사역표현과 수동표현의 접근에 대하여

최서영 ( Choi Seo-young ) 韓國外國語大學校 外國學綜合硏究센터 日本硏究所 2016 日本硏究 Vol.0 No.70

일본어의 사역표현과 수동표현은 주어의 보어에 대한 작용·영향의 이동이 역방향관계라는 면에서, 기존의 선행연구와 문법서에서는 양자의 대칭성, 상이성이 주로 지적되어 왔다. 그러나 실제 예문을 조사해보면 사역표현과 수동표현 중에는 큰 의미적 차이없이 양자의 치환이 가능한 경우도 적지 않다. 본고에서는 어떠한 경우에 사역표현과 수동표현이 접근하는가(양자의 치환이 가능한가), 치환이 가능한 타입에 있어서의 구문적, 의미적 특징은 어떠한가, 종래 언급되고 있는 사역과 수동의 용법과는 어떠한 관계에 있는가에 대하여 고찰하였고, 다음과 같은 고찰 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. ① 사역과 수동의 접근 현상은 종래 지적된 것처럼 「책임·불본의의 사역- 간접수동」과 같은 타입에 한정되지 않는다. 사역과 수동의 접근이 관찰되는 타입으로는 「원인의 사역-자발 타입」「책임·불본의의 사역─피해의 의미를 동반하는 직접·간접수동」「원인의 사역- 피해의 의미에 한정되지 않는 직접· 간접수동」과 같은 세가지 타입이 존재한다. ② 사역동사가 종속절 술어로서 사용되는 경우에는 일정한 구문적, 의미적 경향이 보이는데, 사태의 예방을 목적으로 하는 목적절과 사태의 실현을 가정하고 사태가 실현한 경우에 초래되는 부정적 결과를 언급하는 조건절 등이 관찰된다. ③ 사역동사가 명사수식의 형식에서 사용되는 구조에서는 주어를 설정할 필요가 없고, 텐스·아스펙트성, 보이스성이 중화(中和)되어 사역과 수동의 접근이 관찰되는 경우가 있다. Though the differences have been pointed out in the precedent study about causative and passive sentences mainly, but the phenomenon causative and passive sentences approach exists unexpectedly a lot. Under such a background, this report analyzed what type of causative sentences can be replaced with passive sentences. As a result of analyzation, the following facts became clear. ① The type that causative and passive sentences approach is not limited to 「Responsibility causative - Indirect passive」type (「I let a son die in war」and 「I lost a son by death in war」), It became clear there are 3 types causative and passive sentence approach such as 「Causation causative - Spontaneous passive」「Responsibility causative - Passive with the meaning of the nuisance」 「Causation causative - Neutral passive (from the meaning of the nuisance)」 ② The syntactic and semantic tendency is seen about the type that causative verb is used for as a predicate of the subordinate clause (1)Purpose clause expresses the prevention of the situation(「~(Sa)senaitameni~(wo)suru/~ga naito/~ga hitsuyouda」「~(Sa)senaiyouni~(wo)suru」)、(2)Condition clause express negative result when a situation was realized(「~(Sa)setesimattaraㆍ (Sa)seruyouninattara + Negative result」). In addition, the modality form of the meaning not to accept the realization of the situation(I cannot let you do it) is seen(「~(Sa)sete tamaru(mono)ka」「~(Sa)seruwakeniwaikanai」). ③ Because it is not necessary to set a subject with the structure that a causative is used for the attributive modification, Causative sentences and the passive sentence come close without adding a change to other sentence elements that much.

