성이 없었다. 느타리 농가에서는 자가종균 제조 시 주변에서 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 미루나무톱밥, 참나무톱밥을 단용 및 혼용으로 이용할 수 있으며, 보관중에 품질유지가 어려운 미강 대신에 밀기울을 사용하여 종균을 제조할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This study was performed to find a medium material that can replace Douglas fir sawdust and rice bran in spawn media for growing spawn directly in the oyster mushroom farm. The pH range, total nitrogen source, and total carbon source of the mixed spawn medium were 5.3~5.9, 0.65~1.11%, and 47.0~49.1%, respectively. The C/N ratio was high in the mixed medium of poplar sawdust, with a low total nitrogen content. The protein content was high in the medium containing fermented Douglas fir sawdust. The mycelium growth rate was higher in the medium containing wheat bran than that in the medium containing rice bran. The highest yield per bottle was observed with poplar sawdust, oak sawdust, and rice bran mixed at a ratio of 40:40:20 (v/v/v); however, there was no significant difference observed in terms of productivity with the other treatments. Thus, when growing sawdust spawns in farms, it is efficient to use poplar sawdust, oak sawdust, and wheat bran, which are also easily available, instead of Douglas fir sawdust and rice bran.

누룩 전처리에 따른 약주의 품질 특성

이대형(Dae Hyoung Lee),서재순(Jae Soon Seo),하태문(Tai Moon Ha),이용선(Yong Seon Lee),조창휘(Chang Hui Cho) 한국식품영양과학회 2020 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.49 No.12

본 연구에서는 약주의 품질을 향상시키기 위해 누룩 추출수의 미생물 제어와 누룩 이취 감소 조건을 검토하였다. 누룩추출온도별 효소 활성에서는 50℃ 처리구에서 glucoamylase 효소 활성이 184.3 U/mL를 나타내었다. 효모는 추출온도가 높아질수록 감소하며 특히 60℃ 이상에서는 효모가 사멸하였다. 약주 발효 특성은 발효 기간에 따라서 알코올 생성량의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 소브산칼륨 첨가에 따른 α-amylase의 활성은 감소하였다. 소브산칼륨 첨가량이 증가할수록 효모와 일반세균 모두 감소하였다. 활성탄 종류의 경우 α-amylase 효소 활성은 CN 1 활성탄이 다른 활성탄보다 높은 41.5 U/mL를 나타내었고 많은 알코올을 생성하였다. CN 1 활성탄 100 ppm을 첨가했을 때 약주 제조의 최적 조건이었다. 일반 누룩을 사용한 약주 제조법과 비교했을 때 누룩을 50℃ 추출 시 소브산칼륨 200 ppm을 첨가한 후 CN 1 활성탄 100 ppm을 넣어 만든 누룩 추출수로 약주를 제조했을 때 가장 좋은 약주를 만들 수 있었다. 이때 약주의 특징적 색인 노란색을 나타내는 b 값은 가장 낮은 0.12를 나타내었다. 최종적으로 위의 방법으로 누룩 추출수를 제조하면 미생물이 감소하면서도 누룩취가 저감된 누룩 추출수를 얻을 수 있다. 또한 누룩 추출수를 약주 발효에 적용하면 안정적인 발효와 함께 누룩취가 저감된 약주를 제조할 수 있다. This study examines the quality characteristics of traditional yakju prepared through reduction with pre-treated nuruk microorganisms, and activated carbon being used to reduce the off-flavor. Glucoamylase enzyme activity with nuruk extraction was determined to be 184.3 U/mL at 50℃. Nuruk microorganisms were observed to decrease with increasing extraction temperature, and were killed above 60℃. Alcohol production was not affected by the fermentation period. The activity of α-amylase decreased with the addition of potassium sorbate, and increasing amounts of potassium sorbate resulted in decreased numbers of yeast and microorganisms. In nuruk extraction, the use of CN 1 activated carbon showed higher α-amylase activity of 41.5 U/mL, compared with other activated carbons tested. Therefore, high alcohol containing Yakju was produced through fermentation, and was considered best with activated carbon. The optimum amount of CN 1 for Yakju was determined to be 100 ppm. To summarize, our results indicate that compared with the general manufacturing method, premium Yakju was produced when the nuruk was extracted at 50℃ with 200 ppm of potassium sorbate, and fermented by adding 100 ppm of CN 1 activated carbon. The b-value, representing the yellowness index of Yakju, exhibited an SCNE of 0.12.

시판 유기농자재 성분 분석에 의한 엽채류 수경재배용 유기자재 선발

황규현(Kyuhyon Hwang),이상우(Sang-Woo Lee),박주현(Ju-Hyun Park),이정혜(Jung Hye Lee),하태문(Tai-Moon Ha),이해길(Hae-Gil Lee),김순재(Soon Jae Kim) 한국원예학회 2016 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2016 No.5

상자에 필터처리에 따른 표고 신품종 ‘화담’의 재배특성 및 자실체 생산성

김정한 ( Jeong-han Kim ),강영주 ( Young-ju Kang ),백일선 ( Il-sun Baek ),신복음 ( Bok-eum Shin ),하태문 ( Tai-moon Ha ),정구현 ( Gu-hyun Jung ) 한국균학회 2020 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.48 No.2

This study was carried out to develop a new method of cultivation of ‘Hwadam’ a new variety of Lentinula edodes, to improve fruiting body productivity and reduce labor. To determine the optimum filter number for box cultivation, L. edodes were assessed for their cultural characteristics and mushroom yield. During spawn running of L. edodes in the box, the temperature gradually increased to the highest value of 25.8℃, 23.7℃, and 23.0℃ on day 18 for the four filter, two filter, and no treatment groups, respectively. Oxygen concentration displayed an opposite trend to carbon dioxide concentration, reaching the lowest value on day 21. The oxygen concentration progressively increased as more filters were used (5.4%, 8.2%, and 8.9% treatment with no, two, and four filters, respectively. Growth of L, edodes in the box resulted in the highest yield (2,228 g/7kg substrate) and biological efficiency (70.7%) using four filters. The biological efficiency of the four filter treatment was 29.4% higher compared to bag cultivation (41.3%). Further studies are necessary to verify stable productivity of fruiting bodies through repeated cultivation.

톱밥배지 침공처리에 따른 표고 ‘화담’ 의 균사배양 및 자실체 생산성

김정한 ( Jeong-han Kim ),최준영 ( Jun-yeong Choi ),김연진 ( Yeon-jin Kim ),문지영 ( Ji-young Mun ),하태문 ( Tai-moon Ha ),정구현 ( Gu-hyun Jung ) 한국균학회 2021 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.49 No.3

The effect of punching treatment on bags containing sawdust medium for the stable production of fruiting bodies of Lentinula edodes 'Hwadam' was investigated. After spawn inoculation, the sawdust medium temperature and CO₂ concentration reached 27.0-28.8℃ on the 23^rd day of incubation, and 14.0-15.6% on the 16^th day of incubation, respectively, decreasing thereafter. The O₂ concentration showed an opposite pattern to the CO₂ concentration. As the number of punching treatments on the medium increased during the incubation period, the lightness value decreased, and conversely, the color difference and weight loss rate increased. There was no difference in the cultivation period according to the punching treatment. As the punching treatment increased on the sawdust medium, the fruiting body yield increased; a three-time punching treatment produced the best yield with 605.7 g. Thus, proper punching treatment on a sawdust medium during the incubation period can increase the number of fruiting bodies and yield.