퇴행성 요추 척추관 협착증의 한의표준임상진료지침 핵심질문 설정에 대한 환자 인식 설문 조사: 단면 설문 연구

최서영 ( Seo Young Choi ),배지민 ( Ji Min Bae ),최지원 ( Ji Won Choi ),양기영 ( Gi Young Yang ),이병렬 ( Byung Ryul Lee ),김건형 ( Kun Hyung Kim ) 대한경락경혈학회 2018 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.35 No.4

현대 일본어의 사역문과 서술의 유형

최서영 ( Seo Young Choi ) 서강대학교 언어정보연구소 2014 언어와 정보 사회 Vol.21 No.-

In general, the event predication is expressed by verb sentences and property predication is expressed by nominal and adjective sentences. Causative sentences belong to verb sentence, represent event predication(such as “Kantoku-ga senshu-wo hasiraseta(Coach made players run)”) more often, but can also represent property predication(such as “Kurayami-wa ningen-wo obiesaseru(Darkness make human feel the fear)”). While there has been a great deal of research of the causative sentences of the event predication type, the property predication type remain under-researched. In previous studies of causative sentences, the example of property predication type was pointed out but was not analyzed specifically. In this background, Choi(2010), based on corpus investigation, analyzed how the event predication and property predication is represented by types of causative sentences. And this paper, follow- up study of Choi(2010), focused on the structural and semantic features of property predication type. The conclusion which can be drawn from this study is following: 1) The structures of property predication types are represented as “X-wa …V(s)aseru”, “X-wa …V(s)asesru Xⅴdearu”, “X-(ni)wa …V(s)aseru x-ga aru”, “X-wa …V(s)aseru gokoga- dekiru”, “X-wa …V(s)aseruhodo Adj.”, “…V(s)aseru X”, “Some negative forms of Causative sentences”. 2) Kinds of properties are as follows: In inanimate subject sentence, there are the types describe nature, effect, shape and color of thing. And in animate subject sentence, there are the types describe personality, ability, and appearance of person.

사무소 건물의 Zero Emission Building 디자인을 위한 기초적 연구

최서영(Choi, Seo-Young),강혜진(Kang, Hae-Jin),이언구(Rhee, Eon-Ku) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2012 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10

The study intends to develop Zero Emission Building design method which can be easily used in early design stage for office buildings. In this paper, as the fundamental study intensive literature search is conducted to establish for a reference baseline buildings. Also, energy strategies and performance levels which affect heating, cooling and light energy consumption are selected. As the result of the intensive research presented in this study, Zero Emission Building Design strategies were found. ZEB design strategies include W/D(Width/ Depth) Ratio, orientation, type of core space, ceiling height, WWR(Window/ Wall Ratio), insulation of wall, performance of window, SHGC(Solar Heat Gain Coefficient), horizontal louver and natural ventilation(infiltnation).

동아시아 POPs 환경대기 대표지점에서의 주기적인 OCPs 모니터링 결과

최서영 ( Seo-young Choi ),박상원 ( Sang-won Park ),최종우 ( Jong-woo Choi ) 한국환경농학회 2021 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2021 No.-

East Asian POPs Monitoring as a UNEP Program in an ambient air at background sites has been performed. In addition, supersites, including Jeju, were selected for more intensive monitoring of POPs. At Jeju, monthly sampling and analyses were carried out in order to determine the concentration levels and trends of POPs. (especially 9 OCPs since 2009) We used two high volume PUF air samplers to monitor OCPs. Sampling was conducted every 24 hours for 3 days per month. Air flow was 700 LPM. Total flow capacity was 1,000 cubic meter per day. We did recovery tests by spiking 3C-labeled surrogate standards onto QFF. The collected PUF, QFF and ACF were all extracted by dichloromethane for 24 hours. Florisil cartridge and activated carbon cartridge were used to remove some interferences of the samples. Samples were analyzed with HRGC/HRMS. According to Korean Environmental Standards of POPs official test method, the recovery rate of atmospheric samples should be controlled in the range of 40 to 120 %. All samples except for Aldrin satisfied this standards. DDTs and chlordane were in the range of 13 to 131 pg/㎥. Drins and heptachlor were in the range of 3 to 21 pg/㎥. In case of Mirex, Korea has never used or imported this material before. The monitoring result showed that Mirex had very low values in the range of 0.5 to 5.2 pg/㎥. Seasonal variables showed that residue levels were getting higher in July and getting lower in October. Residues of each pesticide in OCPs, 4,4-DDE and 4,4-DDT were higher than other DDTs. Among chlordanes, cis and trans chlordane were higher than nonachlor. Dieldrin was dominant in Drins. This monitoring will be useful to estimate the contamination level of POPs in East Asian region and contribute to understanding of global distribution and transport of POPs.

日本語學,日本語敎育學 : 使役文における敍述の類型

최서영 ( Seo Young Choi ) 한국일어일문학회 2010 日語日文學硏究 Vol.74 No.1

속성을 서술하는 동사문과 명사문

최서영 ( Choi Seo-young ) 韓國外國語大學校 外國學綜合硏究센터 日本硏究所 2017 日本硏究 Vol.0 No.72

지금까지의 연구에서는 동사문은 사태서술문으로서, 명사문은 속성서술문으로서 독립적으로 연구되어온 경향이 강하다. 본고는 속성서술이라는 하나의 통일적인 관점에서 양자를 바라보고, 속성을 서술하는 동사문과 명사문의 구조적·구문적, 의미적 특징을 실례조사를 토대로 분석, 고찰하였다. 먼저 구조적·구문적 특징에 대해서 살펴본다. 속성서술 명사문의 구조적 특징에 대하여 살펴보면, 속성서술 명사문의 기본구조는 「주제명사+(연체수식요소)+술어명사」로 구성된다. 속성의 의미는 「연체수식요소」 를 중심으로 표현되는 유형, 「연체수식요소+술어명사」를 중심으로 표현되는 유형, 「술어명사」를 중심으로 표현되는 유형으로 나뉜다. 다음으로 속성서술 동사문의 구조적·구문적 특징에 대하여 살펴보면, 속성서술 동사문의 기본구조는 「주제명사+(보어)+술어동사」로 구성된다. 이러한 구조를 통해서 속성의 의미는 「술어동사」를 중심으로 표현되거나 「보어+술어동사」를 중심으로 표현 되거나 「보어 명사」를 중심으로 표현된다. 구문적으로는 자동사 구문, 존재·소유 구문, 재귀 구문 등과 같이 전체적으로는 타동성이 약한 구문을 중심으로 나타난다. 다음으로 의미적 특징에 대하여 살펴보면 속성서술 동사문과 속성서술 명사문에서 공통적으로 관찰되는 속성의 의미 타입으로는 성격, 용모, 능력 등의 타입이 있으며 주로 속성서술 명사문을 통해서 표현되는 의미 타입으로는 직업, 신앙, 성별, 국적, 출신, 개인적 사회적 관계와 같은 타입이 관찰된다. Generally event predication is represented by verb sentence and property predication is represented by noun sentence. There are not many numbers but verb sentence can also represent property predication and noun sentence can also represent event predication. This paper analyzed noun sentence and verb sentence representing property predication and compared structural and semantic differences and similarities. As regards noun sentence focused on the relation of the noun modifier and predicate noun. And as regards verb sentence focused on the lower sentence construction. With respect to the semantic feature common features that can be expressed by noun sentence and verb sentence are as like personality, abilities, appearance. Unique features can be expressed by noun sentence are as like job, gender, age, nationality, origin.

主語の有情 · 非情性と他動詞文の表現事態

崔瑞暎(Choi, Seo-Young) 한국일본문화학회 2020 日本文化學報 Vol.0 No.85

In this paper, we collected examples of 300 animate subject transitive sentences and 300 inanimate subject transitive sentences from Japanese literary and social books, and compared their characteristics. Based on the presence or absence of result entailment of the object, the sentences were divided into type A (result entailment) and type B (result non-entailment). Type A was further classified as cause of human action (A-1), change in human physiology or psychology (A-2), and change in an inanimate object (A-3). There is a significant difference in the appearance frequency of type A due to the causal relation expression form using the relation between the subject and the predicate. In this structure, the cause was placed at the beginning of the sentence so that it could be focused on and so that the causal relationship could be expressed in a short sentence structure. We considered type A patterns such as subject types that cause changes in human physiology and the continuity of “phenomena” and “concrete” subjects, and subject types that cause human psychological changes, connections between the subject of “a fact or case,” and “one’s own feelings and thoughts.” For type B, we pointed out that the degree of typicality of transitive sentences is not proportional to the frequency of transitive sentences. Next, we considered “Yobu” and “Tsutsumu” as a representative verb that causes a change in the meaning.

서술의 유형의 관점에서 조명한 현대일본어의 사역문과 수동문

최서영 ( Seo Young Choi ) 한국일어일문학회 2015 日語日文學硏究 Vol.94 No.1

사역문과 수동문은 형태적(동사의 형태가 유표적), 통어적(격의 변화), 의미적(능동문과의 의미적 차이) 카테고리를 가지고 동사문 고유의 문법현상인 보이스의 대표적인 체계를 이루고 있다. 사역문과 수동문에 대해서는 많은 연구가 있지만, 대부분이 사태를 서술하는 문을 다루고 있고, 속성을 서술하는 문에 관해서는 실증적인 고찰이 거의 없다. 사태를 서술하는 문과 속성을 서술하는 문은 의미 차이 뿐만이 아니라 문 요소, 문 구조와 같은 형식적인 차이와도 상관(相關)하는 서로 다른 문 타입으로 양자(兩者)를 구별하고 각각의 성질을 이해하려는 관점이 필요하다. 본 연구는 사역문에 대해서 고찰한 기존연구(2010, 2014)를 발전시키는 한편, 고찰대상을 수동문으로도 확장시켜 서술의 유형의 관점에서 속성서술 사역문과 속성서술 수동문의 문 요소적, 의미적, 구조적 특징에 대하여 고찰하였다. Causative sentence and passive sentence has morphological, syntactic, elemental categories and forms the system of Japanese voice phenomenon. In general, the event predication is expressed by verb sentences and property predication is expressed by nominal and adjective sentences. causative sentenceand passive sentence belongs to verb sentence represents event predicationmore often, butcan also represent property predication. While there has been a great deal of research of the causative and passive sentence of the event predication type, the property predication type remains under-researched. In previous studies, the example of property predication type was pointed out but was not analyzed specifically. In this background, Choi(2010,2014) anaylized how the event predication and property predication is represented by types of causative sentences. And this paper, follow- up study of Choi(2010,2014), analyzed on the structural and semantic features of causative sentence and passive sentence based on corpus investigation systematically.

퇴행성 요추 척추관 협착증의 한의표준임상진료지침 핵심질문 설정에 대한 환자 인식 설문 조사: 단면 설문 연구

최서영 ( Seo Young Choi ),배지민 ( Ji Min Bae ),최지원 ( Ji Won Choi ),양기영 ( Gi Young Yang ),이병렬 ( Byung Ryul Lee ),김건형 ( Kun Hyung Kim ) 경락경혈학회 2018 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.35 No.3

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to explore patients’ perceptions that deserve attention when designing core questions for a clinical practice guideline of Korean medicine(KM) for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Methods : Patients who had been admitted to Pusan National Korean Medicine Hospital from November 1, 2015 to October 31, 2016 were invited to the survey. Patients were eligible if they were both clinically and radiologically confirmed as degenerative LSS. The structured questionnaire was distributed by mail and outpatient visits. Questions included types of experienced Korean/Western medical interventions for LSS, their perceived effectiveness on symptoms, the necessity for studies of KM for degenerative LSS, the types of KM interventions to be investigated and the types of outcome measures after treatments. Data were descriptively analysed. Results : Twenty of thirty-one invited participants responded to the questionnaire. Acupuncture and herbal medicine were the most frequently used KM interventions. Eighteen respondents reported that KM treatments were helpful for their improvement. Sixteen patients who mentioned that research on KM is needed chose acupuncture as the top priority(88%) among KM interventions. The most important outcomes in the view of nineteen respondents included functional recovery (68%) and pain relief (53%). Thirteen respondents (65%) replied that both short-term and long-term outcome were important for them. Conclusions : Our findings may have limited validity due to the small number of respondents and the potential selection and information bias. Further qualitative studies and large-scale surveys to comprehensively identify patients’ views are warranted.